Unraveling dynamics of nuclear pore and chromatin via HS-AFM DOI Creative Commons
Goro Nishide, Richard W. Wong

Anatomical Science International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 19, 2025

Abstract High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) enables real-time visualization of biological processes with nanometer-level resolution. This review highlights how HS-AFM has been instrumental in uncovering the dynamic interplay between nuclear pore complexes (NPCs)—which regulate nucleocytoplasmic transport—and genome guardians, including DNA repair proteins and chromatin regulators. Structurally, NPCs resemble a multi-layered spider cobweb, serving as crucial molecular gatekeepers for maintaining cellular homeostasis, while guardians safeguard genomic integrity through organization. Through HS-AFM, researchers have gained unprecedented insights into NPC dynamics, revealing their adaptability during transport, reorganization, viral infection. It also elucidated interact NPCs, influencing organization at periphery regulating trafficking. These discoveries underscore critical role NPC-genome interactions stability, gene expression, broad implications diseases such cancer, infections, neurodegenerative disorders. In conclusion, transformed our ability to study landscape nanoscale, bridging gap structural biology functional genomics. By capturing dynamics chromatin, provides an essential tool unraveling mechanisms that govern transport regulation. Future advancements technology, higher temporal resolution, correlative imaging, AI-driven analysis, will further expand its potential biomedical research, paving way novel diagnostic therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

Genomic and Epigenomic Plasticity in the Hypoxic Environment DOI Creative Commons
Emanuele Cricchi,

Alessio Bertozzo,

Martina Minisini

и другие.

DNA, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(2), С. 22 - 22

Опубликована: Май 4, 2025

Our genome has evolved a complex network of information designed to precisely regulate gene transcription. Commonly known as cis-regulatory elements, they represent those parts DNA that are highly sensitive environmental changes in the form associated multi-protein complexes. Oxygen levels an important factor influencing range cellular activities, including cell survival. To respond oxygen levels, cells have developed efficient and precise system for regulating expression. Cis-regulatory elements key hubs this response control activation transcriptional hypoxia. In review, we will discuss genomic epigenomic structures modulated by activity adaptations variations O2 availability.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Chromatin Dynamics are Highly Subdiffusive Across Seven Orders of Magnitude DOI Creative Commons
Matteo Mazzocca, Domenic N. Narducci, Simon Grosse‐Holz

и другие.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Abstract Chromatin dynamics control the timescales of essential biological processes including DNA damage repair and activation gene promoters by distal enhancers. Prior chromatin studies have reported widely varying degrees subdiffusion, likely due to technical limitations. Here, we integrate MINFLUX—a recently developed single particle tracking method capable achieving microsecond time resolution—with traditional methodologies. We tracked across seven orders magnitude in both human mouse cells found strongly subdiffusive ( α ∼ 0.3). These are only mildly sensitive perturbations transcription, histone acetylation, topoisomerase II, while loop extrusion has a constraining effect. Search times under these observed extremely short for nearby loci (<100 nm), but almost impossibly long over larger distances (>1 µm). findings important implications involving two locus contacts such as enhancer-promoter search double-strand break repair.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Unraveling dynamics of nuclear pore and chromatin via HS-AFM DOI Creative Commons
Goro Nishide, Richard W. Wong

Anatomical Science International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 19, 2025

Abstract High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) enables real-time visualization of biological processes with nanometer-level resolution. This review highlights how HS-AFM has been instrumental in uncovering the dynamic interplay between nuclear pore complexes (NPCs)—which regulate nucleocytoplasmic transport—and genome guardians, including DNA repair proteins and chromatin regulators. Structurally, NPCs resemble a multi-layered spider cobweb, serving as crucial molecular gatekeepers for maintaining cellular homeostasis, while guardians safeguard genomic integrity through organization. Through HS-AFM, researchers have gained unprecedented insights into NPC dynamics, revealing their adaptability during transport, reorganization, viral infection. It also elucidated interact NPCs, influencing organization at periphery regulating trafficking. These discoveries underscore critical role NPC-genome interactions stability, gene expression, broad implications diseases such cancer, infections, neurodegenerative disorders. In conclusion, transformed our ability to study landscape nanoscale, bridging gap structural biology functional genomics. By capturing dynamics chromatin, provides an essential tool unraveling mechanisms that govern transport regulation. Future advancements technology, higher temporal resolution, correlative imaging, AI-driven analysis, will further expand its potential biomedical research, paving way novel diagnostic therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0