Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(9), С. e19781 - e19781
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
The
main
purpose
of
wastewater
treatment
plant
(WWTP)
is
to
reduce
organic
and
inorganic
pollutants
meet
standards.
But
WWTPs
employing
up
flow
anaerobic
sludge
blanket
(UASB)
reactors
under
psychrophilic
temperature
are
currently
removing
about
55%
chemical
oxygen
demand
(COD)
70%
total
dissolved
solids
(TSS).
research
was
done
increase
the
efficiencies
UASB
reactor
working
conditions
through
optimization
operational
parameters
like
temperature,
loading
rate
(OLR),
pH
hydraulic
retention
time
(HRT).
Experimentation
carried
out
in
a
0.0486
m3
square-shaped
pilot-scale
reactor.
Experimental
design
response
surface
method
(RSM)
for
performance
enhancement
five
levels
central
composite
(CCD)
used.
optimized
obtained
from
CCD-RSM
were
as
follows:
21.58
°C,
OLR
2.99
kg
COD/m3.d,
HRT
4.37hrs
6.3.
Using
parameters,
tests
yielded
92.70%,
99.06%,
94.50%
COD,
TSS,
volatile
suspended
solid
(VSS)
respectively.
outlet
concentrations
alkalinity,
fatty
acids
(VFA),
found
be
lower
than
inlet
concentrations.
alkalinity
system
accepts
hydrogen
ion
released
by
taken
over
methanogensis
maintain
pH.
concentration
sulfate
increasing
due
inhabitation
sulfur-reducing
bacteria
an
condition
VFA
at
less
7.8.This
process
favors
production
CH4
H2S
gas.
In
general,
there
high
likelihood
improving
operating
optimizing
parameters.
Energy Sustainability and Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024
Abstract
Background
Biodiesel
is
a
renewable
and
ecofriendly
fuel
for
internal
combustion
engines.
However,
standards
need
to
be
adapted
efficiency
commercial
use.
This
paper
deals
with
novel
process
of
its
production
using
purification
step
that
counters
the
high
costs
experimental
analysis
multiresponse
optimization.
Methods
Soybean
oil
was
chosen
as
biodiesel
5%,
10%,
15%
blend
common
diesel
experimentally
tested
in
variable
compression
ratio
ignition
engine.
The
blended
run
engine
without
any
modification
setup,
which
also
solves
most
operational
problems.
functional
relationship
between
input
parameters
performance
characteristics
evaluated
by
statistical
response
surface
methodology
Box–Behnken
design
model,
generates
experiment
resulting
an
optimum
reduces
overall
cost
investigation.
Uncertainty
done
minimize
gap
results
considering
errors
each
piece
equipment.
Validation
carried
out.
Results
variance
used
measure
acceptability
model
competency
predict
output
performance.
value
are
obtained
4.5
kg
load,
18,
B05
blend,
maximum
brake
power
3
kW,
minimum
consumption
emissions
CO
NO
x
,
0.39
kg/kWh,
0.01%,
50
ppm.
Conclusions
Cost
reveals
produced
from
transesterification
reasonable
compared
conventional
process.
It
environmentally
more
sustainable,
cannot
ignored.
technique
can
future
research
cost-effective
fields
such
biofuels
waste,
explored.
Energies,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(7), С. 1588 - 1588
Опубликована: Март 26, 2024
It
is
important
to
reduce
the
negative
environmental
effects
of
non-road
diesel
engines,
which
are
increasingly
used
in
many
facilities
and
machines,
without
loss
performance.
Biodiesel
as
an
alternative
fossil-based
fuels
eliminate
these
ensure
sustainability
energy.
This
study
focused
on
optimization
operating
parameters
a
engine
with
waste
frying
oil
biodiesel
mixture
at
50%
load.
Pure
biodiesel,
1-heptanol,
different
injection
advances
pressures
were
determined
input
for
optimization.
The
tests
designed
according
Taguchi’s
L16
orthogonal
array.
ANOVA
analysis
was
performed
determine
importance
performance
exhaust
emissions.
Optimization
made
based
highest
brake
thermal
efficiency
(BTE)
addition
lowest
values
brake-specific
fuel
consumption
(BSFC),
hydrocarbon
(BSHC),
nitrogen
oxide
(BSNOx)
smoke
In
carried
out
response
surface
methodology
(RSM),
optimum
combinations
obtain
best
characteristics
17.27%
226-bar
pressure,
27
CAD
advance
B75.
These
results
verified
by
experiments
within
recommended
error
range.
ACS Omega,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(42), С. 39067 - 39079
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023
The
present
work
covers
the
preparation
of
biodiesel
from
jatropha
oil
through
transesterification
process
followed
by
its
characterization,
and
furthermore,
performance
emission
analyses
were
done
in
terms
blending
with
fossil
diesel
CuO
nanoparticles.
Jatropha
blends
(B10,
B20,
B30)
chosen
for
this
preliminary
investigation
based
on
observation
that
B20
outperformed
other
blends.
