Journal of Psychiatric Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 163, С. 270 - 277
Опубликована: Май 21, 2023
Язык: Английский
Oxford University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Май 7, 2024
Abstract The Neuropsychology of Anxiety first appeared in 1982 as the volume Oxford Psychology Series, and it quickly established itself classic work on subject. It second edition (appearing 2000) have been cited at a steadily increasing rate passing 500/year 2017. field has continued to expand last quarter century necessitating this third edition. This completely updated revised (with many figures converted colour) retains original core concepts while expanding often simplifying details. includes new chapter prefrontal cortex, which integrates frontal hippocampal views anxiety an extensively modified personality providing basis for further developments Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. book is essential postgraduate students researchers experimental psychology neuroscience, well all clinical psychologists psychiatrists.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
73
Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(8), С. 3194 - 3206
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
Social behaviors, how individuals act cooperatively and competitively with conspecifics, are widely seen across species. Rodents display various social many different behavioral paradigms have been used for investigating their neural circuit bases. behavior is highly vulnerable to brain network dysfunction caused by neurological neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Studying mouse models of ASD provides a promising avenue toward elucidating mechanisms abnormal potential therapeutic targets treatment. In this review, we outline recent progress key findings on underlying behavior, particular emphasis rodent studies that monitor manipulate the activity specific circuits using modern systems neuroscience approaches. mediated distributed brain-wide among major cortical (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), anterior cingulate cortex, insular (IC)) subcortical nucleus accumbens, basolateral amygdala (BLA), ventral tegmental area) structures, influenced multiple neuromodulatory oxytocin, dopamine, serotonin). We particularly draw special attention IC unique area mediates multisensory integration, encoding ongoing interaction, decision-making, emotion, empathy. Additionally, synthesis demonstrates dysfunctions in mPFC-BLA circuitry neuromodulation prominent. Pharmacological rescues local or systemic oral) administration drugs provided valuable clues developing new agents ASD. Future efforts technological advances will push forward next frontiers field, elucidation inter-brain dynamics during real virtual interactions, establishment circuit-based therapy affecting functions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
58
Brain, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 147(6), С. 1953 - 1966
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
Abstract Impaired social cognition is a core deficit in frontotemporal dementia (FTD). It most commonly associated with the behavioural-variant of FTD, atrophy orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Social cognitive changes are also common semantic dementia, centred on anterior temporal lobes. The impairment behaviour FTD has typically been attributed to damage cortex and/or poles uncinate fasciculus that connects them. However, relative contributions each region unresolved. In this review, we present unified neurocognitive model controlled not only explains observed behaviours but assimilates both consistent potentially contradictory findings from other patient groups, comparative neurology normative neuroscience. We propose impaired results two cognitively- anatomically-distinct components. first component social-semantic knowledge, part general semantic-conceptual system supported by lobes bilaterally. second control, cortex, medial frontal ventrolateral which interacts knowledge guide shape behaviour.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
19
Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Abstract Navigating social environments is a fundamental challenge for the brain. It has been established that brain solves this problem, in part, by representing information an agent-centric manner; knowledge about others’ abilities or attitudes tagged to individuals such as ‘oneself’ ‘other’ 1–6 . This intuitive approach informed understanding of key nodes parts brain, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and anterior cingulate (ACC) 7–9 However, patterns combinations which might interact with one another important identities individuals. Here, four studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging, behavioural experiments group decision-making task, we show dmPFC ACC represent combinatorial possibilities interaction afforded given situation, they do so compressed format resembling basis functions used spatial, visual motor domains 10–12 The align types, opposed individual identities. Our results indicate there are deep analogies between abstract neural coding schemes domain construction our sense identity.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(12), С. 1705 - 1722
Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Brain, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 146(12), С. 4826 - 4844
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023
