medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Abstract
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
foundation
models
for
colour
fundus
photography
(CFP)
have
been
extensively
studied
and
demonstrated
great
potential
advancing
ocular
systemic
health
screening.
However,
their
high
computational
demands
limited
clinical
interpretability
constrain
real-world
application.
These
rely
on
self-supervised
learning
with
massive
unlabeled
datasets
to
address
the
scarcity
of
high-quality
annotations,
but
often
generate
irrelevant
features
fail
improve
due
absence
medical
knowledge
integration.
Thus,
we
propose
HRVRL,
a
lightweight,
knowledge-prompt
model
that
leverages
novel
hierarchical
representation
framework
based
retinal
biological
features.
Over
150,000
instances
were
generated
pretraining
through
multi-level
image
augmentation
267
vascular-labeled
images.
A
progressive
strategy
enables
HRVRL
capture
retinal-specific
from
coarse
fine
scales.
demonstrates
remarkable
resource
efficiency,
requiring
only
0.04
GB
memory,
processing
24
images
per
second,
completing
within
one
day
using
single
GPU.
It
outperforms
existing
in
20
downstream
tasks
related
disease
diagnosis
severity
grading.
also
offers
interpretability,
quantitative
assessments
showing
strong
concordance
between
predictions
criteria
outperforming
all
10
tasks.
In
diabetic
retinopathy
(DR)
analysis,
achieves
superior
diagnostic
lesion
recognition
(median
accuracy
0.710
versus
0.1–0.235
models;
P
<
0.001)
significant
improvements
type-specific
detection
under
zero-shot
setting
(18-fold
hemorrhages,
4-fold
microaneurysms,
hard
exudates,
soft
exudates;
0.001).
We
demonstrate
provides
clinically
interpretable
transparent
decision-making
processes
individual
cases.
conclusion,
unprecedented
efficiency
enhanced
enabling
practical
deployment
resource-limited
settings
diagnosis.
World Journal of Transplantation,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
The
endothelium
modulates
vascular
homeostasis
owing
to
a
variety
of
vasoconstrictors
and
vasodilators.
Endothelial
dysfunction
(ED),
characterized
by
impaired
vasodilation,
inflammation,
thrombosis,
triggers
future
cardiovascular
(CV)
diseases.
Chronic
kidney
disease,
state
chronic
inflammation
caused
oxidative
stress,
metabolic
abnormalities,
infection,
uremic
toxins
damages
the
endothelium.
ED
is
also
associated
with
decline
in
estimated
glomerular
filtration
rate.
After
transplantation,
endothelial
functions
undergo
immediate
but
partial
restoration,
promising
graft
longevity
enhanced
CV
health.
However,
anticipated
outcomes
do
not
happen
due
various
transplant-related
unrelated
risk
factors
for
ED,
culminating
poor
health
survival.
transplant
recipients
an
under-recognized
poorly
studied
entity.
diseases
are
leading
cause
death
among
candidates
functioning
grafts.
contributes
pathogenesis
many
Various
biomarkers
vasoreactivity
tests
available
study
functions.
With
increasing
number
transplants
happening
every
year,
improved
rejection
rates
availability
effective
immunosuppressants,
focus
has
now
shifted
protection
prevention,
early
recognition,
treatment
Advanced Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2024
Acknowledging
the
detrimental
effects
of
prolonged
sitting,
this
study
examined
an
acute
exercise
break
during
sitting
on
executive
function,
cortical
hemodynamics,
and
microvascular
status.
In
randomized
crossover
study,
71
college
students
completed
three
conditions:
(i)
uninterrupted
(SIT);
(ii)
SIT
with
a
15
min
moderate-intensity
cycling
(MIC);
(iii)
vigorous-intensity
(VIC).
Behavioral
outcomes,
retinal
vessel
diameters
(central
artery
equivalents
[CRAE],
vein
[CRVE],
arteriovenous
ratio
[AVR]),
activation,
effective
connectivity
were
evaluated.
Linear
mixed
models
identified
significant
positive
conditions
behavioral
reaction
time
(RT),
error
rate,
inverse
efficiency
score
(β
=
-2.62,
-0.19,
-3.04:
ps
<
0.05).
MIC
VIC
produced
pre-to-post-intervention
increases
in
CRAE
CRVE
4.46,
6.34),
frontal
resting-state
task-state
causal
density
0.37,
0.06)
(ps
0.05)
compared
to
SIT;
was
more
beneficial
for
function
neurobiological
parameters.
