Results in Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22, С. 102004 - 102004
Опубликована: Март 23, 2024
Shortage
and
environmental
threats
posed
by
fossil
fuel
have
become
a
critical
issue
requiring
searching
for
alternative
energy
sources.
This
study
utilized
clay-doped
barium
chloride
ionic
liquid
(CD-BaCl-IL)
as
catalyst
optimizing
biodiesel
production
from
shea
butter.
10%
were
blended
with
clay,
dried,
then
calcined
4
h
at
600
°C
to
develop
the
catalyst.
The
synthesized
suitably
characterized.
Response
surface
methodology
(RSM)
implementing
Central
Composite
Design
(CCD)
Genetic
Algorithm
(GA)
employed
model
optimize
effect
of
process
parameters
on
response.
model's
capabilities
evaluated
using
coefficient
determination
(R2)
mean
square
error
(MSE).
second-order
polynomial
is
shown
in
Analysis
Variance
(ANOVA)
an
(R2
-0.9945,
Adjusted
R2-0.9846,
Predicted
R2-0.8694)
demonstrating
acceptance.
Artificial
Neural
Network
(ANN)
Adaptive
Neurofuzzy
Inference
System
(ANFIS)
used
assess
capability.
obtained
statistical
results
-
=
0.8694,
MSE
0.7035),
ANN
0.999,
0.0001026),
ANFIS
0.99,
0.000041),
showed
that
had
best
prediction
lowest
MSE.
integrated
GA
(GA-ANFIS)
gave
optimization
yield
(96.72%)
concentration
wt%,
methanol/mol
ratio
10:1,
time
2.5
h,
temperature
70
°C,
agitation
speed
400
rpm.
optimal
developed
properties
successfully
within
ASTM
D
6751
standards.
Results in Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21, С. 101878 - 101878
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
The
objective
of
this
research
is
to
examine
the
problems
shading
effect
photovoltaic
(PV)
systems.
This
describes
PV
system
installed
on
rooftop
administration
building
at
Polytechnic
State
Ujung
Pandang-Makassar,
Indonesia
(called
PNUP).
To
achieve
proposed
method,
PVsyst
application
was
applied
evaluate
effect,
loss
diagram
and
performance
ratio
(PR)
over
entire
year
using
software.
scheme
also
examines
financial
analysis
system,
namely:
payback
period
(PBP)
return
investment
(ROI).
Four
perspective
designs
photo
voltaic-filled
with
different
tilts
azimuth
were
selected.
Research
results
indicated
that
PR
designs_1,
2,
3
4
were:
0.816,
0.817
0.815.
energy
losses
for
all
11.40
MWh
(design_1);
11.38
(design_2);
11.67
(design_3)
11.04
(design_4).
In
addition,
investigated
define
PBP
ROI.
ROI
8.2
years
145.2
%
rate;
144.3%
7.8
155.2
rate
8.6
131.8%
rate.
Results in Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
23, С. 102521 - 102521
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024
The
purpose
of
this
research
is
to
identify
the
optimal
configuration
a
diesel
generator
with
hybrid
renewable
energy
system
that
can
sustainably
meet
demands
rural
area.
Some
main
challenges
using
generators
supply
required
electric
load
in
remote
areas
are
high
operating
cost,
unmet
load,
carbon
dioxide
emissions,
very
total
net
and
quality
electricity.
This
study,
which
combined
resources,
accurately
analyzed
eight
different
outputs
from
optimization
multiple
resources
software.
analysis
considered
factors
such
as
site-specific
conditions,
fuel
costs,
solar
radiation
levels.
software
prefers
following
strategy
over
cycle
charging
strategy.
involves
combining
sources,
specifically
configured
combination
photovoltaic
cells,
generator,
wind
turbine,
battery.
configuration,
cost
approximately
$180,065.43
levelized
$0.32,
identified
most
effective
chosen.
Operating
emission,
present
reduced
by
53.17
%,
60.46
30.02
respectively.
It
highlighted
energies
their
role
promoting
environmental
sustainability.
By
providing
100
%
demand,
it
increased
electricity
zero.
Results in Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22, С. 102354 - 102354
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Growing
population,
burgeoning
economic
growth
and
technological
advancements
have
caused
a
surge
in
electricity
demand
worldwide.
In
recent
years,
Pakistan,
contributing
less
than
1%
to
global
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
has
endured
severe
weather,
including
the
2022
floods
that
affected
nearly
30
million
people.
Pakistan
is
developing
country
signatory
of
Paris
accord
made
an
international
commitment
cut
down
its
GHG
emissions.
To
date,
total
generation
about
122,934
GWh,
from
which
60.9%
(744,862
GWh)
met
by
thermal
sources
(coal,
oil
gas),
23.7%
(29,181
hydel,
12.4%
(15,182
nuclear
3%
(3709
done
through
renewable
energy
sources.
The
for
rising
exponentially,
around
fulfilled
hydrocarbons.
This
study
introduces
novel
approach
assessing
sector's
emissions
using
CO2,
CH4,
N2O,
expanding
beyond
traditional
focus
on
CO2
alone.
work
uses
time-varying
carbon
intensity
calculate
and,
subsequently,
fossil
fuel-driven
electrical
systems.
One
notable
aspect
this
capability
with
more
frequent
temporal
resolution,
frequently.
peak
are
observed
January
December
at
values
650gCO2-eq/kWh
550gCO2-eq/kWh
respectively,
causing
smog
issues
country.
Results
show
during
January,
February,
October,
November
relatively
higher
due
unavailability
hydel
resources.
