Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 414, С. 137557 - 137557
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2023
Язык: Английский
eTransportation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12, С. 100169 - 100169
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
349
Applied Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(10), С. 6016 - 6016
Опубликована: Май 13, 2023
The world’s primary modes of transportation are facing two major problems: rising oil costs and increasing carbon emissions. As a result, electric vehicles (EVs) gaining popularity as they independent do not produce greenhouse gases. However, despite their benefits, several operational issues still need to be addressed for EV adoption become widespread. This research delves into the evolution EVs over time highlights including reducing emissions air pollution. It also explores challenges difficulties faced in adoption, such high cost infrastructure, scarcity charging stations, limited range or anxiety, performance batteries. To overcome these challenges, potential solutions include enhancing number using battery swapping techniques, improving technology address anxiety reduce times. Governments can incentivize consumers purchase through tax credits subsidies invest building robust infrastructure. Industry stakeholders collaborate with governments promote EVs, which contribute
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
325
Journal of Energy Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 79, С. 118 - 134
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
114
Journal of Physics Energy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 5(2), С. 021501 - 021501
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022
Abstract The market dynamics, and their impact on a future circular economy for lithium-ion batteries (LIB), are presented in this roadmap, with safety as an integral consideration throughout the life cycle. At point of end-of-life (EOL), there is range potential options—remanufacturing, reuse recycling. Diagnostics play significant role evaluating state-of-health condition batteries, improvements to diagnostic techniques evaluated. present, manual disassembly dominates EOL disposal, however, given volumes that be anticipated, automated approaches dismantling battery packs will key. first stage recycling after removal cells initial cell-breaking or opening step. Approaches reviewed, contrasting shredding cell two alternative approaches. Design one approach could assist easier cells, new design enable LIBs reviewed. After disassembly, subsequent separation black mass performed before further concentration components. There plethora recovering materials; roadmap sets out directions including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, short-loop, direct, biological recovery LIB materials. Furthermore, anode, lithium, electrolyte, binder plastics considered order maximise proportion materials recovered, minimise waste way towards zero-waste life-cycle implications discussed considering overall system recycling, also directly investigating different methods. legal regulatory perspectives considered. Finally, view future, next-generation chemistries evaluated, identifying gaps research. This review takes form series short reviews, each section written independently by diverse international authorship experts topic. Collectively, these reviews comprehensive picture current state art how technologies expected develop future.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
80
Resources Conservation and Recycling, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185, С. 106484 - 106484
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2022
The rapid uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) will be vital to decarbonise the transport sector and achieve climate change targets. However, this transition is leading an increased demand for key battery materials associated resource challenges supply-chain risks. On other hand, discarded EV batteries create business opportunities second life recycling. This study presents scenario-driven material flow analysis (MFA) estimate future volume wastes potentially generated in Sweden materials, considering potential fleet, chemistry developments, end-of-life strategies batteries. Further, we combine MFA with a socio-technical approach explore how different developments affect both flows underlying systems future. Recycling has reduce primary by 25–64% during 2040–2050 based on projected demand, meaning that waste streams could cover considerable part raw demands. Second-use can promote circularity yet postpones recycling potentials. From perspective, promoting recycling, second-life use advanced technologies entail system disruption transformational changes technology, markets, models, policy, infrastructure user practices. Demand high-capacity grid decarbonisation aviation applications may contribute emergence niche technologies. Each scenario highlights need effective policy frameworks foster circular value chain.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
76
Resources Conservation and Recycling, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 193, С. 106969 - 106969
Опубликована: Март 20, 2023
Electric vehicles are perceived as a key technology to make mobility more sustainable, leading sharp rise in electric battery production and use. However, vehicle batteries only sustainable solution if they support decreasing the total impact of supply chain, which makes circularity initiatives element this transition. Currently, is limited by data sharing among actors chain on critical information needed circular economy approach. In study we explore how development chains examine role blockchain address needs tracking capability sharing. To allow comprehensive analysis, conduct case including companies from multiple tiers capture all relevant perspectives. The results show that supports extended value activities, evolving linear perspective. It also indicates removing existing barriers for facilitating transparency traceability, especially second-life applications beyond dominant players industry.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
73
Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 371, С. 133636 - 133636
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2022
Ramping up automotive lithium-ion battery (LIB) production volumes creates an imperative need for the establishment of end-of-life treatment chains spent traction packs. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is essential tool in evaluating environmental performance such and options. This work synthesises publicly-available data to expand upon previously reported LCA studies LIB recycling holistically model packs with lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide positive electrodes. The study provides in-depth analysis unit process contributions benefits burdens options integrates these impacts estimate net benefit achieved by introduction value chain. attributional accounts whole chain, from point collection provision secondary materials manufacturing. Pyrometallurgical processing cells predicted have a larger Global Warming Potential (GWP), due its higher energy intensity, while hydrometallurgical shown be more environmentally beneficial, additional recovery as hydroxide. majority arise aluminium copper fractions packs, important also arising cells. Overall, presented estimates 11 out 13 impact categories based on ReCiPe characterisation method, compared without recycling. An investigation effect geographic specificity combined indicates that it key source GWP variability climate burdening offer significantly potential reductions through sensitivity carried shows related air quality are when recovering lower grade materials. quantitative replicable inventory which highlights significance circular chains.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
72
IEEE Access, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. 27793 - 27805
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
This paper introduces an energy management algorithm for a hybrid solar and biogas-based electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) that considers techno-economic environmental factors. The proposed is designed 20-kW EVCS uses fuzzy inference system in MATLAB SIMULINK to manage power generation, EV demand, periods, existing rates optimize real-time costs renewable utilization. results show the reduces by 74.67% compared flat rate tariffs offers lower weekdays weekends. integration of renewables also significant reduction greenhouse gas emissions, with payback periods owners being relatively short, making project profitable.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
59
Global Challenges, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7(4)
Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023
The rapidly increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide is causing high demand for production lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Tremendous efforts have been made to develop different components LIBs in addition design battery pack architectures as well manufacturing processes make better with affordable prices. Nonetheless, sustainable use relies on the availability and cost rare metals, which are naturally concentrated a few countries. In addition, toxic electrolytes used pose concerns environmental impacts if not handled properly after decommissioned from EVs. Therefore, it paramount realize effective utilization spent LIBs, where their remaining capacities can be reused less demanding applications. Finally, electrode materials other valuable recovered via recycling, completing circular life cycle. this review, available options retirement EV applications, including second use, repair by direct regeneration, material recovery hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical discussed. Throughout discussion based around current technologies, impacts, economic feasibility provided examples pilot industrial scale processes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
58
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023
Technology companies have been leading the way to a renewable energy transformation, by investing in sources reduce carbon footprint of their datacenters. In addition helping build new solar and wind farms, make power purchase agreements or offsets, rather than relying on every hour day, day week (24/7). Relying 24/7 is challenging due intermittent nature energy. Inherent variations production causes excess lack supply at different times. To cope with fluctuations generation, multiple solutions must be applied. These include: capacity sizing mix power, storage options, aware workload scheduling. However, depending region datacenter characteristics, carbon-optimal solution varies. Existing work this space does not give holistic view trade-offs each often ignore embodied cost solutions. work, we provide framework, Carbon Explorer, analyze multi-dimensional taking into account operational embodided help datacenters operate 24/7. The include battery storage, scheduling, which entails shifting workloads from times when there abundant supply.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
56