Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2023
Neurons
maintain
their
average
firing
rate
and
other
properties
within
narrow
bounds
despite
changing
conditions.
This
homeostatic
regulation
is
achieved
using
negative
feedback
to
adjust
ion
channel
expression
levels.
To
understand
how
of
excitability
normally
works
it
goes
awry,
one
must
consider
the
various
channels
involved
as
well
regulated
impacted
by
adjusting
those
when
regulating
excitability.
raises
issues
degeneracy
pleiotropy.
Degeneracy
refers
disparate
solutions
conveying
equivalent
function
(e.g.,
different
combinations
yielding
excitability).
many-to-one
mapping
contrasts
one-to-many
described
pleiotropy
affecting
multiple
properties).
facilitates
enabling
a
disturbance
be
offset
compensatory
changes
in
any
several
or
thereof.
Pleiotropy
complicates
because
intended
regulate
property
may
inadvertently
disrupt
properties.
Co-regulating
pleiotropic
requires
greater
than
isolation
and,
extension,
can
fail
for
additional
reasons
such
each
being
incompatible
with
another.
Problems
also
arise
if
perturbation
too
strong
and/or
weak,
set
point
disturbed.
Delineating
loops
interactions
provides
valuable
insight
into
might
fail.
Insofar
failure
modes
require
distinct
interventions
restore
homeostasis,
deeper
understanding
its
pathological
disruption
reveal
more
effective
treatments
chronic
neurological
disorders
like
neuropathic
pain
epilepsy.
The Journal of Cell Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
218(5), С. 1706 - 1724
Опубликована: Март 26, 2019
Synaptic
terminals
grow
and
retract
throughout
life,
yet
synaptic
strength
is
maintained
within
stable
physiological
ranges.
To
study
this
process,
we
investigated
Drosophila
endophilin
(endo)
mutants.
Although
active
zone
(AZ)
number
doubled
in
endo
mutants,
a
compensatory
reduction
their
size
homeostatically
adjusts
global
neurotransmitter
output
to
maintain
strength.
We
find
an
inverse
adaptation
rab3
Additional
analyses
using
confocal,
STED,
electron
microscopy
reveal
stoichiometric
tuning
of
AZ
scaffolds
nanoarchitecture.
Axonal
transport
cargo
via
the
lysosomal
kinesin
adapter
Arl8
regulates
abundance
modulate
sustain
homeostatic
potentiation
neurotransmission.
Finally,
that
scaling
can
interface
with
two
independent
homeostats,
depression
potentiation,
remodel
structure
function,
demonstrating
robust
balancing
separate
adaptations.
Thus,
AZs
are
pliable
substrates
elastic
modular
nanostructures
be
dynamically
sculpted
stabilize
tune
both
local
Cell,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
184(26), С. 6326 - 6343.e32
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2021
Animals
traversing
different
environments
encounter
both
stable
background
stimuli
and
novel
cues,
which
are
thought
to
be
detected
by
primary
sensory
neurons
then
distinguished
downstream
brain
circuits.
Here,
we
show
that
each
of
the
∼1,000
olfactory
neuron
(OSN)
subtypes
in
mouse
harbors
a
distinct
transcriptome
whose
content
is
precisely
determined
interactions
between
its
odorant
receptor
environment.
This
transcriptional
variation
systematically
organized
support
adaptation:
expression
levels
more
than
70
genes
relevant
transforming
odors
into
spikes
continuously
vary
across
OSN
subtypes,
dynamically
adjust
new
over
hours,
accurately
predict
acute
OSN-specific
odor
responses.
The
periphery
therefore
separates
salient
signals
from
predictable
via
rheostat
moment-to-moment
state
reflects
past
constrains
future;
these
findings
suggest
general
model
structured
within
cell
type
individual
experience.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2023
Neurons
maintain
their
average
firing
rate
and
other
properties
within
narrow
bounds
despite
changing
conditions.
This
homeostatic
regulation
is
achieved
using
negative
feedback
to
adjust
ion
channel
expression
levels.
To
understand
how
of
excitability
normally
works
it
goes
awry,
one
must
consider
the
various
channels
involved
as
well
regulated
impacted
by
adjusting
those
when
regulating
excitability.
raises
issues
degeneracy
pleiotropy.
Degeneracy
refers
disparate
solutions
conveying
equivalent
function
(e.g.,
different
combinations
yielding
excitability).
many-to-one
mapping
contrasts
one-to-many
described
pleiotropy
affecting
multiple
properties).
facilitates
enabling
a
disturbance
be
offset
compensatory
changes
in
any
several
or
thereof.
Pleiotropy
complicates
because
intended
regulate
property
may
inadvertently
disrupt
properties.
Co-regulating
pleiotropic
requires
greater
than
isolation
and,
extension,
can
fail
for
additional
reasons
such
each
being
incompatible
with
another.
Problems
also
arise
if
perturbation
too
strong
and/or
weak,
set
point
disturbed.
Delineating
loops
interactions
provides
valuable
insight
into
might
fail.
Insofar
failure
modes
require
distinct
interventions
restore
homeostasis,
deeper
understanding
its
pathological
disruption
reveal
more
effective
treatments
chronic
neurological
disorders
like
neuropathic
pain
epilepsy.
