Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 47(11), С. 904 - 917
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024
Язык: Английский
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 73, С. 102514 - 102514
Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
54
Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 612(7939), С. 316 - 322
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022
Abstract In neural networks that store information in their connection weights, there is a tradeoff between sensitivity and stability 1,2 . Connections must be plastic to incorporate new information, but if they are too plastic, stored can corrupted. A potential solution allow plasticity only during epochs when task-specific rich, on the basis of ‘when-to-learn’ signal 3 We reasoned dopamine provides when-to-learn allows brain’s spatial maps update available—that is, an animal moving. Here we show neurons innervating Drosophila head direction network specifically active fly turns change its direction. Moreover, activity scales with moment-to-moment fluctuations rotational speed. Pairing release visual cue persistently strengthens cue’s influence cells. Conversely, inhibiting these decreases cue. This mechanism should accelerate learning moments orienting movements providing rich stream allowing rates low at other times protect information. Our results how brain compressed into discrete which high matched intake.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
46
Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 54, С. 100968 - 100968
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2022
Methods to acquire and process synaptic-resolution electron-microscopy datasets have progressed very rapidly, allowing production annotation of larger, more complete connectomes. More accurate neuronal matching techniques are enriching cell type data with gene expression, neuron activity, behaviour developmental information, providing ways test hypotheses circuit function. In a variety behaviours such as learned innate olfaction, navigation sexual behaviour, connectomics has already revealed interconnected modules hierarchical structure, recurrence integration sensory streams. Comparing individual connectomes determine which features robust variable is one key research area; new work in comparative across development, experience, sex species will establish strong links between connectivity brain
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
43
Nature Machine Intelligence, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(1), С. 58 - 70
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
Tracking an odour plume to locate its source under variable wind and statistics is a complex task. Flying insects routinely accomplish such tracking, often over long distances, in pursuit of food or mates. Several aspects this remarkable behaviour underlying neural circuitry have been studied experimentally. Here we take complementary silico approach develop integrated understanding their computations. Specifically, train artificial recurrent network agents using deep reinforcement learning the simulated plumes that mimic features turbulent flow. Interestingly, agents' emergent behaviours resemble those flying insects, networks learn compute task-relevant variables with distinct dynamic structures population activity. Our analyses put forward testable behavioural hypothesis for tracking changing direction, provide key intuitions memory requirements dynamics tracking.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
34
Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 619(7970), С. 563 - 571
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023
Abstract Whereas progress has been made in the identification of neural signals related to rapid, cued decisions 1–3 , less is known about how brains guide and terminate more ethologically relevant which an animal’s own behaviour governs options experienced over minutes 4–6 . Drosophila search for many seconds egg-laying sites with high relative value 7,8 have neurons, called oviDNs, whose activity fulfills necessity sufficiency criteria initiating egg-deposition motor programme 9 Here we show that oviDNs express a calcium signal (1) dips when egg internally prepared (ovulated), (2) drifts up down minutes—in manner influenced by substrates—as fly determines whether lay (3) reaches consistent peak level just before abdomen bend deposition. This apparent cell bodies brain it probably reflects behaviourally rise-to-threshold process ventral nerve cord, where synaptic terminals are located their output can influence behaviour. We provide perturbational evidence initiated once this hits threshold subthreshold variation regulates time spent considering and, ultimately, choice taken. Finally, identify small recurrent circuit feeds into each its constituent types required laying egg. These results argue relative-value, self-paced decision initial insight underlying mechanism building process.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
31
eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12
Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2023
How memories are used by the brain to guide future action is poorly understood. In olfactory associative learning in Drosophila, multiple compartments of mushroom body act parallel assign a valence stimulus. Here, we show that appetitive stored different induce levels upwind locomotion. Using photoactivation screen new collection split-GAL4 drivers and EM connectomics, identified cluster neurons postsynaptic output (MBONs) can trigger robust steering. These UpWind Neurons (UpWiNs) integrate inhibitory excitatory synaptic inputs from MBONs aversive memory compartments, respectively. After formation memory, UpWiNs acquire enhanced response reward-predicting odors as presynaptic MBON undergoes depression. Blocking impaired reduced locomotion during retrieval. Photoactivation also increased chance returning location where activation was terminated, suggesting an additional role navigation. Thus, our results provide insight into how learned abstract valences gradually transformed concrete memory-driven actions through divergent convergent networks, neuronal architecture commonly found vertebrate invertebrate brains.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
30
Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 209(4), С. 467 - 488
Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023
Abstract Using odors to find food and mates is one of the most ancient highly conserved behaviors. Arthropods from flies moths crabs use broadly similar strategies navigate toward odor sources—such as integrating flow information with information, comparing concentration across sensors, over time. Because arthropods share many homologous brain structures—antennal lobes for processing olfactory mechanosensors flow, mushroom bodies (or hemi-ellipsoid bodies) associative learning, central complexes navigation, it likely that these closely related behaviors are mediated by neural circuits. However, differences in types they seek, physics dispersal, locomotion water, air, on substrates mean circuits must have adapted generate a wide diversity odor-seeking In this review, we discuss common specializations observed navigation behavior arthropods, review our current knowledge about subserving behavior. We propose comparative study arthropod nervous systems may provide insight into how set basic circuit structures has diversified different environments.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
24
Current Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34(19), С. 4397 - 4411.e6
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
eLife, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2020
The insect central complex (CX) is thought to underlie goal-oriented navigation but its functional organization not fully understood. We recorded from genetically-identified CX cell types in Drosophila and presented directional visual, olfactory, airflow cues known elicit orienting behavior. found that a group of neurons targeting the ventral fan-shaped body (ventral P-FNs) are robustly tuned for direction. Ventral P-FNs did generate ‘map’ Instead, cells each hemisphere were 45° ipsilateral, forming pair orthogonal bases. Imaging experiments suggest inherit their tuning provide input lateral accessory lobe (LAL) noduli (NO). Silencing prevented flies selecting appropriate corrective turns following changes Our results identify encode direction required proper orientation this stimulus.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
55
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2020
ABSTRACT Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron-microscopy-based connectome of Drosophila CX, including all its neurons circuits at synaptic resolution. identified new CX neuron types, novel sensory motor pathways, network motifs that likely extract fly’s head-direction, maintain it with attractor dynamics, combine other sensorimotor information perform vector-based navigational computations. also numerous pathways may facilitate selection CX-driven behavioral patterns by context internal state. The provides comprehensive blueprint necessary for detailed understanding underlying flexible navigation, state-dependent action selection.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
50