International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(14), С. 7273 - 7273
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2021
Mutations
in
TSC1
or
TSC2
genes
are
linked
to
alterations
neuronal
function
which
ultimately
lead
the
development
of
a
complex
neurological
phenotype.
Here
we
review
current
research
on
effects
that
reduction
can
produce
developing
neural
network.
A
crucial
feature
disease
pathophysiology
appears
be
an
early
deviation
from
typical
neurodevelopment,
form
structural
abnormalities.
Epileptic
seizures
one
primary
manifestation
CNS,
followed
by
intellectual
deficits
and
autism
spectrum
disorders
(ASD).
Research
using
mouse
models
suggests
morphological
brain
might
arise
interaction
different
cellular
types,
hyperexcitability
postnatal
period
transient.
Moreover,
increased
excitation-to-inhibition
ratio
represent
transient
compensatory
adjustment
stabilize
network
rather
than
factor
for
ASD
symptoms.
The
inhomogeneous
results
suggest
region-specificity
as
well
evolving
picture
functional
along
development.
Furthermore,
symptoms
epilepsy
originate
but
potentially
overlapping
mechanisms,
explain
recent
observations
obtained
patients.
Potential
treatment
is
determined
not
only
type
medicament,
also
time
point
treatment.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
44(3), С. 227 - 240
Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2020
The
role
of
the
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC)
takes
center
stage
among
unanswered
questions
in
modern
neuroscience.
PFC
has
a
Janus-faced
nature:
it
enables
sophisticated
cognitive
and
social
abilities
that
reach
their
maximum
expression
humans,
yet
underlies
some
devastating
symptoms
psychiatric
disorders.
Accordingly,
appropriate
development
is
crucial
for
many
high-order
dysregulation
this
process
been
linked
to
various
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
Reviewing
recent
advances
field,
with
primary
focus
on
rodents
we
highlight
why,
despite
differences
across
species,
cross-species
approach
fruitful
strategy
understanding
development.
We
briefly
review
developmental
contribution
molecules
extensively
discuss
how
electrical
activity
controls
early
maturation
wiring
areas,
as
well
emergence
refinement
input-output
circuitry
involved
processing.
Finally,
mechanisms
dysfunction
relevance
Throughout
development,
the
brain
transits
from
early
highly
synchronous
activity
patterns
to
a
mature
state
with
sparse
and
decorrelated
neural
activity,
yet
mechanisms
underlying
this
process
are
poorly
understood.
The
developmental
transition
has
important
functional
consequences,
as
latter
is
thought
allow
for
more
efficient
storage,
retrieval,
processing
of
information.
Here,
we
show
that,
in
mouse
medial
prefrontal
cortex
(mPFC),
during
first
two
postnatal
weeks
decorrelates
following
specific
spatial
patterns.
This
accompanied
by
concomitant
tilting
excitation-inhibition
(E-I)
ratio
toward
inhibition.
Using
optogenetic
manipulations
network
modeling,
that
phenomena
mechanistically
linked,
relative
increase
inhibition
drives
decorrelation
activity.
Accordingly,
mice
mimicking
etiology
neurodevelopmental
disorders,
subtle
alterations
E-I
associated
impairments
correlational
structure
spike
trains.
Finally,
capitalizing
on
EEG
data
newborn
babies,
an
analogous
takes
place
also
human
brain.
Thus,
changes
control
(de)correlation
and,
these
means,
its
imbalance
might
contribute
pathogenesis
disorders.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Июль 29, 2022
Gamma
oscillation
is
the
synchronization
with
a
frequency
of
30-90
Hz
neural
oscillations,
which
are
rhythmic
electric
processes
neuron
groups
in
brain.
The
inhibitory
interneuron
network
necessary
for
production
gamma
but
certain
disruptions
such
as
brain
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
and
metabolic
imbalances
can
cause
this
to
malfunction.
oscillations
specifically
control
connectivity
between
different
regions,
crucial
perception,
movement,
memory,
emotion.
