Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is new multidisciplinary field that garnering lot of interest and investigation. shows great potential for cancer diagnosis treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in diagnostics enable high sensitivity high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches labeling are also made possible the use nanoprobes nanobiosensors. The achievement targeted medication delivery therapy accomplished through rational design manufacture nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have capability effectively transport medications or gene fragments tissues via passive active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm healthy tissues. Simultaneously, context radiation sensitization photothermal enhance therapeutic efficacy malignant tumors. This review presents literature overview summary how nanotechnology used According oncological diseases originating from different systems body combining pathophysiological features cancers at sites, we most recent developments applications. Finally, briefly discuss prospects challenges cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanics in the nervous system: From development to disease

Neuron, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 112(3), С. 342 - 361

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

Physical forces are ubiquitous in biological processes across scales and diverse contexts. This review highlights the significance of mechanical nervous system development, homeostasis, disease. We provide an overview signals present delve into mechanotransduction mechanisms translating these cues biochemical signals. During regulate a plethora processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, network formation, cortex folding. Forces then continue exerting their influence on physiological such as neuronal activity, glial function, interplay between different types. Notably, changes tissue mechanics manifest neurodegenerative diseases brain tumors, potentially offering new diagnostic therapeutic target opportunities. Understanding role cellular physiology pathology adds facet to neurobiology, shedding light many that remain incompletely understood.

Язык: Английский

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Heterogeneity and tumoral origin of medulloblastoma in the single-cell era

Oncogene, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(12), С. 839 - 850

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Medulloblastoma is one of the most common malignant pediatric brain tumors derived from posterior fossa. The current treatment includes maximal safe surgical resection, radiotherapy, whole cranio-spinal radiation and adjuvant with chemotherapy. However, it can only limitedly prolong survival time severe side effects relapse. Defining intratumoral heterogeneity, cellular origin identifying interaction network within tumor microenvironment are helpful for understanding mechanisms medulloblastoma tumorigenesis Due to technological limitations, heterogeneity have not been fully understood. Recently, emergence single-cell technology has provided a powerful tool achieving goal tumorigenesis. Several studies demonstrated each subtype utilizing RNA-seq, which uncovered before using conventional technologies. In this review, we present an overview progress in discuss novel findings age

Язык: Английский

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A forward genetic screen identifies potassium channel essentiality in SHH medulloblastoma maintenance

Developmental Cell, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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OLIG2 mediates a rare targetable stem cell fate transition in sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical properties of the brain: Focus on the essential role of Piezo1‐mediated mechanotransduction in the CNS

Brain and Behavior, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(9)

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2023

Abstract Background The brain is a highly mechanosensitive organ, and changes in the mechanical properties of tissue influence many physiological pathological processes. Piezo type ion channel component 1 (Piezo1), protein found metazoans, expressed involved sensing microenvironment. Numerous studies have shown that Piezo1‐mediated mechanotransduction closely related to glial cell activation neuronal function. However, precise role Piezo1 requires further elucidation. Objective This review first discusses roles regulating functions variety cells, then briefly assesses impact on progression dysfunctional disorders. Conclusions Mechanical signaling contributes significantly regulates processes such as differentiation, migration, axon guidance, neural regeneration, oligodendrocyte myelination. Additionally, plays significant normal aging injury, well development various diseases, including demyelinating Alzheimer's disease, tumors. Investigating pathophysiological mechanisms through which affects function will give us novel entry point for diagnosis treatment numerous diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanosensitive Ion Channels: Their Physiological Importance and Potential Key Role in Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(18), С. 13710 - 13710

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2023

Mechanosensitive ion channels comprise a broad group of proteins that sense mechanical extracellular and intracellular changes, translating them into cation influx to adapt respond these physical cues. All cells in the organism are mechanosensitive, cues have proven an important role regulating proliferation, cell fate differentiation, migration cellular stress, among other processes. Indeed, properties matrix cancer change drastically due high proliferation modification protein secretion, suggesting contribution tumor regulation. In this review, we describe physiological significance mechanosensitive channels, emphasizing their immunity, providing compelling proof importance continuing explore potential as new therapeutic targets research.

Язык: Английский

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Addressing blood-brain-tumor-barrier heterogeneity in pediatric brain tumors with innovative preclinical models

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

Brain tumors represent the leading cause of disease-related mortality and morbidity in children, with effective treatments urgently required. One factor limiting effectiveness systemic therapy is blood-brain-barrier (BBB), which limits brain penetration many anticancer drugs. BBB integrity often compromised tumors, referred to as blood-brain-tumor-barrier (BBTB), impact a BBTB on therapeutic sensitivity has been clearly shown for few selected agents. However, heterogeneity barrier alteration observed within single tumor across distinct pediatric types represents an additional challenge. Herein, we discuss what known regarding tumor-associated vasculature tumors. We innovative complementary preclinical model systems that will facilitate real-time functional analyses all types. believe broader use these models enable us develop greater understanding processes underlying formation ultimately more efficacious treatment options.

Язык: Английский

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Pan-cancer ion transport signature reveals functional regulators of glioblastoma aggression

The EMBO Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(2), С. 196 - 224

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Ion channels, transporters, and other ion-flux controlling proteins, collectively comprising the "ion permeome", are common drug targets, however, their roles in cancer remain understudied. Our integrative pan-cancer transcriptome analysis shows that genes encoding ion permeome significantly more often highly expressed specific subsets of samples, compared to pan-transcriptome expectations. To enable target selection, we identified 410 survival-associated IP 33 types using a machine-learning approach. Notably, GJB2 SCN9A show prominent expression neoplastic cells associated with poor prognosis glioblastoma, most aggressive brain cancer. or knockdown patient-derived glioblastoma induces transcriptome-wide changes involving neuron projection proliferation pathways, impairs cell viability tumor sphere formation vitro, perturbs tunneling nanotube dynamics, extends survival glioblastoma-bearing mice. Thus, aberrant activation transport proteins appears as feature defining heterogeneity, which can be exploited for mechanistic insights therapy development.

Язык: Английский

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Breaking the barrier: Nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy as the new vanguard in brain tumor treatment

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

The pursuit of effective treatments for brain tumors has increasingly focused on the promising area nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy (NERT). This review elucidates context and significance NERT, with a particular emphasis its application in tumor therapy—a field where traditional often encounter obstacles due to blood-brain barrier (BBB) cells’ inherent resistance. aims this include synthesizing recent advancements, analyzing action mechanisms, assessing clinical potential challenges associated nanoparticle (NP) use enhancement. Preliminary preclinical studies have established foundation demonstrating that nanoparticles (NPs) can serve as radiosensitizers, thereby intensifying radiotherapy’s efficacy. Investigations into various NP types, such metallic, magnetic, polymeric, each unveiled distinct interactions ionizing radiation, leading an augmented destruction cells. These interactions, encompassing physical dose enhancement biological chemical radio sensitization, are crucial NERT strategy. Although their early phases, initial trials shown results terms response rates survival, albeit mindful consideration toxicity profiles. examines pivotal affirming NERT’s efficacy safety. NPs revolutionize by overcoming targeted delivery, reducing off-target effects, harmonizing other modalities. Future directions refining formulations, personalizing therapies, navigating regulatory pathways. holds promise transform treatment provide hope patients.

Язык: Английский

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