Journal of Neurochemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Abstract
Depressive
disorders
are
a
common
and
debilitating
form
of
mental
illness
with
significant
impacts
on
individuals
society.
Despite
the
high
prevalence,
underlying
causes
mechanisms
depressive
still
poorly
understood.
Neurochemical
systems,
including
serotonin,
norepinephrine,
dopamine,
have
been
implicated
in
development
perpetuation
symptoms.
Current
treatments
for
depression
target
these
neuromodulator
but
there
is
need
better
understanding
their
role
order
to
develop
more
effective
treatments.
Monitoring
neurochemical
dynamics
during
symptoms
crucial
gaining
involvement
disorders.
Genetically
encoded
sensors
emerged
recently
that
offer
spatial–temporal
resolution
ability
monitor
real
time.
This
review
explores
systems
involved
discusses
applications
limitations
current
monitoring
tools
dynamics.
It
also
highlights
potential
genetically
characterizing
depression‐related
behaviors.
Furthermore,
improvements
discussed
meet
requirements
research.
MDMA
(3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine)
is
a
psychoactive
drug
with
powerful
prosocial
effects.
While
sometimes
termed
an
"empathogen,"
empirical
studies
have
struggled
to
clearly
demonstrate
these
effects
or
pinpoint
underlying
mechanisms.
Here,
we
paired
the
social
transfer
of
pain
and
analgesia-behavioral
tests
modeling
empathy
in
mice-with
region-specific
neuropharmacology,
optogenetics,
transgenic
manipulations
explore
MDMA's
action
as
empathogen.
We
report
that
MDMA,
given
intraperitoneally
infused
directly
into
nucleus
accumbens
(NAc),
robustly
enhances
analgesia.
Optogenetic
stimulation
5-HT
release
NAc
recapitulates
implicating
signaling
core
mechanism.
Last,
systemic
optogenetic
inputs
restores
deficits
empathy-like
behaviors
Journal of Neurochemistry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
166(2), С. 138 - 155
Опубликована: Март 13, 2023
Abstract
The
renin‐angiotensin
system
(RAS)
plays
essential
roles
in
maintaining
peripheral
cardiovascular
homeostasis,
with
its
potential
the
brain
only
being
recognized
more
recently.
Angiotensin‐I‐converting
enzyme
(ACE)
is
main
component
of
RAS,
and
it
has
been
implicated
various
disorders
brain.
ACE
other
RAS
components,
including
related
ACE2,
angiotensin
peptides
their
respective
receptors,
can
participate
pathological
state,
as
well
to
contribute
neuroprotection
and/or
complement
existing
treatments
for
psychiatric
illness.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
aimed
identify
studies
describing
functions
ACEs
association
disorders.
These
include
neurodegenerative
such
Parkinson's
Alzheimer's
diseases,
illnesses
schizophrenia,
bipolar
disorder,
depression.
We
also
discuss
possible
a
functional
polymorphism
gene
these
diseases
relevance
neuroprotective
anti‐inflammatory
properties
inhibitors
(ACEis)
receptor
blockers
(ARBs).
Based
on
this,
conclude
that
there
significant
value
inclusion
ACEis
ARBs
novel
integrated
approach
treatment
brain,
particularly
image
Neuropharmacology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
232, С. 109524 - 109524
Опубликована: Март 31, 2023
Opioid
use
disorder
(OUD)
is
a
chronic
brain
disease
which
originates
from
long-term
neuroadaptations
that
develop
after
repeated
opioid
consumption
and
withdrawal
episodes.
These
lead
among
other
things
to
the
development
of
negative
affect,
includes
loss
motivation
for
natural
rewards,
higher
anxiety,
social
deficits,
heightened
stress
reactivity,
an
inability
identify
describe
emotions,
physical
and/or
emotional
pain,
malaise,
dysphoria,
sleep
disorders
irritability.
The
urge
relief
this
affect
one
major
causes
relapse,
thus
represents
critical
challenge
treatment
relapse
prevention.
Animal
models
induced
by
have
recapitulated
state
with
signs
such
as
anhedonia,
increased
anxiety
responses,
despair-like
behaviour
deficits
in
interaction.
This
research
has
been
determine
neurocircuitry
adaptations
during
administration
or
upon
withdrawal.
In
review,
we
summarize
recent
literature
rodent
(i)
acute
withdrawal,
(ii)
protracted
abstinence
passive
opioids,
(iii)
self-administration.
Finally,
involved
abstinence.
article
part
Special
Issue
on
"Opioid-induced
changes
addiction
pain
circuits".
Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
The
nucleus
accumbens
(NAc),
a
central
component
of
the
brain's
reward
circuitry,
has
been
implicated
in
wide
range
behaviors
and
emotional
states.
Emerging
evidence,
primarily
drawing
from
recent
rodent
studies,
suggests
that
function
NAc
aversion
processing
is
multifaceted.
Prolonged
stress
or
drug
use
induces
maladaptive
neuronal
which
results
pathological
conditions.
This
review
aims
to
provide
comprehensive
up-to-date
insights
on
role
motivated
behavior
regulation
highlights
areas
demand
further
in-depth
analysis.
It
synthesizes
latest
findings
how
distinct
populations
pathways
contribute
opposite
valences.
examines
neuromodulators,
especially
monoamines,
influence
NAc's
control
over
various
motivational
Furthermore,
it
delves
into
complex
underlying
mechanisms
psychiatric
disorders
such
as
addiction
depression
evaluates
prospective
interventions
restore
functionality.
Neurobiology of Stress,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
30, С. 100618 - 100618
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024
Alcohol
Use
Disorder
(AUD)
is
a
leading
cause
of
death
and
disability
worldwide,
but
current
treatments
are
insufficient
in
fully
addressing
the
symptoms
that
often
lead
to
relapses
alcohol
consumption.
The
brain's
serotonin
system
has
been
implicated
AUD
for
decades
major
regulator
stress-related
behaviors
associated
with
increased
This
review
will
discuss
literature
on
association
between
neurobiological
adaptations
systems
humans
as
well
effectiveness
receptor
manipulations
alcohol-related
like
consumption
withdrawal.
We
further
how
these
findings
relate
animal
models,
including
comparison
systemic
pharmacological
modulating
next
provide
detailed
overview
brain
region-specific
roles
signaling
preclinical
highlighting
complexity
forming
cohesive
model
function
providing
possible
avenues
more
effective
therapeutic
intervention.
Throughout
review,
we
what
known
about
sex
differences
sequelae
role
sequelae.
stress
critical
need
additional
studies
women
female
animals
so
may
build
clearer
path
elucidating
sex-specific
serotonergic
mechanisms
develop
better
treatments.
