Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2024
Recognition
and
segmentation
of
brain
tumours
(BT)
using
MR
images
are
valuable
tedious
processes
in
the
healthcare
industry.
Earlier
diagnosis
localization
BT
provide
timely
options
to
select
effective
treatment
plans
for
doctors
can
save
lives.
from
Magnetic
Resonance
Images
(MRI)
is
considered
a
big
challenge
owing
difficulty
tissues,
segmenting
them
healthier
tissue
challenging
when
manual
done
through
radiologists.
Among
recent
proposals
method,
method
based
on
machine
learning
(ML)
image
processing
could
be
better.
Thus,
DL-based
extensively
applied,
convolutional
network
has
better
effects.
The
deep
model
problem
large
loss
information
number
parameters
encoding
decoding
processes.
With
this
motivation,
article
presents
new
Deep
Transfer
Learning
with
Semantic
Segmentation
Medical
Image
Analysis
(DTLSS-MIA)
technique
MRI
images.
DTLSS-MIA
aims
segment
affected
area
At
first,
presented
utilizes
Median
filtering
(MF)
approach
optimize
quality
remove
noise.
For
semantic
follows
DeepLabv3
+
backbone
EfficientNet
determining
region.
Moreover,
CapsNet
architecture
employed
feature
extraction
process.
Lastly,
crayfish
optimization
(CFO)
diffusion
variational
autoencoder
(D-VAE)
used
as
classification
mechanism,
CFO
effectively
tunes
D-VAE
hyperparameter.
simulation
analysis
validated
benchmark
dataset.
performance
validation
exhibited
superior
accuracy
value
99.53%
over
other
methods.
Frontiers in Computer Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Introduction
Brain
tumor
(BT)
classification
is
crucial
yet
challenging
due
to
the
complex
and
varied
nature
of
these
tumors.
We
present
a
novel
approach
combining
Pyramid
Vision
Transformer
(PVT)
with
an
adaptive
deformable
attention
mechanism
Topological
Data
Analysis
(TDA)
address
complexities
BT
detection.
While
PVT
have
been
explored
in
prior
work,
we
introduce
key
innovations
enhance
their
performance
for
medical
image
analysis.
Methods
developed
that
dynamically
adjusts
receptive
fields
based
on
complexity,
focusing
critical
regions
MRI
scans.
The
also
incorporates
sampling
rate
hierarchical
dynamic
position
embeddings
context-aware
multi-scale
feature
extraction.
Feature
channels
are
partitioned
into
specialized
groups
via
offset
group
improve
diversity,
strategy
further
integrates
local
global
contexts
yield
refined
representations.
Additionally,
applying
TDA
images
extracts
meaningful
topological
patterns,
followed
by
Random
Forest
classifier
final
classification.
Results
method
was
evaluated
Figshare
brain
dataset.
It
achieved
99.2%
accuracy,
99.35%
recall,
98.9%
precision,
99.12%
F1-score,
Matthews
correlation
coefficient
(MCC)
0.98,
LogLoss
0.05,
average
processing
time
approximately
6
seconds
per
image.
Discussion
These
results
underscore
method's
ability
combine
detailed
extraction
insights,
significantly
improving
accuracy
efficiency
proposed
offers
promising
tool
more
reliable
rapid
diagnosis.
Information,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(6), С. 456 - 456
Опубликована: Май 29, 2025
Accurate
segmentation
of
brain
tumors
in
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(MRI)
remains
a
challenging
task
due
to
heterogeneous
tumor
structures,
varying
intensities
across
modalities,
and
limited
annotated
data.
Deep
learning
has
significantly
advanced
accuracy;
however,
it
often
suffers
from
sensitivity
hyperparameter
settings
generalization.
To
overcome
these
challenges,
bio-inspired
metaheuristic
algorithms
have
been
increasingly
employed
optimize
various
stages
the
deep
pipeline—including
tuning,
preprocessing,
architectural
design,
attention
modulation.
This
review
systematically
examines
developments
2015
2025,
focusing
on
integration
nature-inspired
optimization
methods
such
as
Particle
Swarm
Optimization
(PSO),
Genetic
Algorithm
(GA),
Differential
Evolution
(DE),
Grey
Wolf
Optimizer
(GWO),
Whale
(WOA),
novel
hybrids
including
CJHBA
BioSwarmNet
into
learning-based
frameworks.
A
structured
multi-query
search
strategy
was
executed
using
Publish
or
Perish
Google
Scholar
Scopus
databases.
Following
PRISMA
guidelines,
3895
records
were
screened
through
automated
filtering
manual
eligibility
checks,
yielding
curated
set
106
primary
studies.
Through
bibliometric
mapping,
methodological
synthesis,
performance
analysis,
we
highlight
trends
algorithm
usage,
application
domains
(e.g.,
architecture
search),
outcomes
measured
by
metrics
Dice
Similarity
Coefficient
(DSC),
Jaccard
Index
(JI),
Hausdorff
Distance
(HD),
ASSD.
Our
findings
demonstrate
that
enhances
accuracy
robustness,
particularly
multimodal
involving
FLAIR
T1CE
modalities.
The
concludes
identifying
emerging
research
directions
hybrid
optimization,
real-time
clinical
applicability,
explainable
AI,
providing
roadmap
for
future
exploration
this
interdisciplinary
domain.
Cutaneous
melanoma
is
a
highly
lethal
form
of
cancer.
Developing
medical
image
segmentation
model
capable
accurately
delineating
lesions
with
high
robustness
and
generalization
presents
formidable
challenge.
This
study
draws
inspiration
from
cellular
functional
characteristics
natural
selection,
proposing
novel
named
the
vital
neural
network.
incorporates
observed
in
multicellular
organisms,
including
memory,
adaptation,
apoptosis,
division.
Memory
module
enables
network
to
rapidly
adapt
input
data
during
early
stages
training,
accelerating
convergence.
Adaptation
allows
neurons
select
appropriate
activation
function
based
on
varying
environmental
conditions.
Apoptosis
reduces
risk
overfitting
by
pruning
low
values.
Division
enhances
network's
learning
capacity
duplicating
Experimental
evaluations
demonstrate
efficacy
this
enhancing
performance
networks
for
segmentation.
The
proposed
method
achieves
outstanding
results
across
numerous
publicly
available
datasets,
indicating
its
potential
contribute
significantly
field
analysis
facilitating
accurate
efficient
imagery.
an
F1
score
0.901,
Intersection
over
Union
0.841,
Dice
coefficient
0.913,
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2024
Early
Diagnosis
of
oral
cancer
is
very
important
and
can
save
you
from
some
malignancies.
However,
while
this
approach
aids
in
the
rapid
healing
patients
preservation
their
lives,
there
are
several
causes
for
poor
wrong
diagnosis
cancer.
In
recent
years,
use
computer-aided
design
tools
as
an
auxiliary
tool
alongside
clinicians
has
greatly
benefited
more
accurate
identification
malignancy.
The
current
study
proposes
a
new
identifying
based
on
image
processing
deep
learning.
employs
recently
integrated
model
improved
tunicate
swarm
algorithm
to
produce
efficient
improving
convolutional
neural
network
delivering
diagnostic
system.
then
implemented
pictures
dataset.
validated
by
comparing
it
other
published
papers
using
various
measurement
markers.
proposed
achieved
accuracy
98.70%
recall
93.71%
detecting
cancerous
lesions
photographic
images.
also
F1-score
90.08%
precision
96.42%.
final
results
demonstrate
that
offered
exact
be
used
conjunction
with
help
diagnosing