Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(7), С. 1640 - 1640
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025
Polypropylene (PP), a widely used recyclable plastic in packaging and engineering applications, is prone to thermo-oxidative degradation during reprocessing molding at high temperatures. Antioxidants (AOs) are essential for stabilizing PP both its virgin recycled states. The quantity of AO added critical: insufficient amounts can lead poor stabilization, while excessive cause safety concerns due build-up. This study presents modified approach measure the Oxidation Induction Temperature (OIT) using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), particularly from waste that contains unpredictable contaminations. ensures calorimetry cell by limiting oxidation reaction preventing release volatile compounds measurements. By performing DSC measurements inert environments, we obtain OIT, which be correlated residual intact levels. monitoring levels demonstrated open- closed-loop recycling rigid PP. Although presence contamination known catalyze PP, our results indicate open-loop collection still sufficient allows it withstand limited thermal reprocessing. However, this tendency retention leads significant build-up when AOs each cycle, where grade remains fairly homogeneous dispersity (Đ) does not significantly increase over multiple loops.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Polymers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(9), С. 1172 - 1172
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025
The integration of machine learning (ML) has begun to reshape the development advanced polymeric materials used in technical textiles. Polymeric materials, with their versatile properties, are central performance textiles across industries such as healthcare, aerospace, automotive, and construction. By utilizing ML AI, researchers now able design optimize polymers for specific applications more efficiently, predict behavior under extreme conditions, develop smart, responsive that enhance functionality. This review highlights transformative potential polymer-based textiles, enabling advancements waste sorting (with classification accuracy up 100% pure fibers), material (predicting stiffness properties within 10% error), defect prediction (enabling proactive interventions fabric production), smart wearable systems (achieving response times low 192 ms physiological monitoring). AI technologies drives sustainable innovation enhances functionality textile products. Through case studies examples, this provides guidance future research using technologies.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(19), С. 7179 - 7188
Опубликована: Май 7, 2025
A crucial issue in the plastic recycling industry is loss of quality recycled materials due to cross-contamination, which leads excessive material losses. Determining cross-contamination levels recyclate batches fills a gap control, helping identify suitable applications and enhance value stream. key challenge lies selecting sample size that accurately represents large variability within tons processed daily. This work presents data analysis framework estimate determine required meet demands while accounting for both analytical sampling errors. Additionally, this introduces MADSCAN, novel, scale-free thermal technique allows sizes identified by framework. Objectives include providing information stakeholders, assisting regulators establishing control processes, guiding technology providers advancing measurement techniques circular economy, with focus on meeting accuracy requirements.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024
Polyolefins have a multitude of uses across packaging, automotive and construction sectors. Their resistance to degradation during reprocessing enables recyclability, but variability in recycled polymer feedstocks renders it difficult assure their manufacturing suitability. The lack quality control methods has disabled circular economy pathways; product failure is costly, wasteful time-intensive. Using rheology-simulated extrusion-based recycling experiments, we explore the pathways high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Chain scission dominates initial HDPE, increasing exposure O
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
ACS Applied Polymer Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(21), С. 13065 - 13076
Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2024
The recycling of plastics has been gaining traction in the following years as many companies, organizations, and governments are pushing toward a more circular economy. However, plastic rates still small compared to those production, especially for polyolefins, such high-density polyethylene (HDPE) polypropylene (PP). With goal finding applications recycled resin, recyclers can face some challenges associated with heterogeneity polymer properties waste streams, which could hinder full potential due lack consistent feedstock. This study assessed how an additional sorting step HDPE PP separating them into two categories based on previous application, impacts properties, physical, molecular, thermal. It was demonstrated that manually articles previously processed by extrusion blow molding (EBM) or injection (IM) thermoforming (TF) IM yield resins considering significant differences between them. highlights would allow target premium currently unattainable processing postconsumer (PCR) resins, significantly promote increase rates. Nevertheless, development new technologies is needed automate this extra step, scale manual sortation not be feasible cost-effective, reducing attractiveness using PCR comparison virgin ones.