Studies
have
linked
abnormal
conditions
central
nervous
system,
including
Alzheimer's
disease,
Parkinson's
schizophrenia.
Evidence
suggests
that
entrainment
using
sensory
stimuli
(GENUS)
provides
significant
neuroprotection.
This
review
discusses
function
advanced
activities
from
both
physiological
pathological
standpoint,
it
emphasizes
potential
therapeutic
approach
range
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
187(8), С. 1936 - 1954.e24
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
Microglia
are
brain-resident
macrophages
that
shape
neural
circuit
development
and
implicated
in
neurodevelopmental
diseases.
Multiple
microglial
transcriptional
states
have
been
defined,
but
their
functional
significance
is
unclear.
Here,
we
identify
a
type
I
interferon
(IFN-I)-responsive
state
the
developing
somatosensory
cortex
(postnatal
day
5)
actively
engulfing
whole
neurons.
This
population
expands
during
cortical
remodeling
induced
by
partial
whisker
deprivation.
Global
or
microglial-specific
loss
of
IFN-I
receptor
resulted
microglia
with
phagolysosomal
dysfunction
an
accumulation
neurons
nuclear
DNA
damage.
gain
function
increased
neuronal
engulfment
both
mouse
zebrafish
restricted
DNA-damaged
Finally,
deficiency
excess
excitatory
tactile
hypersensitivity.
These
data
define
role
for
neuron-engulfing
critical
window
brain
reveal
homeostatic
functions
canonical
antiviral
signaling
pathway
brain.
Recent
evidence
has
shown
that
even
mild
mutations
in
the
Huntingtin
gene
are
associated
with
late-onset
Huntington's
disease
(HD)
disrupt
various
aspects
of
human
neurodevelopment.
To
determine
whether
these
seemingly
subtle
early
defects
affect
adult
neural
function,
we
investigated
circuit
physiology
newborn
HD
mice.
During
first
postnatal
week,
mice
have
less
cortical
layer
2/3
excitatory
synaptic
activity
than
wild-type
mice,
express
fewer
glutamatergic
receptors,
and
show
sensorimotor
deficits.
The
self-normalizes
second
week
but
nonetheless
develop
HD.
Pharmacologically
enhancing
transmission
during
neonatal
period,
however,
rescues
deficits
preserves
cognition,
spine
synapse
density
as
well
brain
region
volume
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Март 16, 2022
Cortical
neural
circuits
are
complex
but
very
precise
networks
of
balanced
excitation
and
inhibition.
Yet,
the
molecular
cellular
mechanisms
that
form
balance
just
beginning
to
emerge.
Here,
using
conditional
γ-aminobutyric
acid
receptor
B1-
deficient
mice
we
identify
a
acid/tumor
necrosis
factor
superfamily
member
12-mediated
bidirectional
communication
pathway
between
parvalbumin-positive
fast
spiking
interneurons
oligodendrocyte
precursor
cells
determines
density
function
in
developing
medial
prefrontal
cortex.
Interruption
GABAergic
signaling
results
reduced
myelination
hypoactivity
interneurons,
strong
changes
cortical
network
activities
impaired
social
cognitive
behavior.
In
conclusion,
glial
transmitter
receptors
pivotal
elements
finetuning
distinct
brain
functions.
Neuron,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
112(7), С. 1060 - 1080
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024
Human
episodic
memory
is
not
functionally
evident
until
about
2
years
of
age
and
continues
to
develop
into
the
school
years.
Behavioral
studies
have
elucidated
this
developmental
timeline
its
constituent
processes.
In
tandem,
lesion
neurophysiological
in
non-human
primates
rodents
identified
key
neural
substrates
circuit
mechanisms
that
may
underlie
development.
Despite
progress,
collaborative
efforts
between
psychologists
neuroscientists
remain
limited,
hindering
progress.
Here,
we
seek
bridge
human
development
research
by
offering
a
comparative
review
using
humans,
primates,
rodents.
We
highlight
critical
theoretical
methodological
issues
limit
cross-fertilization
propose
common
framework,
adaptable
different
species,
facilitate
cross-species
endeavors.
