The Thermal Stress Coping Network of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(23), С. 14907 - 14907

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2022

Response to hyperthermia, highly conserved from bacteria humans, involves transcriptional upregulation of genes involved in battling the cytotoxicity caused by misfolded and denatured proteins, with aim proteostasis restoration. C. elegans senses responds changes growth temperature or noxious thermal stress well-defined signaling pathways. Under adverse conditions, regulation heat shock response (HSR) is controlled a single transcription factor, heat-shock factor 1 (HSF-1). HSR HSF-1 particular are proven be central survival under proteotoxic stress, additional roles normal physiological processes. For years, it was common belief that proteins (HSPs) main most important step toward thermotolerance. However, an ever-growing number studies have shown targets cytoskeletal exoskeletal integrity preservation as well other dependent independent pathways equally important. In this review, we follow stimulus reception nematode nerve endings till activation cellular programs. We analyze different functions all recently discovered mechanisms add knowledge coping network elegans.

Язык: Английский

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Anatomical restructuring of a lateralized neural circuit during associative learning by asymmetric insulin signaling

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(18), С. 3835 - 3850.e6

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. and Cuscuta chinensis Lam. extract relieves insulin resistance via PI3K/Akt signalling in diabetic Drosophila

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 424 - 434

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly characterized by insulin resistance (IR) induced hyperglycaemia and insufficient secretion. We employed a diabetic fly model to examine the effect molecular mechanism of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. Cuscuta chinensis Lam. (AMK–CCL) extract as traditional Chinese medicine in treating IR T2DM. The contents active ingredients (rhamnose, xylose, mannose, hyperoside) AMK–CCL were determined high-performance liquid chromatography. Wild-type (Cg-GAL4/+) or (Cg > InRK1409A) Drosophila flies divided into control group metformin (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 g/ml) groups. Food intake, haemolymph glucose trehalose, protein, weight, triglycerides (TAG), glycogen measured assess glycolipid metabolism. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling was detected using fluorescent reporters [tGPH, forkhead box O (dFoxO)–green protein (GFP), Glut1–GFP, 2-NBDG] vivo. Glut1/3 mRNA levels Akt phosphorylation quantitative polymerase chain reaction western blotting, respectively, vitro. contained 0.038 % rhamnose, 0.017 0.69 0.039 hyperoside. at 0.0125 g/mL significantly suppressed increase circulating glucose, decrease body TAG, flies. improved PI3K activity, phosphorylation, expression, uptake flies, also rescued diabetes-induced dFoxO nuclear localisation. These findings indicate that ameliorates IR-induced via PI3K/Akt pathway, providing an experimental basis for clinical treatment.

Язык: Английский

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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural mediated developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster

Food and Chemical Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 189, С. 114738 - 114738

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Molecular characterization and functional identification of the insulin-like peptides receptor gene in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense

Aquaculture Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36, С. 102190 - 102190

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

The insulin-like signaling pathway plays diverse biological roles in regulating metabolism, immune responses, growth, and development invertebrates. peptides (ILP) receptor (ILPR) is the pivotal protein any pathway. In our previous study, we cloned Mn-ILP gene from oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense elucidated its function. However, ILPR has not yet been described M. nipponense. present further examined function of Mn-ILPR full length mRNA was 4790 bp, encoding 1412 amino acids. a transmembrane under subfamily tyrosine kinases. predominantly expressed muscle hepatopancreas. To elucidate Mn-ILPR, investigated expression different growth stages prawns both sexes, sizes at same time, size molt cycle using qRT-PCR. markedly higher: (1) rapid stage than other male individuals; (2) normal gonad female (3) large individuals small (4) intermolt cycle. Furthermore, long-term knockdown by RNAi effectively delayed speed Meanwhile, short-term revealed that ILP-ILPR signal played part process These findings provide greater understanding molecular mechanisms underlying crustaceans.

Язык: Английский

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The neurohormone tyramine stimulates the secretion of an insulin-like peptide from the Caenorhabditis elegans intestine to modulate the systemic stress response

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(1), С. e3002997 - e3002997

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025

The DAF-2/insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway plays an evolutionarily conserved role in regulating reproductive development, life span, and stress resistance. In Caenorhabditis elegans , DAF-2/IIS is modulated by extensive array of insulin-like peptides (ILPs) with diverse spatial temporal expression patterns. However, the release dynamics specific functions these ILPs adapting to different environmental conditions remain poorly understood. Here, we show that ILP, insulin-3 (INS-3), a crucial modulating response various stressors C. . ins-3 mutants display increased resistance heat, oxidative stress, starvation; however, this advantage countered slower development under favorable conditions. We find downregulated stressors, whereas, neurohormone tyramine, which released during acute flight response, increases expression. tyramine induces intestinal calcium (Ca 2+ ) transients through activation TYRA-3 receptor. Our data support model negatively impacts stimulating INS-3 from intestine via TYRA-3-G α q -IP3 pathway. systemically activates DAF-2 pathway, resulting inhibition cytoprotective mechanisms mediated DAF-16/FOXO. These studies offer mechanistic insights into brain–gut communication weighs adaptive strategies respond long-term stressors.

Язык: Английский

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Involvement of the ovarian-specific Mro-IR in oogonia differentiation and oocyte development in freshwater giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

Mro-IR is an insulin-like receptor and uniquely expressed in the ovary of freshwater giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. However, understanding this conserved involved molecular mechanism underpinning ovarian development female reproduction M. rosenbergii still fragmentary. In present study, vivo knockdown proliferative stage premature induced abnormal oogonia differentiation disordered oocyte development. The histological analysis showed that Mro-IR-silencing caused cellular morphology some early vitellogenic oocytes (Oc2) significantly delayed proliferation late (Oc3) ovary. Meanwhile, silence led to Oc3 with indistinct boundary destructive structure yolk accumulation Furthermore, expound potential roles development, a large amount new data on differentially upregulated downregulated transcriptions was enriched, response primary Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) biological pathways investigated. Their possible regulatory relationships gonad were briefly illustrated putative intuitive cascade regulation axis or networks. This finding offered insight regarding IR gene family crustaceans.

Язык: Английский

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The Coordination of Pathways in Metazoans: An Integrated Framework

Biological Theory, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Esculetin Inhibits Fat Accumulation Through Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor- and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase-Dependent Pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(9), С. 1565 - 1565

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Background: Esculetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin, is a bioactive compound found in various herbal plants, and known to have health-beneficial properties including anti-obesity effects. However, there lack of vivo studies clearly determine esculetin's role lipid metabolism. Objectives: In this study, we studied effect on accumulation using Caenorhabditis elegans its underlying mechanisms. Methods:C. were treated with esculetin (100 or 200 μM) for 48 h, their triglyceride protein levels measured. Additionally, behavioral patterns such as pharyngeal pumping rate, body bending sizes, locomotive activity analyzed. Genetic dependencies examined by utilizing mutant worms testing relative gene expressions. Results:C. displayed significantly reduced fat compared the controls without effects activity. Esculetin's fat-lowering was dependent DAF-2 (insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1] receptor homolog), DAF-16 (Forkhead box O AAK-2 (5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase [AMPK] catalytic subunit α2) experiments. Esculetin also increased expression downstream targets (hsp-16.2 sod-3), AMPK-related genes (aak-1 aak-2), sirtuin gene, sir-2.1, lipolysis-related atgl-1. Conclusions: These findings suggest that inhibited C. insulin/IGF-1 5'-adenosine signaling pathways.

Язык: Английский

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Crustacean endocrinology

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

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