Abstract
The
use
of
wastewater
irrigation
for
food
crops
can
lead
to
presence
bioavailable
phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
in
soils,
which
increase
the
potential
human
exposure
and
adverse
carcinogenic
non-cancer
health
effects.
This
study
presents
first
investigation
occurrence
distribution
PAEs
a
maize-wheat
double-cropping
system
wastewater-irrigated
area
North
China
Plain.
PAE
levels
maize
wheat
were
found
be
mainly
attributed
stores
soil
coarse
(250–2000
μm)
fine
sand
(53–250
fractions.
Soil
particle-size
fractions
with
higher
bioavailability
(i.e.,
sands)
showed
greater
influence
on
congener
bioconcentration
factors
compared
molecular
structures
both
tissues.
More
allocated
grains
increased
storages
from
irrigation.
Additional
findings
that
risk
congeners
than
those
maize,
suggesting
security
should
prioritized.
In
conclusion,
concentrations
specifically
indicate
pose
contamination
threat
resources.
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Июль 15, 2021
Phthalate
esters
(PEs)
are
by
far
the
most
produced
and
extensively
used
synthetic
organic
chemicals
with
notable
applications
in
many
industrial
products
such
as
vinyl
upholstery,
adhesives,
food
containers,
packaging
materials,
printing
inks,
cosmetics,
paints,
pharmaceuticals
munitions,
insecticides
among
other.
PEs
have
long
been
recognised
ubiquitous
pollutants
of
prime
environmental
concern,
urbanisation
amongst
main
cause
source
these
compounds.
Due
to
their
notoriety,
compounds
known
pose
devastating
effects
living
organisms
including
humans.
The
presence
metabolites
aquatic
ecosystems
is
concern
primarily
due
endocrine
disrupting
carcinogenicity
properties.
Several
research
studies
reported
prevalence,
exposure
pathways,
toxicity,
impacts
Their
principal
routes
could
be
direct
or
indirect,
which
route
include
contact,
eating,
drinking
contaminated
foods,
indirect
constitute
aerosols,
leaching
other
forms
contamination.
find
way
into
water
systems
through
means
effluent
discharges,
urban
agricultural
land
runoff,
from
waste
dumps
diffuse
sources.
High-end
instrumentation
improved
methodologies
on
hand
resulted
increased
ability
measure
trace
levels
(μg/L)
different
matrices
ecological
compartments
lakes,
oceans,
rivers,
sediments,
wetlands
samples.
In
light
above,
this
article
provides
an
informed
focused
information
prevalence
phthalate
related
Furthermore,
techniques
that
enabled
extraction
analysis
samples
also
explained.
Future
outlooks
needs
highlighted
manuscript.
This
will
better
understand
temporal
spatial
distributions
aid
devising
prudent
curtail
footprints.
