Genome-wide Association Study Shows That Executive Functioning Is Influenced by GABAergic Processes and Is a Neurocognitive Genetic Correlate of Psychiatric Disorders

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 93(1), С. 59 - 70

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Decreased GABA levels of the anterior and posterior cingulate cortex are associated with executive dysfunction in mild cognitive impairment

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

Background and purpose Executive function impairment, a slight but noticeable cognitive deficit in mild impairment (MCI) patients, is influenced by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. Reduced accompanied thinning of the cerebral cortex, which has higher GABA levels than white matter. However, relationships among levels, cortical thickness, executive MCI patients have not yet been elucidated. We investigated patients. Methods In this study, total 36 sex-, age-, education-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. But 33 35 HC included because head motion or poor data quality for three one HC. The plus relative to creatine (GABA+/Cr) glutamate-glutamine (Glx/Cr) anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) posterior (PCC) measured using Meshcher-Garwood point resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) sequence. Metabolite ratios, their interrelationships determined groups. Results Patients with showed lower GABA+/Cr ACC PCC. Combined GABA+ Glx PCC good diagnostic efficacy (AUC: 0.82). no differences thickness found between two group, level was correlated worse performance on digit span test backward, shape trail test-B. associated Conclusion These results implied that decreased had critical role early diagnosis impaired MCI. Therefore, could be potential marker decline

Язык: Английский

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Efficient learning in children with rapid GABA boosting during and after training

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(23), С. 5022 - 5030.e7

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

It is generally thought that children learn more efficiently than adults. One way to accomplish this have learning rapidly stabilized such it not interfered with by subsequent learning. Although γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in stabilization, has been reported GABAergic inhibitory processing fully matured yet compared Does finding indicate efficient due rapid stabilization? Here, we measured the concentration of GABA early visual cortical areas a time-resolved fashion before, during, and after perceptual (VPL) within subjects using functional MRS (fMRS) then concentrations between (8 11 years old) adults (18 35 old). We found exhibited boost during training persisted ended, whereas remained unchanged. Moreover, behavioral experiments showed development resilience retrograde interference, which indicates stabilize VPL much faster These results together suggest children's brains dynamic adapts quickly adults, making children.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship between Canine Behavioral Disorders and Gut Microbiome and Future Therapeutic Perspectives

Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(14), С. 2048 - 2048

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

Canine behavioral disorders have become one of the most common concerns and challenging issues among dog owners. Thus, there is a great demand for knowledge about various factors affecting dogs’ emotions well-being. Among them, gut–brain axis seems to be particularly interesting, especially since in many instances standard treatment or therapies insufficiently improve animal behavior. Therefore, face this challenge, search novel therapeutic methods highly required. Existing data show that mammals’ gut microbiome, immune system, nervous system are continuous communication influence physiology This review aimed summarize discuss important scientific evidence on relationship between mental microbiota dogs, simultaneously presenting comparable outcomes humans rodent models. A comprehensive overview crucial mechanisms included. refers neurotransmitters behavior, which regulated by main microbial metabolites—short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). presents summarized dysbiosis relation inflammation process within organism, as well activation hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. All above presented strict correlation with brain and/or changes animal. Additionally, according human laboratory studies, microbiome appears altered individuals disorders; thus, strategies manipulate implemented. also fecal transplantation (FMT) method, based transferring matter from donor into gastrointestinal tract recipient order modulate microbiota. In review, possible effects FMT procedure discussed.

Язык: Английский

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GABA, Aging and Exercise: Functional and Intervention Considerations

Neuroscience Insights, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The global growth of an aging population is expected to coincide with increase in aging-related pathologies, including those related brain health. Thus, the potential for accelerated cognitive health declines due adverse have profound social and economic implications. However, progression pathological conditions not inevitable part aging. In fact, engaging activities that improve cardiovascular fitness appears be a means offers benefits maintaining and/or improving older age. date, underlying mechanisms responsible improved central nervous system function exercise are yet fully elucidated. Consequently, there considerable interest studies aimed at understanding neurophysiological on One such area study suggests improvements via are, part, driven by recovery inhibitory processes neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). present review, we highlight opposing effects cortical inhibition GABAergic system’s functional integrity. We these changes GABA reviewing work vivo measurements: transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) resonance spectroscopy (MRS). also recent significant technological methodological advances assessing integrity TMS MRS. then discuss future research directions inform mechanistic targeted conclude highlighting significance aging, its influence levels, why better crucial allow more effective interventions ultimately age-related decline

Язык: Английский

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Lactic acid bacteria in fermented dairy foods: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) production and its therapeutic implications

Food Bioscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 62, С. 105276 - 105276

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Effects of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on motor planning: a multimodal signal study

Cognitive Neurodynamics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The role of inhibitory and excitatory neurometabolites in age-related differences in action selection

npj Aging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Aging is accompanied by changes in the level of neurometabolites. However, their role vital behavioral functions still unclear. We aimed to explore impact aging on neurochemical mechanisms underlying action selection. Young (YA) (n = 25) and older adults (OA) 26) performed a simple (SRT) choice (CRT) reaction time tasks. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was utilized track task-induced modulations GABA glutamate sensorimotor cortex (SM1) dorsolateral prefrontal (dlPFC). Results showed that (i) SM1 Glx levels were higher during SRT full sample, (ii) modulation dlPFC predicted better performance only YA, iii) increase related selection learning sample. Our findings highlight an important neurometabolic learning.

Язык: Английский

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“Surviving and Thriving”: evidence for cortical GABA stabilization in cognitively-intact oldest-old adults

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Abstract Age-related alterations in GABAergic function, including depletion of cortical GABA concentrations, is likely associated with declining cognitive performance normative aging. However, the extent to which function perturbed highest-functioning stratum oldest-old (85+) population unknown. For first time, we report stability this population. We extend our previously-reported Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis levels across lifespan, integrating four large cross-sectional datasets sampling cognitively-intact adults. Within lifespan model, slope age-related differences adults flattens after roughly age 80; within only, inclusion does not improve fit models predicting GABA. interpret these findings as an effect survivorship: study required intact cognition, and too great a reduction may be compatible neurophysiological needed for cognition. This work contributes growing body evidence suggesting that successful aging require well further characterizing amongst emphasizing potential target interventions prolong health

Язык: Английский

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Hippocampal and prefrontal GABA and glutamate concentration contribute to component processes of working memory in aging

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Abstract Both animal and human studies indicate that individual variation in the neurometabolites gamma-aminobutyric acid glutamate is linked to cognitive function. Age-related differences these could potentially explain lower ability older age. Working memory—the capacity hold a limited amount of information online for short period—has central role cognition, this also impaired individuals. Here, we investigated relationship between (GABA+) levels composite measure glutamate/glutamine (Glx) hippocampus inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) how neurochemical markers relate working memory younger adults. Across age groups, found significant positive association accuracy Glx IFG, as well negative GABA+ region proactive interference. Age-stratified analyses demonstrated associations components hippocampal/IFG Glx, IFG interference adults only. These results provide novel evidence specific involvement excitatory inhibitory control memory, effects are differentially affected by

Язык: Английский

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