Gastric
cancer
(GC)
continues
to
pose
a
major
health
issue
worldwide,
and
diagnoses
made
at
advanced
stages
frequently
result
in
unfavorable
outcomes.
The
metastatic
spread
of
GC
presents
substantial
therapeutic
challenges,
necessitating
deeper
understanding
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
its
interactions
with
cells.
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
small
non-coding
RNA
molecules
that
regulate
gene
expression
have
been
identified
as
key
factors
metastasis
GC.
This
review
explores
biogenesis
functional
mechanisms
miRNAs,
highlighting
their
dual
roles
oncogenes
suppressors
metastasis.
We
discuss
specific
miRNAs
facilitate
progression
by
influencing
pathways
related
invasion,
angiogenesis,
immune
evasion.
Furthermore,
we
examine
potential
diagnostic
prognostic
biomarkers,
offering
insights
into
utility
timely
identification
tailored
approaches.
By
elucidating
complex
regulatory
networks
involving
this
underscores
significance
both
targets
biomarkers
management
gastric
cancer.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
160, С. 114392 - 114392
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023
Prostate
cancer
is
among
most
malignant
tumors
around
the
world
and
this
urological
tumor
can
be
developed
as
result
of
genomic
mutations
their
accumulation
during
progression
towards
advanced
stage.
Due
to
lack
specific
symptoms
in
early
stages
prostate
cancer,
patients
are
diagnosed
that
cells
display
low
response
chemotherapy.
Furthermore,
enhance
aggressiveness
cells.
Docetaxel
paclitaxel
suggested
well-known
compounds
for
chemotherapy
they
possess
a
similar
function
therapy
based
on
inhibiting
depolymerization
microtubules,
impairing
balance
microtubules
subsequent
delay
cell
cycle
progression.
The
aim
current
review
highlight
mechanisms
docetaxel
resistance
cancer.
When
oncogenic
factors
such
CD133
upregulation
PTEN
tumor-suppressor
shows
decrease
expression,
malignancy
enhances
induce
drug
resistance.
phytochemicals
anti-tumor
have
been
utilized
suppressing
chemoresistance
Naringenin
lovastatin
used
enhancing
sensitivity.
Moreover,
nanostructures
polymeric
micelles
nanobubbles
delivery
decreasing
risk
development.
These
subjects
highlighted
provide
new
insight
reversing
Pharmacological Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
191, С. 106777 - 106777
Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2023
Oxidative
stress
(OS)
is
a
chemical
imbalance
between
an
oxidant
and
antioxidant,
causing
damage
to
redox
signaling
control
or
molecular
damage.
Unbalanced
oxidative
metabolism
can
produce
excessive
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS).
These
excess
ROS
cause
drastic
changes
in
platelet
further
affect
function.
It
will
also
lead
increase
procoagulant
phenotype
cell
apoptosis,
which
the
risk
of
thrombosis.
The
creation
subsequent
activation,
adhesion,
recruitment
are
then
encouraged
auto-amplifying
loop
by
produced
from
platelets.
Meanwhile,
cancer
cells
higher
concentration
due
their
fast
high
proliferation
rate.
However,
result
modification
cellular
macromolecules.
formation
its
progression
strongly
associated
with
resulting
In
addition,
platelets
important
part
tumor
microenvironment,
there
significant
cross-communication
cells.
Cancer
alter
activation
status
platelets,
RNA
spectrum,
proteome,
other
properties.
"cloaking"
providing
physical
protection，avoiding
destruction
shear
attack
immune
cells,
promoting
invasion.We
explored
vicious
circle
interaction
ROS,
this
review,
we
believe
that
play
stimulative
role
growth
metastasis
through
Oral
squamous
cell
carcinoma
(OSCC)
is
a
highly
aggressive
malignancy
with
poor
prognosis,
mainly
due
to
the
presence
of
cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs),
small
subpopulation
that
contribute
therapy
resistance
and
tumor
progression.
The
principal
objective
this
study
was
investigate
role
miRNA-21
in
maintenance
stemness
possibility
altering
it.
CD44
antigen
used
as
marker
for
CSC
isolation
from
oral
cultures.
CD44+
CD44-
populations
were
sorted
via
magnetic
separation.
inhibition
performed
transfection.
possessed
significantly
higher
migration
invasion
potential
compared
cells,
levels
(p
=
0.004)
β-catenin
0.005),
lower
BAX
0.015).
reduced
migration,
invasion,
colony
formation
while
increasing
apoptosis.
