Abstract
The
use
of
wastewater
irrigation
for
food
crops
can
lead
to
presence
bioavailable
phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
in
soils,
which
increase
the
potential
human
exposure
and
adverse
carcinogenic
non-cancer
health
effects.
This
study
presents
first
investigation
occurrence
distribution
PAEs
a
maize-wheat
double-cropping
system
wastewater-irrigated
area
North
China
Plain.
PAE
levels
maize
wheat
were
found
be
mainly
attributed
stores
soil
coarse
(250–2000
μm)
fine
sand
(53–250
fractions.
Soil
particle-size
fractions
with
higher
bioavailability
(i.e.,
sands)
showed
greater
influence
on
congener
bioconcentration
factors
compared
molecular
structures
both
tissues.
More
allocated
grains
increased
storages
from
irrigation.
Additional
findings
that
risk
congeners
than
those
maize,
suggesting
security
should
prioritized.
In
conclusion,
concentrations
specifically
indicate
pose
contamination
threat
resources.
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(7), С. e0287504 - e0287504
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023
Due
to
the
increasing
population
of
world,
presence
harmful
compounds,
especially
phthalate
esters
(PAEs),
are
one
important
problems
environmental
pollution.
These
compounds
known
as
carcinogenic
and
Endocrine-disrupting
chemicals
(EDCs)
for
humans.
In
this
study,
occurrence
PAEs
evaluation
its
ecological
risks
were
carried
out
in
Persian
Gulf.
Water
samples
collected
from
two
industrial
sites,
a
rural
site
an
urban
site.
Samples
analyzed
using
magnetic
solid
phase
extraction
(MSPE)
gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(GC/MS)
technique
measure
seven
including
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
(DEHP),
butyl
benzyl
(BBP),
diethyl
(DEP),
dibutyl
(DBP),
Dimethyl
(DMP),
di-n-octyl
(DNOP),
Di-iso-butyl
(DIBP).
The
BBP
was
not
detected
any
samples.
total
concentration
six
(Σ6PAEs)
ranged
7.23
23.7
μg/L,
with
mean
13.7μg/L.
potential
risk
each
target
evaluated
by
quotient
(RQ)
method
seawater
samples,
relative
results
declined
sequence
DEHP
>DIBP
>
DBP
DEP
DMP
examined
water
had
high
algae,
crustaceans
fish
at
all
sites.
While
showed
lower
mentioned
trophic
levels.
study
will
be
helpful
implementation
effective
control
measures
remedial
strategies
pollution
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
10(9), С. e0137998 - e0137998
Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2015
The
Wangyang
River
(WYR)
basin
is
a
typical
wastewater
irrigation
area
in
Hebei
Province,
North
China.
This
study
investigated
the
concentration
and
distribution
of
six
priority
phthalate
esters
(PAEs)
agricultural
soils
this
area.
Thirty-nine
soil
samples
(0–20
cm)
were
collected
along
WYR
to
assess
PAE
residues
soils.
Results
showed
that
PAEs
are
ubiquitous
environmental
contaminants
topsoil
obtained
from
concentrations
Σ6PAEs
range
0.191
μg
g−1
dw
0.457
with
an
average
value
0.294
dw.
Di(2-ethylhexyl)
(DEHP)
di-n-butyl
(DnBP)
dominant
species
Among
DEHP
concentrations,
highest
was
found
at
sites
close
villages;
result
suggested
dense
anthropogenic
activities
random
garbage
disposal
rural
possible
sources
PAEs.
weakly
positively
correlated
organic
carbon
enzyme
activities;
thus,
these
factors
can
affect
further
only
dimethyl
(DMP)
exceeded
recommended
allowable
concentrations;
no
remediation
measures
necessary
control
However,
may
pose
potential
risk
ecosystem
human
health
Therefore,
exacerbating
pollution
should
be
addressed.
Abstract
The
use
of
wastewater
irrigation
for
food
crops
can
lead
to
presence
bioavailable
phthalic
acid
esters
(PAEs)
in
soils,
which
increase
the
potential
human
exposure
and
adverse
carcinogenic
non-cancer
health
effects.
This
study
presents
first
investigation
occurrence
distribution
PAEs
a
maize-wheat
double-cropping
system
wastewater-irrigated
area
North
China
Plain.
PAE
levels
maize
wheat
were
found
be
mainly
attributed
stores
soil
coarse
(250–2000
μm)
fine
sand
(53–250
fractions.
Soil
particle-size
fractions
with
higher
bioavailability
(i.e.,
sands)
showed
greater
influence
on
congener
bioconcentration
factors
compared
molecular
structures
both
tissues.
More
allocated
grains
increased
storages
from
irrigation.
Additional
findings
that
risk
congeners
than
those
maize,
suggesting
security
should
prioritized.
In
conclusion,
concentrations
specifically
indicate
pose
contamination
threat
resources.