Energies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(5), С. 1082 - 1082
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025
Compression ignition engines are widely recognized for their reliability and efficiency, remaining essential transportation power generation despite the transition toward sustainable energy solutions. This study employs ANSYS Forte to analyze combustion performance characteristics of a direct-injection, single-cylinder, four-stroke engine fueled with an n-heptane-based diesel surrogate. The investigation considers varying SOI timings (−32.5°, −27.5°, −22.5°, −17.5° BTDC) EGR rates (0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%). simulation incorporates RNG k-ε turbulence model, power-law KH-RT spray breakup model. results indicate that optimal peak pressure temperature occur at −22.5° BTDC 0% EGR. Advancing enhances oxidation, reducing NOx CO emissions but increasing UHC due delayed fuel–air mixing. Higher lower in-cylinder pressure, temperature, HRR, while elevating levels oxygen depletion incomplete combustion. These findings highlight trade-offs between efficiency emissions, emphasizing need optimized strategies achieve balanced performance.
Язык: Английский