The complete connectome of a learning and memory centre in an insect brain

Nature, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 548(7666), С. 175 - 182

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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A connectome of a learning and memory center in the adult Drosophila brain

eLife, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 6

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2017

Understanding memory formation, storage and retrieval requires knowledge of the underlying neuronal circuits. In Drosophila, mushroom body (MB) is major site associative learning. We reconstructed morphologies synaptic connections all 983 neurons within three functional units, or compartments, that compose adult MB's α lobe, using a dataset isotropic 8 nm voxels collected by focused ion-beam milling scanning electron microscopy. found Kenyon cells (KCs), whose sparse activity encodes sensory information, each make multiple en passant synapses to MB output (MBONs) in compartment. Some MBONs have inputs from KCs, while others differentially sample modalities. Only 6% KC>MBON receive direct synapse dopaminergic neuron (DAN). identified two unanticipated classes synapses, KC>DAN DAN>MBON. DAN activation produces slow depolarization MBON these DAN>MBON can weaken recall.

Язык: Английский

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Optimal Degrees of Synaptic Connectivity

Neuron, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 93(5), С. 1153 - 1164.e7

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2017

Язык: Английский

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What is memory? The present state of the engram

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 19, 2016

The mechanism of memory remains one the great unsolved problems biology. Grappling with question more than a hundred years ago, German zoologist Richard Semon formulated concept engram, lasting connections in brain that result from simultaneous “excitations”, whose precise physical nature and consequences were out reach biology his day. Neuroscientists now have knowledge tools to tackle this question, however, Forum brings together leading contemporary views on mechanisms what engram means today.

Язык: Английский

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The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Язык: Английский

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Dopaminergic neurons write and update memories with cell-type-specific rules

eLife, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 5

Опубликована: Июль 21, 2016

Associative learning is thought to involve parallel and distributed mechanisms of memory formation storage. In Drosophila, the mushroom body (MB) major site associative odor formation. Previously we described anatomy adult MB defined 20 types dopaminergic neurons (DANs) that each innervate distinct compartments (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="bib2">Aso et al., 2014a</xref>, <xref rid="bib4">2014b</xref>). Here compare properties memories formed by optogenetic activation individual DAN cell types. We found extensive differences in training requirements for formation, decay dynamics, storage capacity flexibility learn new associations. Even a single type can either write or reduce an aversive memory, appetitive depending on when it activated relative delivery. Our results show different rules are executed seemingly systems, providing multiple circuit-based strategies predict future events from past experiences.

Язык: Английский

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Do the right thing: neural network mechanisms of memory formation, expression and update in Drosophila

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 49, С. 51 - 58

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2017

When animals learn, plasticity in brain networks that respond to specific cues results a change the behavior these elicit. Individual network components mushroom bodies of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster represent cues, learning signals and behavioral outcomes learned experience. Recent findings have highlighted importance dopamine-driven activity feedback feedforward connections, between various elements body neural network. These computational motifs been shown be crucial for long term olfactory memory consolidation, integration internal states, re-evaluation updating information. The often recurrent circuit anatomy prolonged requirement parts underlying networks, suggest self-sustained precisely timed is fundamental feature computations insect brain. Together processes allow flies continuously adjust content their knowledge direct way best represents expectations serves most pressing current needs.

Язык: Английский

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The connectome of an insect brain

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 379(6636)

Опубликована: Март 10, 2023

Brains contain networks of interconnected neurons and so knowing the network architecture is essential for understanding brain function. We therefore mapped synaptic-resolution connectome an entire insect ( Drosophila larva) with rich behavior, including learning, value computation, action selection, comprising 3016 548,000 synapses. characterized neuron types, hubs, feedforward feedback pathways, as well cross-hemisphere brain-nerve cord interactions. found pervasive multisensory interhemispheric integration, highly recurrent architecture, abundant from descending neurons, multiple novel circuit motifs. The brain’s most circuits comprised input output learning center. Some structural features, multilayer shortcuts nested loops, resembled state-of-the-art deep architectures. identified provides a basis future experimental theoretical studies neural circuits.

Язык: Английский

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Architectures of neuronal circuits

Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 373(6559)

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2021

Although individual neurons are the basic unit of nervous system, they process information by working together in neuronal circuits with specific patterns synaptic connectivity. Here, I review common circuit motifs and architectural plans used diverse brain regions animal species. also consider how these architectures assemble during development might have evolved. Understanding connectivity can implement neural computations will help to bridge huge gap between biology neuron function entire brain, allow us better understand basis behavior, may inspire new advances artificial intelligence.

Язык: Английский

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Distinct Dopamine Receptor Pathways Underlie the Temporal Sensitivity of Associative Learning

Cell, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 178(1), С. 60 - 75.e19

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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