Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38(10)
Опубликована: Март 25, 2024
Rationale
Plastic
mulch
film
manages
weed
growth
and
moisture
loss
on
the
surface
of
cropping
beds.
The
chemical
components
such
plastics
include
polymer(s),
additives
non‐intentionally
added
substances
(NIASs).
unknown
nature
behaviours
these
constituents
require
investigation
due
to
their
potential
add
anthropogenic
burden
in
agrifood
system.
Methods
Solvent
extracts
a
commercial
15%
polylactic
acid
(PLA)/85%
poly(butylene
adipate‐
co
‐terephthalate)
were
investigated
using
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry
(GC–MS)
with
electron
ionisation
characterise
additive
NIAS
components.
obscurity
some
NIASs
meant
identification
was
not
readily
achieved
through
routine
MS
library
comparisons.
As
such,
several
polymer‐derived
compounds
required
interpretation
data
re‐application
derived
fragmentation
patterns
reference
wider
literature.
Unknowns
confirmed
commercially
available
compounds.
Results
Unknown
identified
as
cyclic
oligoesters
comprised
monomeric
building
blocks
polymer
Cyclic
structures
from
monomers
polybutylene
adipate
(PBA)
terephthalate
(PBT)
fragmented
primary
pathway
involving
1,5‐
1,3‐H
transfers
at
ester
linkages.
Characteristic
ions
m/z
111,
129,
183
201
for
PBA‐derived
104,
132,
149
221
PBT‐derived
assigned
mass
spectra
unknowns.
containing
sebacate
moieties
also
identified,
indicating
presence
an
unexpected
component
mulch.
Conclusions
Systematic
analyses
sort
reported
here
are
valuable
providing
alternative
approaches
plastic‐related
chemicals.
Open
publication
spectral
is
build
greater
understanding
contributing
environmental
load
introduced
agroecosystems.
Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024
Plastic
pollutants
have
emerged
as
one
of
the
biggest
environmental
concerns
in
recent
times.
The
potential
hazards
arise
from
presence
additives
within
microplastics
(MPs),
which
can
leach
into
environment.
These
serve
a
multitude
purposes,
resulting
diverse
range
compounds
used
plastic
formulation.
elements
are
commonly
integrated
molding
processes
to
enhance
usability,
optimize
material
performance,
and
reduce
costs.
Throughout
lifespan
plastics,
there
exists
for
release
unpolymerized
monomers
(sometimes
more
toxic)
that
not
chemically
bound
polymers;
these
pose
risks
environment
and,
ultimately,
human
well-being.
Assessing
impact
MPs
on
life
requires
determining
precise
chemical
composition
level
exposure
additives.
Phthalates
flame
retardants
currently
focus
extensive
examination
due
their
widespread
Following
closely
behind
stabilizers
antioxidants,
also
undergoing
evaluation.
Chemical
like
hexabromocyclododecanes
(HBCDs)
polybrominated
diphenyl
ethers
(PBDEs)
possess
characteristics
such
persistence,
bioaccumulation,
toxicity.
understanding
ecotoxicological
implications
discharge
primary
materials
remains
limited
at
present.
current
state
issues
concerning
regulations
transparency
regarding
additive
chemicals
is
marked
by
significant
lack
openness
clarity.
It
paramount
thoroughly
comprehend
assess
ecosystems
face
leaching,
degradation,
eventual
fate
when
plastics
released
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(31), С. 13929 - 13939
Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024
The
migration
and
risk
of
organophosphate
esters
(OPEs)
in
agricultural
air-soil-plant
multimedia
systems
due
to
plastic
film
application
remain
unclear.
This
study
investigates
the
distribution
traditional
OPEs
(TOPEs),
novel
(NOPEs),
their
transformation
products
(POPEs)
solar
greenhouses.
total
concentration
OPE-associated
contaminants
air
airborne
particles
ranged
from
594
1560
pg/m
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
265, С. 114539 - 114539
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
Many
phthalates
have
been
identified
as
endocrine-disrupting
chemicals
because
they
alter
hormone
functions
throughout
the
lifespan.
Nationally
representative
biomonitoring
data
are
available
from
United
States,
Canada,
and
Europe,
but
elsewhere
sparse,
making
extrapolations
of
related
disease
disability
burdens
difficult.
We
therefore
examined
trends
in
urinary
phthalate
metabolite
concentrations
non-occupationally
exposed
populations
countries
other
than
where
already
at
country
level.
systematically
reviewed
studies
published
between
2000
2023
analyzed
changes
across
time
using
mixed-effects
meta-regression
models
with
without
a
quadratic
term
for
time.
controlled
region,
age,
pregnancy
status,
heterogeneity
Cochran's
Q-statistic
I2
index.
Our
final
analysis
consisted
216
studies.
Non-pregnant
youth
exhibited
nearly
2.0-fold
or
greater
difference
concentration
compared
to
pregnant
adult
populations.
Phthalates
significant
regional
differences
had
10-fold
higher
Middle
East
South
Asia
regions.
meta-regressions
an
exponential
increase
DBP
exposure
through
MnBP
internationally
(beta:
0.65
ng/mL/year2)
Eastern
Pacific
(EPA)
0.78
ng/mL/year2).
Most
DEHP
DnOP
metabolites
significantly
declined
EPA,
while
MEP
by
10.62
ng/mL
Latin
America
8.98
Africa
over
findings
fill
gaps
set
stage
further
attributable
burden
cost
international
levels,
especially
low-
middle-income
countries.
Environmental Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
255, С. 119177 - 119177
Опубликована: Май 23, 2024
Various
plastic
materials
are
used
in
contact
with
agricultural
soil,
like
mulching
films,
crop
covers,
weed
controlling
fabrics
and
nets.
Polyethylene
(PE)
mulches
have
already
been
recognized
as
a
significant
source
of
soil
they
shown
to
contain
additives
phthalates,
known
endocrine
disruptors.
However,
other
plastics
less
studied,
little
is
on
the
substances
potentially
released
from
them
endangering
biodiversity
human
health.
This
research
aims
assess
whether
different
release
into
compare
among
various
materials.
We
collected
samples
38
fields
where
conventional
films
(PE),
(PP),
biodegradable
based
polybutylene
adipate
terephthalate
(PBAT),
frost
covers
oxo-degradable
(at
least
OXO-PE)
were
used.
analyzed
soils
for
phthalates
acetyl
tributyl
citrate
(ATBC),
additives,
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAH)
dodecane
that
high
affinity
plastics.
In
comparison
control
soils,
dibutylphthalate
(DBP)
ATBC
concentrations
significantly
higher
mulched
PE
and,
partly,
films.
DBP
concentration
found
ranged
between
below
limit
quantification
at
site
(1.5
μg
kg