Next
stage
copper
oxide
(CuO)
nanoparticle
concentrations
25,
50,
75,
50
ppm
are
used
to
examine
characteristics
a
constant
speed
single
cylinder,
4-stroke,
3.5
kW
compression
ignition
(CI)
engine.
Finally,
response
surface
methodology
(RSM)
was
utilized
determine
optimal
concentration
B20.
results
revealed
blend
80
nanoparticles
had
highest
desirability
(0.9732),
developed
RSM
model
able
predict
engine
responses
mean
absolute
percentage
error
(MAPE)
3.113%.
A
confirmation
test
an
prediction
less
than
5%
verified
model's
adequacy.
When
comparing
optimized
B20CuO80
diesel,
brake
specific
energy
consumption
(BSEC)
increased
8.49%
thermal
efficiency
(BTE)
lowered
3.34%.
Hydrocarbon
(HC),
carbon
monoxide
(CO),
dioxide
(CO2),
nitrogen
(NOx),
smoke
emissions
reduced
3.66%
2.88%,
4.78%,
22.9%,
20.54%,
respectively,
at
80%
load.
As
result,
may
be
current
engines
without
modification.
Alexandria Engineering Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
84, С. 262 - 274
Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023
Power
production,
as
well
transportation,
are
two
sectors
mainly
contributing
to
global
warming
and
pollution.
These
effects
can
be
lessened
through
the
use
of
biofuels.
However,
biofuels
plagued
due
low
calorific
value
high
viscosity
compared
diesel.
this
overcome
by
proper
adjustment
operating
parameters
(Compression
ratio,
Fuel
injection
timing,
Pressure,
Engine
load).
The
present
study
tries
unravel
influence
fuel
pressure
on
performance,
combustion,
emission,
exergy
analysis
Nahar
biodiesel
run
diesel
engine.
Five
(200
bar,
220
240
260
280
bar)
five
engine
loading
conditions
(20
%,
40
60
80
100
%)
at
timing
23°
BTDC
compression
ratio
17.5
considered.
results
indicate
that
improve
with
higher
pressure.
maximum
BTEs
found
24.86
27
28.11
29.22
31.13
%
in
mode
FIPs
200
respectively
comparison
27.76
for
standard
settings
(FIP
=
CR
17.5,
IT
BTDC)
load.
Furthermore,
effect
addition
nanoparticles
variation
other
such
may
enhance
performance
emissions
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023
Abstract
Aquatic
weeds
have
exceptionally
high
reproduction
rates,
are
rich
in
cellulose
and
hemicellulose,
contain
a
negligible
amount
of
lignin,
making
them
an
ideal
crop
for
the
next
generation
biofuels.
Previously
reported
studies
proposed
that
water
hyacinth,
lettuce,
common
duckweeds,
spinach
can
be
managed
or
utilized
using
different
advanced
techniques,
while
anaerobic
digestion
is
one
feasible
cost-effective
techniques
to
manage
these
biowastes.
The
present
study
was
carried
out
investigate
potential
utilizing
four
aquatic
weed
species
(water
spinach)
as
substrates
order
produce
biogas.
hemicellulose
content,
coupled
with
low
lignin
make
candidates
this
purpose.
evaluated
feasibility
management
method
weeds,
which
often
considered
invasive
difficult
control.
provides
overview
characteristics
strategies
relation
biogas
production,
possible
future
developments
field.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(9), С. e19781 - e19781
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
The
main
purpose
of
wastewater
treatment
plant
(WWTP)
is
to
reduce
organic
and
inorganic
pollutants
meet
standards.
But
WWTPs
employing
up
flow
anaerobic
sludge
blanket
(UASB)
reactors
under
psychrophilic
temperature
are
currently
removing
about
55%
chemical
oxygen
demand
(COD)
70%
total
dissolved
solids
(TSS).
research
was
done
increase
the
efficiencies
UASB
reactor
working
conditions
through
optimization
operational
parameters
like
temperature,
loading
rate
(OLR),
pH
hydraulic
retention
time
(HRT).
Experimentation
carried
out
in
a
0.0486
m3
square-shaped
pilot-scale
reactor.
Experimental
design
response
surface
method
(RSM)
for
performance
enhancement
five
levels
central
composite
(CCD)
used.
optimized
obtained
from
CCD-RSM
were
as
follows:
21.58
°C,
OLR
2.99
kg
COD/m3.d,
HRT
4.37hrs
6.3.
Using
parameters,
tests
yielded
92.70%,
99.06%,
94.50%
COD,
TSS,
volatile
suspended
solid
(VSS)
respectively.
outlet
concentrations
alkalinity,
fatty
acids
(VFA),
found
be
lower
than
inlet
concentrations.
alkalinity
system
accepts
hydrogen
ion
released
by
taken
over
methanogensis
maintain
pH.
concentration
sulfate
increasing
due
inhabitation
sulfur-reducing
bacteria
an
condition
VFA
at
less
7.8.This
process
favors
production
CH4
H2S
gas.
In
general,
there
high
likelihood
improving
operating
optimizing
parameters.