The
effect
AVR
average
RT
mediated
through
task-based
(indirect
effect:
-0.82).
Acutely
interrupting
improves
status,
activation
connectivity,
mediating
microvascular-executive
link.
Diagnostics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(8), С. 2016 - 2016
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2022
Introduction.
Optical
coherence
tomography
(OCT)
and
optical
angiography
(OCTA)
allowed
visualization
of
retina
choroid
to
nearly
the
capillary
level;
however,
relationship
between
systemic
macrovascular
status
retinal
microvascular
changes
is
not
yet
known
well.
Aim.
Our
purpose
was
assess
impact
parameters
on
prediction
coronary
heart
disease
(CHD)
in
acute
myocardial
infarction
(MI)
chronic
three
vessel
(3VD)
groups.
Methods.
This
observational
study
included
184
patients-26
3VD,
76
MI
82
healthy
participants
Radial
scans
macula
OCTA
central
(superficial
(SCP)
deep
(DCP)
plexuses)
were
performed
all
participants.
All
underwent
angiography.
Results.
Patients
groups
showed
decreased
parafoveal
total
thickness
as
well
GCL+
thickness.
Outer
circle
lowest
3VD
group.
The
group
had
thinner,
while
thinnest,
choroid.
A
decrease
choroidal
vascular
density
could
predict
3VD.
Conclusions.
region
may
artery
disease.
OCT
be
a
significant,
safe,
noninvasive
tool
for
Journal of Hypertension,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
41(10), С. 1521 - 1543
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023
Microcirculation
is
pervasive
and
orchestrates
a
profound
regulatory
cross-talk
with
the
surrounding
tissue
organs.
Similarly,
it
one
of
earliest
biological
systems
targeted
by
environmental
stressors
consequently
involved
in
development
progression
ageing
age-related
disease.
Microvascular
dysfunction,
if
not
targeted,
leads
to
steady
derangement
phenotype,
which
cumulates
comorbidities
eventually
results
nonrescuable,
very
high-cardiovascular
risk.
Along
broad
spectrum
pathologies,
both
shared
distinct
molecular
pathways
pathophysiological
alteration
are
disruption
microvascular
homeostasis,
all
pointing
inflammation
as
putative
primary
culprit.
This
position
paper
explores
presence
detrimental
contribution
across
whole
chronic
diseases,
characterise
21st-century
healthcare
landscape.
The
manuscript
aims
strongly
affirm
centrality
recapitulating
current
evidence
providing
clear
synoptic
view
cardiometabolic
derangement.
Indeed,
there
an
urgent
need
for
further
mechanistic
exploration
identify
clear,
early
or
disease-specific
targets
provide
effective
therapeutic
strategy
against
otherwise
unstoppable
rising
prevalence
diseases.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024
Abstract
Myocardial
infarction
is
defined
as
a
sudden
decrease
or
interruption
in
blood
flow
to
the
coronary
arteries,
causing
ischemic
necrosis
of
corresponding
cardiomyocytes.
It
unclear
whether
systemic
macrovascular
alterations
are
associated
with
retinal
microvascular
changes.
This
study
utilized
optical
coherence
tomography
angiography
(OCTA)
compare
variations
conjunctival
vascular
density
and
fundus
vessel
between
patients
myocardial
(MI)
healthy
controls.
recruited
16
(32
eyes)
MI
controls
eyes).
The
superficial
layer
(SRL),
deep
(DRL)
capillary
plexus
each
eye
were
evaluated
by
OCTA.
Parameters
measured
included
temporal
capillary,
(MIR)
(MAR)
total
MIR
(TMI).
region
was
hemisphere
segmentation
(SR,
SL,
IL,
IR),
annular
partition
(C1,
C2,
C3,
C4,
C5
C6),
modified
early
treatment
diabetic
retinopathy
(R,
S,
L,
I)
methods.
In
macular
area,
densities
displayed
notable
variations.
layers,
TMI,
MIR,
MAR,
well
C1,
C6
regions,
significantly
lower
(p
<
0.05
each).
TMI),
C2
regions
contrast,
higher
than
0.001).
layers
conjunctiva
differ
OCTA
effective
detecting
changes
ocular
microcirculation.
Journal of Hypertension,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
42(9), С. 1465 - 1481
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024
Measuring
blood
pressure
(BP)
and
investigating
arterial
hemodynamics
are
essential
in
understanding
cardiovascular
disease
assessing
risk.
