bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2024
Prior
reward
is
a
potent
cue
for
attentional
capture,
but
the
underlying
neurobiology
largely
unknown.
In
novel
whisker
touch
detection
task,
we
show
that
mice
flexibly
shift
attention
between
specific
whiskers
on
trial-by-trial
timescale,
guided
by
recent
history
of
stimulus-reward
association.
Two-photon
calcium
imaging
and
spike
recordings
revealed
robust
neurobiological
correlate
in
somatosensory
cortex
(S1),
boosting
sensory
responses
to
attended
L2/3
L5,
not
L4.
Attentional
pyramidal
cells
was
topographically
precise
whisker-specific,
shifted
receptive
fields
toward
whisker.
VIP
interneurons
were
broadly
activated
stimuli,
motion,
arousal
did
carry
whisker-specific
signal,
thus
mediate
spatially
focused
tactile
attention.
Together,
these
findings
establish
new
model
focal
mouse
system,
showing
stimuli
rewards
past
can
dynamically
engage
local
modulation
cortical
maps
guide
flexible
shifts
ongoing
behavior.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024
Stimulation
of
specific
cell
groups
under
different
network
regimes
(e.g.,
spontaneous
activity
or
sensory-evoked
activity)
can
provide
insights
into
the
neural
dynamics
cortical
columns.
While
these
protocols
are
challenging
to
perform
experimentally,
modelling
serve
as
a
powerful
tool
for
such
explorations.
Using
detailed
electrophysiological
and
anatomical
data
from
mouse
V1,
we
modeled
spiking
model
column
microcircuit.
This
incorporates
pyramidal
cells
three
distinct
interneuron
types
(PV,
SST,
VIP
cells,
specified
per
lamina),
well
dynamic
voltage-dependent
properties
AMPA,
GABA,
NMDA
receptors.
We
first
demonstrate
that
thalamocortical
feedforward
(FF)
feedback
(FB)
stimuli
arriving
in
have
opposite
effects,
leading
net
columnar
excitation
inhibition
respectively
revealing
translaminar
gain
control
via
full-column
by
layer
6.
then
perturb
one
group
(defined
type
layer)
at
time
observe
effects
on
other
states:
spontaneous,
feedforward-driven,
feedback-driven,
combination
feedback.
Our
findings
reveal
when
same
is
perturbed,
response
may
vary
significantly
based
its
state,
with
strong
sensory
input
decreasing
sensitivity
all
perturbations
serving
modulator
intra
interactions.
Given
changes
within
neuronal
populations
difficult
predict
priori
considering
practical
challenges
conducting
experiments,
our
computational
simulations
critical
outcomes
assist
design
future
experimental
planning.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024
The
plasticity
of
inhibitory
interneurons
(INs)
plays
an
important
role
in
the
organization
and
maintenance
cortical
microcircuits.
Given
many
different
IN
types,
there
is
even
greater
diversity
synapse-type-specific
learning
rules
at
excitatory
to
(E→I),
I→E,
I→I
synapses.
synapses
play
a
key
disinhibitory
circuits.
Because
they
typically
target
other
INs,
vasoactive
intestinal
peptide
(VIP)
INs
are
often
featured
I→I→E
disinhibition,
which
upregulates
activity
nearby
neurons.
VIP
dysregulation
may
thus
lead
neuropathologies
such
as
epilepsy.
In
spite
regulatory
their
long-term
has
not
been
described.
Therefore,
we
characterized
phenomenology
spike-timing-dependent
(STDP)
inputs
outputs
genetically
defined
INs.
Using
combination
whole-cell
recording,
2-photon
microscopy,
optogenetics,
explored
STDP
layer
2/3
(L2/3)
onto
L5
Martinotti
cells
(MCs)
basket
(BCs).
We
found
that
IN→MC
underwent
causal
depression
(LTD)
was
presynaptically
expressed.
IN→BC
connections,
however,
did
undergo
any
detectable
plasticity.
Conversely,
using
extracellular
stimulation,
E→I
revealed
potentiation
(LTP)
for
both
acausal
timings.
Taken
together,
our
results
demonstrate
possess
outputs.
This
suggests
possibility
harnessing
control
activity-related
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2022
Abstract
Task-switching
is
a
fundamental
cognitive
ability
that
allows
animals
to
update
their
knowledge
of
current
rules
or
contexts.