Stemness
markers
downregulated
following
inhibition:
OCT4
0.013),
SOX2
0.008),
NANOG
0.0001),
well
gene
(CTNNB1)
<
0.05),
an
important
member
WNT
signaling
pathway.
Apoptotic
activity
enhanced,
significant
downregulation
antiapoptotic
Bcl-2
0.008)
gene.
In
conclusion,
plays
critical
regulation
properties.
Targeting
inhibiting
could
represent
promising
novel
strategy
OSCC
treatment.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract
Metastasis,
the
leading
cause
of
mortality
in
cancer
patients,
presents
challenges
for
conventional
photodynamic
therapy
(PDT)
due
to
its
reliance
on
localized
light
and
oxygen
application
tumors.
To
overcome
these
limitations,
a
self‐sustained
organelle‐mimicking
nanoreactor
is
developed
here
with
programmable
DNA
switches
that
enables
bio‐chem‐photocatalytic
cascade‐driven
starvation‐photodynamic
synergistic
against
tumor
metastasis.
Emulating
compartmentalization
positional
assembly
strategies
found
living
cells,
this
nano‐organelle
reactor
allows
quantitative
co‐compartmentalization
multiple
functional
modules
designed
self‐illuminating
chemiexcited
PDT
system.
Within
space‐confined
nanoreactor,
biofuel
glucose
converted
hydrogen
peroxide
(H
2
O
)
which
enhances
luminol‐based
chemiluminescence
(CL),
consequently
driving
generation
photochemical
singlet
(
1
via
resonance
energy
transfer.
Meanwhile,
hemoglobin
functions
as
synchronized
supplier
both
oxidation
PDT,
while
also
exhibiting
peroxidase‐like
activity
produce
hydroxyl
radicals
(·OH).
Crucially,
keeps
switching
off
normal
tissues,
on‐demand
activation
tumors
through
toehold‐mediated
strand
displacement.
These
findings
demonstrate
self‐sufficient
precise
striking
tumors,
promising
paradigm
managing
highly
metastatic
cancers.
Life,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(10), С. 2033 - 2033
Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2023
The
development
of
therapy
resistance
still
represents
a
major
hurdle
in
treating
cancers,
leading
to
impaired
treatment
success
and
increased
patient
morbidity.
establishment
minimally
invasive
liquid
biopsies
is
promising
approach
improving
the
early
diagnosis,
as
well
monitoring,
solid
tumors.
Because
their
manifold
functions
tumor
microenvironment,
tumor-associated
small
extracellular
vesicles,
referred
exosomes,
have
become
subject
intense
research.
Besides
important
roles
cancer
progression,
metastasis,
immune
response,
it
has
been
proposed
that
exosomes
also
contribute
acquisition
transfer
resistance,
mainly
by
delivering
functional
proteins
RNAs,
facilitating
export
active
drugs
or
functioning
decoys.
Extensive
research
focused
on
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
occurrence
translating
these
into
strategies
for
detection.
With
this
review,
we
want
provide
an
overview
current
knowledge
about
(patho-)biology
state-of-the-art
methods
isolation
analysis.
Furthermore,
highlight
role
tumorigenesis
treatment,
where
they
can
function
therapeutic
agents,
biomarkers,
and/or
targets.
By
focusing
will
reveal
new
paths
exploiting
diagnosis
treatment.
Cell Death and Disease,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(5)
Опубликована: Май 3, 2024
Abstract
Ovarian
cancer
is
one
of
the
common
tumors
female
reproductive
organs.
It
has
a
high
mortality
rate,
highly
heterogeneous,
and
early
detection
primary
prevention
are
very
complex.
Autophagy
cellular
process
in
which
cytoplasmic
substrates
targeted
for
degradation
lysosomes
through
membrane
structures
called
autophagosomes.
The
periodic
elimination
damaged,
aged,
redundant
molecules
or
organelles
sequential
translation
between
amino
acids
proteins
by
two
biological
processes,
protein
synthesis,
autophagic
degradation,
helps
maintain
homeostasis.
A
growing
number
studies
have
found
that
autophagy
plays
key
regulatory
role
ovarian
cancer.
Interestingly,
microRNAs
regulate
gene
expression
at
posttranscriptional
level
thus
can
development
progression
regulation
Certain
miRNAs
recently
emerged
as
important
regulators
autophagy-related
cells.
Moreover,
miRNA
analysis
now
identified
sea
aberrantly
expressed
tissues
affect
In
addition,
plasma
stromal
cells
tumor
patients
genes
be
used
biomarkers
progression.
This
review
focuses
on
potential
significance
miRNA-regulated
diagnosis
treatment