Several
methods
used
to
measure
BP
the
doctor's
office,
at
home,
or
over
24
h
under
ambulatory
conditions.
Similarly,
several
noninvasive
have
been
introduced
for
structure
function;
these
differ
large
arteries,
small
ones,
capillaries.
Consequently,
when
studying
hemodynamics,
clinician
is
faced
with
a
multitude
of
assessment
whose
technical
details,
advantages,
limitations
sometimes
unclear.
Moreover,
conditions
procedures
their
optimal
implementation,
and/or
reference
normality
values
parameters
they
yield
not
always
taken
into
sufficient
consideration.
Therefore,
practice
guideline
summarizing
main
use
clinical
needed.
This
expert
group
position
paper
was
developed
by
an
international
scientists
after
two-day
meeting
during
which
each
most
techniques
measurement
function
evaluation
were
presented
discussed,
focusing
on
limitations,
indications,
normal
values,
pragmatic
application.
Microvascular Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
150, С. 104588 - 104588
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023
The
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
affects
the
cardiovascular
system.
current
study
investigated
changes
in
heart
rate
(HR),
blood
pressure
(BP),
pulse
wave
velocity
(PWV),
and
microcirculation
patients
recovering
from
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
infection.Out
of
43
initially
contacted
COVID-19
patients,
35
(30
males,
5
females;
age:
60
±
10
years;
body
mass
index
(BMI):
31.8
4.9)
participated
this
study.
Participants
were
seen
on
two
occasions
after
hospital
discharge;
baseline
measurements
collected,
either
day
discharge
if
a
negative
PCR
test
was
obtained,
or
10th
hospitalization
positive.
second
done
days
hospitalization.
vascular
performed
using
VICORDER®
device
retinal
vessel
image
analysis.A
significant
increase
systolic
BP
(SBP)
(from
142
mmHg,
SD:
15,
to
150
19,
p
=
0.041),
reduction
HR
76
bpm,
69
11,
0.001),
narrower
central
vein
equivalent
(CRVE)
240.94
μm,
16.05,
198.05
17.36,
0.013)
found.
Furthermore,
trends
increasing
PWV
11
m/s,
3,
12
0.095)
decreasing
CRAE
138.87
12.19,
136.77
13.19,
0.068)
recorded.The
present
following
infection
at
two-time
points
(baseline
post-hospitalization).
Significant
found
pressure,
rate,
microvasculature
indicating
that
adaptations
may
be
ongoing
even
weeks
infection.
Future
studies
could
involve
conducting
additional
interim
assessments
during
active
post-infection
periods.
American Journal of Ophthalmology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
268, С. 76 - 85
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2024
PurposeTo
explore
the
correlation
between
cardiovascular
health
(CVH)
and
ocular
diseases,
given
their
shared
risk
factors
biological
mechanisms,
this
study
utilizes
newly
updated
Life's
Essential
8
(LE8)
algorithm.DesignA
cross-sectional
study.MethodsThis
analysis,
conducted
from
February
15
to
April
1,
2024,
in
Changchun,
includes
data
4,146
participants
aged
40
above,
drawn
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
database
(2005-2008).
It
covers
information
on
visual
status,
dietary
habits
through
interviews,
professional
ophthalmological
examinations.
Participants'
CVH
status
was
assessed
using
LE8
algorithm,
relationships
with
major
diseases
such
as
retinopathy,
cataracts,
diabetic
retinopathy
(DR),
glaucoma,
age-related
macular
degeneration
were
explored
weighted
logistic
regression
restricted
cubic
splines,
stratified
sensitivity
analysis.ResultsAfter
multivariable
adjustment,
lower
scores
showed
a
significant
positive
relationship
any
disease
(OR:
2.03,
95%
CI:
1.39-2.96,
p=.001),
objectively
determined
2.24,
1.48-3.38,
p<.001),
2.88,
1.89-4.41,
DR
10.23,
3.11-33.61,
glaucoma
2.76,
1.47-5.21,
p=.003),
all
trends
significant(all
p<.01).
Additionally,
behavioral
subdomain
significantly
correlated
an
elevated
of
cataracts
1.45,
1.03-2.04).
Subgroup
analyses
revealed
more
pronounced
negative
correlations
among
females
those
suffering
chronic
kidney
disease.ConclusionA
low
score
linked
increased
likelihood
US-populated-based
study.
This
supports
potential
benefits
enhancing
wellness
mitigate
development
conditions.
