Analysis of differences in fossil fuel consumption in the world based on the fractal time series and complex network
Frontiers in Physics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Fossil
fuels
remain
indispensable
energy
resources
despite
their
non-renewable
nature.
Understanding
the
patterns
of
global
fossil
fuel
consumption
is
essential
for
security
and
policy-making.
This
study
employs
complex
network
theory
fractal
time
series
analysis
to
explore
underlying
dynamics
globally,
with
a
focus
on
coal,
oil,
gas
consumption.The
applies
Hurst
index
raw
data
identify
characteristics.
Additionally,
visibility
graph
method
used
convert
into
networks,
allowing
further
patterns.
The
examines
in
38
countries
assess
trends
differences.
reveals
that
follows
pattern,
values
exceeding
0.9,
indicating
long-term
memory
application
demonstrates
variations
degree
distribution,
enabling
differentiation
across
regions.
also
uncovers
distinct
features
when
viewed
from
perspective.
findings
suggest
has
predictable
patterns,
which
are
crucial
assessing
future
demands.
highlights
importance
legislative
measures
safeguard
resources,
especially
like
China,
where
international
competitiveness
paramount.
these
could
guide
policies
aimed
at
managing
more
effectively.
Язык: Английский
Optimal Placement and Sizing of RE Generators to Minimize Loss and Improve Voltage Profile in Radial Distribution Network Using PSO
Опубликована: Март 15, 2024
This
paper
designed
a
method
for
size
determination
and
optimal
placement
of
Renewable
energy
generators
(REG)
in
radial
distribution
feeder
(RDF)
using
particle
swarm
optimization
(PSO).
An
objective
function
(OF)
is
formulated
the
loss
real
power
(LOP),
reactive
(LOQ)
summation
deviation
voltages
(DOV)
on
various
nodes
RDF.
OF
minimized
by
placing
REG
different
magnitudes
at
Location
respective
capacity
selected
which
has
minimum
value.
Study
performed
considering
IMV
A,
2MV
3MV
4MV
5MVA.
Performance
proposed
evaluated
terms
indicator
(IRPL),
(IRQL),
voltage
(IVD).
compared
with
genetic
algorithm
(GA)
based
method.
MATLAB
software.
Язык: Английский
Intelligent prediction for the temperature of molten steel after RH treatment
Ironmaking & Steelmaking Processes Products and Applications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
51(7), С. 638 - 650
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
The
cost
of
steelmaking
can
be
saved
by
$0.1
per
ton
steel
if
the
temperature
molten
after
RH
(Ruhstahl
Heraeus)
treatment
drops
1
degree,
so
it
is
necessary
to
control
accurately
in
order
satisfy
superheat
tundish.
Such
a
depends
on
hit
rate
greater
90%
error
range
[Formula:
see
text].
It
more
than
10
years
since
intelligent
models
were
introduced
predict
RH,
but
such
an
issue
still
far
from
being
solved.
Thus,
find
some
methods
solve
this
problem
viewpoints
data
preprocess,
feature
selection
and
modelling.
Numerical
results
show
that
there
are
nine
key
factors
affect
treatment:
temperature,
oxygen
mass
fraction
carbon
before
treatment,
vacuum
time,
consumption,
decarburisation,
aluminium
thickness
slag
layer,
headroom.
And
these
reduced
six
principal
components
component
analysis
method.
Especially,
preprocess
deduce
prediction
improve
effectively.
If
text],
up
45%
for
back-propagation
neural
network
optimised
particle
swarm
optimisation
when
set
jumps
711
samples
471
samples,
reach
92.2%
case
selection.
Язык: Английский
SIC-Free Based Indoor Two-User NOMA-VLCP System
Photonics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(12), С. 1122 - 1122
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
In
this
letter,
an
integrated
dual-user
visible
light
communication
and
positioning
(VLCP)
system
based
on
non-orthogonal
multiple
access
(NOMA)
is
proposed.
The
consists
of
a
single
light-emitting
diode
(LED)
five
photodiodes
(PD),
the
adaptive
feedback
threshold
(AFT)
algorithm
used
to
reduce
error
propagation
(EP)
improve
noise
immunity.
particle
swarm
optimization
(PSO)
employed
construct
joint
function
that
optimizes
power
allocation
factor
two
users
roll-off
coefficient
square-root-raised-cosine(SRRC)
filter.
simulation
results
demonstrate
that,
in
given
indoor
environment,
bit
ratio
(BER)
each
user
proposed
lower
than
front
correction
(FEC)
limit
average
errors
are
4.62
cm
5.74
respectively.
Язык: Английский