Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 137977 - 137977
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Advanced Energy Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(41)
Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2023
The huge amount of plastic wastes has become a pressing global environmental problem, leading to severe pollution and resource depletion through conventional downcycling technologies like incineration landfilling. In contrast, selective upcycling various plastics offers promising solution for converting waste into valuable products. This review provides comprehensive overview the recent advancements in innovative catalytic technologies, including thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis. Special emphasis is placed on elucidating reaction mechanisms, activating designated chemical bonds high selectivity, elaborating above techniques terms conditions Finally, application prospects future development trends catalysis are discussed, providing insights realizing sustainable circular economy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
42
ACS Catalysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(11), С. 8694 - 8719
Опубликована: Май 20, 2024
Microplastics (MPs, particle size < 5 mm) have become increasingly ubiquitous on Earth due to the cleavage and degradation of heavy use plastics. MPs recently been reported be detected in human blood, alveoli, breast milk, embryos, other organs, raising concerns about their environmental risks. Photocatalysis has identified as a potential means for conversion, which utilizes solar energy stimulate semiconductor photocatalyst. However, study photocatalytic conversion is still incubation period. This review overviews current state-of-the-art technologies conversion. Then, fundamental principles, challenges, analytical techniques, evaluation indexes reforming are highlighted. We systematically summarized recent advances key factors influencing performance. Finally, we propose some perspectives developing efficient systems MPs. will provide guideline applying technology MPs, significantly contribute this emerging research field.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
35
Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Март 20, 2024
Abstract Only a small proportion of global plastic waste is recycled, which most mechanically recycled into lower quality materials. The alternative, chemical recycling, enables renewed production pristine materials, but generally comes at high energy cost, particularly for processes like pyrolysis. This review focuses on light-driven approaches chemically recycling and upcycling waste, with emphasis reduced consumption selective transformations not achievable heat-driven methods. We focus challenging to recycle backbone structures composed mainly C‒C bonds, lack functional groups i.e., esters or amides, that facilitate e.g., by solvolysis. discuss the use light, either in conjunction heat drive depolymerization monomers via photocatalysis transform polymers valuable molecules. structural prerequisites these are outlined, highlighting their advantages as well limitations. conclude an outlook, addressing key challenges, opportunities, provide guidelines future photocatalyst (PC) development.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
33
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(19)
Опубликована: Март 11, 2024
Abstract Photocatalytic upcycling and depolymerization of vinyl polymers have emerged as promising strategies to combat plastic pollution promote a circular economy. This mini review critically summarizes current developments in the degradation including polystyrene poly(meth)acrylates. Of these material classes, polymethacrylates possess unique possibility undergo photocatalytic back monomer under thermodynamically favourable conditions, thus presenting significant advantages over traditional thermal strategies. Our perspective on formidable challenges potential future directions are also discussed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
32
Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(14), С. 7309 - 7327
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Oxidative degradation is a powerful method to degrade plastics into oligomers and small oxidized products. While thermal energy has been conventionally employed as an external stimulus, recent advances in photochemistry have enabled photocatalytic oxidative of polymers under mild conditions. This tutorial review presents overview degradation, from its earliest examples emerging strategies. briefly discusses the motivation development with focus on underlying mechanisms. Then, we will examine modern studies primarily relevant catalytic degradation. Lastly, highlight some unique using unconventional approaches for polymer such electrochemistry.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
26
Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 124(16), С. 9457 - 9579
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2024
The large production volumes of commodity polyolefins (specifically, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and poly(vinyl chloride)), in conjunction with their low unit values multitude short-term uses, have resulted a significant pressing waste management challenge. Only small fraction these is currently mechanically recycled, the rest being incinerated, accumulating landfills, or leaking into natural environment. Since are energy-rich materials, there considerable interest recouping some chemical value while simultaneously motivating more responsible end-of-life management. An emerging strategy catalytic depolymerization, which portion C-C bonds polyolefin backbone broken assistance catalyst and, cases, additional molecule reagents. When products molecules materials higher own right, as feedstocks, process called upcycling. This review summarizes recent progress for four major upcycling strategies: hydrogenolysis, (hydro)cracking, tandem processes involving metathesis, selective oxidation. Key considerations include macromolecular reaction mechanisms relative to mechanisms, design transformations, effect conditions on product selectivity. Metrics describing critically evaluated, an outlook future advances described.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
26
Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(3), С. 1363 - 1369
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
A photooxidation method was reported to facilitate the efficient degradation of polystyrene (PS) in air using porphyrin-based porous organic polymers (PPOPs). The is mild and effective promoting different PS derivatives.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
20
Chemical Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(5), С. 1611 - 1637
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2023
This review critically summarizes the recent achievement on various photocatalysts for plastic upcycling. A range of key factors affecting reaction kinetics/thermodynamics are also summarized.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
26
TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 173, С. 117631 - 117631
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
The pervasive presence of plastics in the environment, particularly microplastics, has become a significant global challenge, demanding innovative solutions for their management and upcycling. While traditional methods including landfill incineration face limitations environmental impact, emerging technologies offer promising pathways conversion into valuable chemicals fuels, operating under ambient conditions often utilizing sustainable energy sources. Considering current research progress plastic upgrading, it is necessary to summarize chemical upcycling waste. To this end, review provides an overall examination methodologies treatment, pyrolysis, hydrogenolysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis. Existing knowledge gaps future directions are then proposed. Overall, highlights potential these novel approaches aligning with principles circular economy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
13
The Innovation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(2), С. 100586 - 100586
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024
The chemical recycling of polyolefin presents a considerable challenge, especially as upcycling methods struggle with the reality that plastic wastes typically consist mixtures polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and polypropylene (PP). We report catalytic aerobic oxidative approach for polyolefins corresponding carboxylic acids product. This method encompasses three key innovations. First, it operates under atmospheric pressure mild conditions, using O
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12