Strategies to achieve a carbon neutral society: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(4), С. 2277 - 2310

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2022

The increasing global industrialization and over-exploitation of fossil fuels has induced the release greenhouse gases, leading to an increase in temperature causing environmental issues. There is therefore urgent necessity reach net-zero carbon emissions. Only 4.5% countries have achieved neutrality, most are still planning do so by 2050-2070. Moreover, synergies between different hampered adaptation mitigation policies, as well their co-benefits. Here, we present a strategy neutral economy examining outcome goals 26th summit United Nations Climate Change Conference Parties (COP 26). Methods been designed for mapping emissions, such input-output models, spatial systems, geographic information system maps, light detection ranging techniques, logarithmic mean divisia. We decarbonization technologies initiatives, negative emissions technologies, discuss trading tax. propose plans neutrality shifting away from toward renewable energy, development low-carbon agriculture, changing dietary habits value food agricultural waste. Developing resilient buildings cities, introducing decentralized energy electrification transportation sector also necessary. review life cycle analysis systems.

Язык: Английский

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Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 619(7971), С. 761 - 767

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

China's goal to achieve carbon (C) neutrality by 2060 requires scaling up photovoltaic (PV) and wind power from 1 10-15 PWh year-1 (refs. 1-5). Following the historical rates of renewable installation1, a recent high-resolution energy-system model6 forecasts based on 14th Five-year Energy Development (CFED)7, however, only indicate that capacity will reach 5-9.5 2060. Here we show that, individually optimizing deployment 3,844 new utility-scale PV plants coordinated with ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission energy storage accounting for power-load flexibility learning dynamics, can be increased 9 (corresponding CFED path) 15 year-1, accompanied reduction in average abatement cost US$97 US$6 per tonne dioxide (tCO2). To this, annualized investment should ramp US$77 billion 2020 (current level) US$127 2020s further US$426 2050s. The large-scale increases income residents poorest regions as co-benefits. Our results highlight importance upgrading systems building storage, expanding adjusting load at demand side reduce economic deploying China.

Язык: Английский

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Climate change impacts on planned supply–demand match in global wind and solar energy systems

Nature Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(8), С. 870 - 880

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Abstract Climate change modulates both energy demand and wind solar supply but a globally synthetic analysis of supply–demand match (SDM) is lacking. Here, we use 12 state-of-the-art climate models to assess impacts on SDM, quantified by the fraction met local or supply. For systems with varying dependence supply, up 32% 44% non-Antarctic land areas, respectively, are projected experience robust SDM reductions end this century under an intermediate emission scenario. Smaller more variable reduces at northern middle-to-high latitudes, whereas reduced heating alleviates reverses remarkably. By contrast, despite increases low raised cooling substantially. Changes in extremes mean make size-comparable contributions. Our results provide early warnings for sectors adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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Ammonia combustion in furnaces: A review

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49, С. 1597 - 1618

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023

Ammonia is a formidable chemical that has been investigated over 150 years for its use in the processing field. The potential of molecule to be used farming applications enabled demographic explosion whilst implementation refrigeration technologies ensure continuous operation cooling systems at high efficiencies. Other areas have also benefited from ammonia, fuelling was scarce until 2010s. A combination factors include climate change and energy dependency reignited interest using ammonia as an vector can potentially support range small devices large power applications, thus supporting transition net zero economy. Therefore, appears tangible option towards reduction emissions truly carbon-free coming years. As recognition increases, research based on combustion processes expanded utilization ammonia. around topic considerably augmented not only academic community, but across governmental institutions industrial consortia willing demonstrate such chemical. this review approaches latest findings state-of-the-art fuel furnaces. Different other reviews, present work attempts gather fundamental research, most critical evaluating system operation, novel suggest various breakthrough concepts will reliable, cleaner consumption furnace fuel. Further, manuscript includes all corners world, attempt summarise extensive dozens groups are currently conducting. Finally, future trends requirements addressed, providing guidance those interested doing development ammonia-fuelling systems.

Язык: Английский

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Planning China’s non-deterministic energy system (2021–2060) to achieve carbon neutrality

Applied Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 334, С. 120673 - 120673

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of solar radiation resource and photovoltaic power potential across China based on optimized interpretable machine learning model and GIS-based approaches

Applied Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 339, С. 121005 - 121005

Опубликована: Март 28, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Large-scale CAES in bedded rock salt: A case study in Jiangsu Province, China

Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 281, С. 128271 - 128271

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Complementary potential of wind-solar-hydro power in Chinese provinces: Based on a high temporal resolution multi-objective optimization model

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 184, С. 113566 - 113566

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Energy transition, ecological governance, globalization, and environmental sustainability: Insights from the top ten emitting countries

Energy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 292, С. 130551 - 130551

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Spatially resolved land and grid model of carbon neutrality in China

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(10)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

China has committed to achieve net carbon neutrality by 2060 combat global climate change, which will require unprecedented deployment of negative emissions technologies, renewable energies (RE), and complementary infrastructure. At terawatt-scale deployment, land use limitations interact with operational economic features power systems. To address this, we developed a spatially resolved resource assessment systems planning optimization that models full year system operations, sub-provincial RE siting criteria, transmission connections. Our modeling results show wind solar must be expanded 2,000 3,900 GW each, one plausible pathway leading 300 GW/yr combined annual additions in 2046 2060, three-fold increase from today. Over 80% 55% is constructed within 100 km major load centers when accounting for current policies regarding use. Large-scale low-carbon balance key trade-offs use, quality, grid integration, costs. Under more restrictive policies, at least 740 distributed would become economically feasible regions high demand, where utility-scale limited competition agricultural land. Effective policy formulation are necessary China's goals.

Язык: Английский

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