Detecting
discrepancies
between
predicted
and
observed
events
essential
for
this
process.
However,
little
known
about
how
the
brain
computes
prediction-errors
whether
neural
prediction-error
signals
are
causally
related
task-switching
behaviours.
Here
we
trained
mice
use
switch,
in
single
trial,
responding
same
stimuli
using
two
distinct
rules.
Optogenetic
silencing
un-silencing,
together
with
widefield
two-photon
calcium
imaging
revealed
anterior
cingulate
cortex
(ACC)
was
specifically
required
rapid
task-switching,
but
only
when
it
exhibited
signals.
These
were
projection-target
dependent
larger
preceding
successful
behavioural
transitions.
An
all-optical
approach
disinhibitory
interneuron
circuit
computation.
results
reveal
mechanism
computing
transitioning
states.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
Abstract
Gain
modulation
allows
neurons
to
dynamically
adjust
their
responsiveness
sensory
inputs
without
changing
selectivity.
While
this
process
is
well-characterized
in
areas,
its
role
higher-order
brain
regions,
like
those
governing
spatial
navigation
and
memory,
unclear.
Here,
we
used
all-optical
methods
mice
performing
a
task
demonstrate
that
vasoactive-intestinal
peptide
(VIP)-expressing
selectively
control
the
gain
of
place
fields
retrosplenial
cortex
(RSC)
through
disinhibition.
Optogenetic
manipulation
revealed
disinhibition
amplifies
in-field
activity,
improving
coding
accuracy.
In
contrast,
VIP
hippocampus
have
minimal
impact
on
field
gain.
Notably,
simulations
indicate
benefit
for
RSC
cells
exceptionally
large
compared
hippocampal
due
much
higher
out-of-field
activity
and,
therefore,
lower
signal-to-noise
ratio.
These
findings
reveal
an
area-specific
specialization
VIP-mediated
control,
enhancing
potentially,
formation
new
memories.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024
ABSTRACT
Neurons
in
primary
visual
cortex
are
driven
by
feedforward
inputs
and
top-down
contextual
inputs.
The
nature
of
this
information
is
difficult
to
study,
as
responses
overlap
time
disentangle
experimentally.
To
address
issue,
we
measured
natural
images
partially
occluded
versions
these
the
mice.
Assessing
neuronal
before
after
familiarizing
mice
with
non-occluded
allowed
us
study
experience-dependent
stimulus-specific
pyramidal
cells
(PyCs)
cortical
layers
2/3
5
absence
input.
Surprisingly,
same
retinotopic
region
cortex,
found
that
separate
populations
PyCs
layer
responded
images.
Responses
selective
for
were
strengthened
upon
familiarization
decoding
analysis
revealed
they
contained
image-specific
information,
suggesting
signaled
predicted
stimuli.
scenes
weaker
familiarized
but
stronger
unfamiliar
images,
neurons
presence
unpredicted
Layer
also
preferring
either
or
inputs,
their
more
complex
strengthening
required
task
engagement.
results
show
experience
decreases
activity
responding
known
increases
tied
expected
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2024
Prior
reward
is
a
potent
cue
for
attentional
capture,
but
the
underlying
neurobiology
largely
unknown.
In
novel
whisker
touch
detection
task,
we
show
that
mice
flexibly
shift
attention
between
specific
whiskers
on
trial-by-trial
timescale,
guided
by
recent
history
of
stimulus-reward
association.
Two-photon
calcium
imaging
and
spike
recordings
revealed
robust
neurobiological
correlate
in
somatosensory
cortex
(S1),
boosting
sensory
responses
to
attended
L2/3
L5,
not
L4.
Attentional
pyramidal
cells
was
topographically
precise
whisker-specific,
shifted
receptive
fields
toward
whisker.
VIP
interneurons
were
broadly
activated
stimuli,
motion,
arousal
did
carry
whisker-specific
signal,
thus
mediate
spatially
focused
tactile
attention.
Together,
these
findings
establish
new
model
focal
mouse
system,
showing
stimuli
rewards
past
can
dynamically
engage
local
modulation
cortical
maps
guide
flexible
shifts
ongoing
behavior.