Abstract The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) is a brain area subject to many theories and debates over its function(s). Even precise anatomical borders are much controversy. In the past decades, dmPFC/dACC has been associated with more than 15 different cognitive processes, which sometimes appear quite unrelated (e.g. body perception, conflict). As result, understanding what does become real challenge for neuroscientists. Several of this area's function(s) have developed, leading successive competitive publications bearing models, contradict each other. During last two lively scientific exchanges around promoted fruitful research in neuroscience. review, we provide an overview anatomy dmPFC/dACC, summarize state art functions that present main aiming at explaining We explore commonalities arguments between theories. Finally, explain can be learned from these future investigations other regions' functions.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
39
Brain, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 147(3), С. 794 - 815
Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023
Abstract The prefrontal cortex is so important to human beings that, if deprived of it, our behaviour reduced action-reactions and automatisms, with no ability make deliberate decisions. Why does the hold such importance in humans? In answer, this review draws on proximity between humans other primates, which enables us, through comparative anatomical-functional analysis, understand cognitive functions we have common specify those that distinguish from their closest cousins. First, a focus lateral region illustrates existence continuum rhesus monkeys (the most studied primates neuroscience) for major brain plays central role. This involves presence elementary mental operations monkey (e.g. working memory or response inhibition) are constitutive ‘macro-functions’ as planning, problem-solving even language production. Second, has developed dramatically compared primates. increase seems concern anterior part frontopolar cortex). humans, development associated three interrelated changes: (i) greater capacity, allowing integration past experiences prospective futures; (ii) capacity link discontinuous distant data, whether temporal semantic; (iii) abstraction, classify knowledge different ways, engage analogical reasoning acquire abstract values give rise beliefs morals. Together, these new skills enable among things, develop highly sophisticated social interactions based language, enabling us conceive moral judgements conceptualize, create extend vision environment beyond what can physically grasp. Finally, model transition non-human concludes review.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
31
BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)
Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023
Abstract Background Previous studies have found a correlation between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and changes in brain structure cognitive function, but it remains unclear whether COVID-19 causes structural which specific regions are affected. Herein, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate this causal relationship identify vulnerable COVID-19. Methods Genome-wide association (GWAS) data for phenotypes (28,900 cases 3,251,161 controls) were selected as exposures, GWAS traits (cortical thickness surface area from 51,665 participants volume of subcortical structures 30,717 participants) outcomes. Inverse-variance weighted method was used the main estimate method. The median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO global test, Cochran’s Q statistic detect heterogeneity pleiotropy. Results genetically predicted infection phenotype nominally associated with reduced cortical caudal middle frontal gyrus ( β = − 0.0044, p 0.0412). hospitalized lateral orbitofrontal 0.0049, 0.0328) rostral 0.0022, 0.0032) well temporal 10.8855, 0.0266). These relationships also identified severe phenotype. Additionally, cuneus 0.0024, 0.0168); pericalcarine 2.6628, 0.0492), superior parietal 5.6310, 0.0408), parahippocampal 0.1473, 0.0297); hippocampus 15.9130, 0.0024). Conclusions Our indicates suggestively significant genetic predisposition atrophy functional human brain. Patients impairment should be actively managed alleviate neurocognitive symptoms minimize long-term effects.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
26
Alzheimer s & Dementia, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(9), С. 5912 - 5925
Опубликована: Авг. 13, 2024
Abstract BACKGROUND Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) the United States (US), is unknown. METHODS A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA US were included. We studied association education volume functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality variability, age, sex, intracranial (TIV), recording type. RESULTS influenced measures, explaining 24%–98% geographical differences. The educational disparities between associated gray matter variations, especially in AD patients. emerged as a critical factor classifying aging dementia regions. DISCUSSION results underscore on structure function LA, highlighting importance incorporating factors into diagnosing, care, prevention, emphasizing need global diversity research. Highlights Lower was linked to reduced healthy controls (HCs), (FTLD). American cohorts have lower levels compared those States. Educational majorly drive differences significant both conditions, but more than FTLD. stands
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15