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Journal of Separation Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 48(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT In this study, a commercially available polypropylene homopolymer (H‐PP) was blended with blow molding polyethylene (PE) grade via melt mixing using compounding machine. The resulting blends were subjected to high‐temperature size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis, coupled infrared‐5 (IR‐5), viscometer (VISCO), and multi‐angle laser light scattering (MALS) detectors. molecular weight (MW) MW distributions investigated SEC, the exact blend compositions evaluated 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance. molecular‐level of PP/PE composition assessed by comparing theoretical measured weight‐average (Mw) values obtained different SEC detection modes. average Mw VISCO light‐scattering found be in close agreement predicted ratios, compared conventional technique percentage errors ranging from ‐4.53 ‐5.99 1.57 7.65, respectively. linear relationship between flow rate (MFR) studied assess behavior prepared Furthermore, methodology extended other application grades PE varying MFRs verify H‐PP, results are discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Polymer Degradation and Stability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 111365 - 111365
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Environments, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(5), С. 154 - 154
Опубликована: Май 7, 2025
Assessing the detailed characteristics of recycled plastics is essential for evaluating their quality and suitability high-value applications compared to virgin polymers. This review provides a comprehensive overview advanced analytical techniques used characterizing chemical, structural, morphological, physical properties polymeric materials. The examined include Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) techniques, Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Electron Microscopy (SEM). These methods are critically assessed effectiveness in detecting polymer degradation, surface structural alterations, presence contaminants—factors frequently introduced during mechanical recycling processes. For each technique, this outlines working principles, sample preparation protocols, illustrative case studies while discussing advantages, limitations, operational challenges. By synthesizing current knowledge methodological advancements, aims support development robust standardized assessment protocols. Enhancing reliability precision plastic characterization will improve acceptance as high-quality secondary raw materials, thereby facilitating upcycling contributing broader goals circular economy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Polymer Engineering and Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 64(10), С. 4801 - 4815
Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2024
Abstract This study aims to establish a systematic approach for characterizing recycled polyolefins of unknown composition, with specific focus on predicting their performance in film extrusion. We explore various characterization techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and rheometry assess effectiveness identifying the polyethylene (PE) fractions within polypropylene (PP) recyclates. By integrating experimental data modeling we aim provide insights into predictive capabilities these techniques determining processing behaviors. The research highlights superior fidelity DSC relative fraction type PE PP recyclate. FTIR is also identified as high‐fidelity approach, albeit requiring application‐specific calibration. TGA, capillary, oscillatory are recognized ability distinguish between grades but aggregate behaviors rather than detailed constituent information. 3D flow simulation cast extrusion investigated effect viscosity method, non‐isothermal assumption, process settings could not fully replicate observed variations two industrial similar melt rates underscores practical challenge issues prior actual processing, necessitating reliance reliable instrumentation suites human expertise diagnosing remedying variations. Highlights Two materials having exhibit drastically different reasonable approaches materials. Modeling viscosities characterized by capillary parallel plate rheology suggests that power‐law behavior assumed coat hanger die design predominant driver instabilities.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Polymers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(24), С. 3502 - 3502
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024
High volumetric shrinkage and rheological behavior of polypropylene (PP) are the main problems that make material extrusion (MEX) uncommon for this material. The complexity is raised when recycled materials used. This research covered different aspects MEX process virgin PP, from analysis rough to mechanical evaluation final products. Two types PP (one in pellet other filament form) one were analyzed. Thermal characterization these initially employed understand peculiar properties all investigated set extrusion. 3D parts then printed using processed filaments check fabrication quality through visual tests. A well-structured approach was proposed encompass limitations printing by accurately evaluating influence on part performance. results revealed dimensional performances comparable with commonly MEX, making it particularly suitable application.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1