Polymers
are
widely
used
across
the
globe
in
applications
ranging
from
construction
to
biomedical,
with
increasing
usage
as
time
progresses.
However,
despite
their
prevalence
polymers
can
be
highly
flammable
materials,
and
though
this
may
combatted
use
of
flame
retardant
additives,
additives
themselves
have
a
detrimental
effect
on
other
properties
polymeric
material
such
its
aesthetics
or
structural
integrity.
One
solution
is
coatings
which
applied
surface
polymer,
instead
incorporated
into
polymer
structure.
Due
application,
will
not
affect
structure
thus
underlying
polymer.
In
PhD,
novel
poly(vinyl
phosphonic
acid)
(PVPA)
based
coating
was
synthesised
characterised
using
Fourier
Transform
Infra-Red
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
then
tested
for
both
glass
fibre
reinforced
epoxy
(GRE)
poly(methylmethacrylate)
(PMMA)
under
cone
calorimeter.
The
PVPA
showed
an
impressive
degree
retardance,
lowering
peak
heat
release
692
kW/m2
233
GRE
significant
intumescence
coating.
further
adhesion
substrate
tape
pull
test,
durability
water
soak
test.
Whilst
good
retardance
substrate,
performance
during
testing
poor
due
hydrophilicity
acid).
Further
modifications
were
made
order
improve
included
addition
co
monomers
well
application
secondary
protective
over
prevent
attack
water.
All
calorimetry,
testing,
thermogravimetric
analysis
(TGA)
FTIR
provide
characterisation.
monomers,
top
were;
dimethylvinylphosphonate,
dibromostyrene,
acrylonitrile,
polydimethylsiloxane,
magnesium
oxide,
zinc
chloride,
calcium
silicate,
chitosan,
hexamethyldisiloxane,
tetraethylorthosilicate,
calixarene,
vinyl
acetate
emulsion,
commercial
waterproofing
spray,
cellulose
nitrate
acetate.
While
some
improvements
through
there
no
overall
improvement
would
render
suitable
reasonable
durability,
many
resistance
resulting
decrease
retardance.
However
still
leaves
path
open
research,
possible
combinations
already
methods.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 381 - 381
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2025
This
study
investigated
the
effect
of
phosphoric
acid
treatment
on
carbon
fibers
to
enhance
their
flame
retardancy,
impact
fiber
surface
conditions
interfacial
adhesion
between
and
PA6,
chemical
reaction
mechanisms
surface.
Phosphoric
resulted
in
a
flame-retardant
effect,
with
limited
oxygen
index
over
52.8%,
V0
level
retardancy
characteristics
UL-94
test
when
concentration
exceeded
0.5
vol.%.
When
time
was
fixed
at
30
min,
tensile
strength
increased
by
approximately
2%,
shear
(IFSS)
11%
vol.%
acid,
accompanied
an
increase
hydroxyl
(C–O),
carbonyl
(C=O),
phosphate
(P–O),
phosphoryl
(P=O)
groups.
However,
concentrations
higher
than
vol.%,
decreased
90%,
IFSS
12%,
compared
untreated
nonwoven
fabric.
varied
both
continuously
up
10
31%
17%
IFSS,
along
O=C–O,
P–O,
P=O
groups,
as
well
energy.
After
20%,
while
energy
remained
relatively
unchanged.
RSC Advances,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
8(72), С. 41389 - 41396
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018
A
durable
flame
retardant
PAN
fabric
was
prepared
via
UV-induced
grafting
polymerization
and
chemical
modification.
The
performance
of
the
greatly
improved.
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
138(17)
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2020
Abstract
This
research
aims
to
study
the
effect
of
ammonium
polyphosphate
and
expandable
graphite
on
intumescent
coating
formulations
(ICF).
The
presented
in
this
article
is
based
carbon
source
(EG),
blowing
agent
melamine,
acid
(APP),
epoxy
resin
as
a
binder
with
polyamide
amine.
stability
developed
was
verified
at
950°C
for
1‐hour
fire
test.
results
showed
that
stable
well
bond
steel
substrate.
char
characterized
by
using
FESEM,
XRD,
FTIR,
DTA,
TGA,
XPS,
Py‐GCMS
Weathering
Test.
morphology
studied
SEM
after
furnace
XRD
FTIR
show
presence
graphite,
borophosphate;
boron
oxide
sassolite
residual
char.
TGA
DTG
disclosed
EG
improved
mass
coating.
XPS
analysis
residue
IF5‐APP‐EG
contains
oxygen
contents
47.50
40.70,
respectively.
described
released
less
gaseous
compounds.
weathering
test
illustrated
that's
expansion
coatings
samples
decreased
due
humid
environment
UV
light.
maximum
expansion,
lower
substrate
temperature
high
weight
among
formulations.
Organic Letters,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
20(9), С. 2778 - 2781
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2018
A
metal-free
hydrophosphorylation
of
ynamides
with
diaryl
phosphine
oxides
has
been
developed.
highly
E-selective
and
β-regioselective
protocol
established
as
a
general
method
for
the
synthesis
diversely
hydrophosphinylated
products
employing
an
in
situ
generated
electrophilic
phosphorus
species.
Deuterium
incorporation
experiments
suggest
that
amino
phosphirenium
intermediate
undergoes
concerted
ring-opening
hydrolysis
upon
treatment
H2O
to
exclusively
furnish
β-aminovinylphosphine
oxides.
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
24(20), С. 3749 - 3749
Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2019
In
order
to
improve
the
flame
retardancy
of
polyacrylonitrile
(PAN)
fabrics,
glycidyl
methacrylate
(GMA)
was
first
grafted
onto
surface
PAN
fabric
(PAN-g-GMA)
by
means
UV-induced
photo
grafting
polymerization
process.
Then,
PAN-g-GMA
chemically
with
chitosan
obtain
a
bigrafted
(PAN-g-GMA-g-CS).
Finally,
flame-retardant
(FR-PAN)
prepared
phosphorylation.
The
structure
and
elemental
analysis
samples
were
characterized
Fourier
transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FTIR)
X-ray
photoelectron
(XPS).
thermal
degradation
properties
combustion
characteristics
fabrics
accessed
thermogravimetric
(TG),
differential
scanning
calorimetry
(DSC),
cone
calorimeter
(CC).
results
show
that
onset
decomposition
temperature
FR-PAN
is
lower
than
control
sample
due
groups.
test
indicates
has
an
excellent
property
rate
significantly
reduced.
addition,
char
residue
burned
over
97%,
indicating
char-forming
ability.
