Journal of Advanced Research,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
48, С. 125 - 156
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2022
The
Middle
East
and
North
Africa
(MENA)
countries
are
rapidly
growing
in
population
with
very
limited
access
to
freshwater
resources.
To
overcome
this
challenge,
seawater
desalination
is
proposed
as
an
effective
solution,
most
MENA
have
easy
saline
water.
However,
processes
massive
demand
for
energy,
which
mostly
met
by
fossil
fuel-driven
power
plants.
rapid
technological
advancements
renewable
energy
technologies,
along
their
gradually
decreasing
cost
place
energy-driven
plants
a
promising
alternative
conventional
fuel-powered
plants.In
the
current
work,
energy-powered
region
investigated.
Various
technologies
resources,
particularly
those
available
discussed.
A
detailed
discussion
of
suitable
storage
incorporation
into
systems
also
included.The
progress
made
implementing
summarized
analyzed
describing
overall
trend
giving
recommendations
potential
amalgamation
energies
(REs)
technologies.
Finally,
case
study
region,
Al
Khafji
solar
reverse
osmosis
(SWRO)
plant
Kingdom
Saudi
Arabia
KSA,
used
demonstrate
implementation
REs
drive
processes.
MRS Energy & Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9(2), С. 212 - 247
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022
Abstract
Metals
and
alloys
are
among
the
most
technologically
important
materials
for
our
industrialized
societies.
They
common
structural
used
in
cars,
airplanes
buildings,
constitute
technological
core
of
electronic
devices.
allow
transportation
energy
over
great
distances
exploited
critical
parts
renewable
technologies.
Even
though
primary
metal
production
industries
mature
operate
optimized
pyrometallurgical
processes,
they
extensively
rely
on
cheap
abundant
carbonaceous
reactants
(fossil
fuels,
coke),
require
high
power
heating
units
(which
also
typically
powered
by
fossil
fuels)
to
calcine,
roast,
smelt
refine,
generate
many
output
streams
with
residual
content.
Many
unit
operations
hazardous
gaseous
species
top
large
CO
2
emissions
which
gas-scrubbing
capture
strategies
future.
Therefore,
there
still
opportunities
lower
environmental
footprint
key
operations.
This
paper
explores
possibility
use
greener
such
as
bio-fuels,
bio-char,
hydrogen
ammonia
different
units.
It
identifies
all
recycled
that
available
(such
steel
aluminum
scraps,
waste
Li-ion
batteries)
well
challenges
associated
their
integration
processes.
A
complete
discussion
about
alternatives
carbon-based
reduction
is
constructed
around
hydrogen,
metallo-reduction
inert
anode
electrometallurgy.
The
review
work
completed
an
overview
approaches
energies
valorize
heat
Finally,
mitigate
impacts
utilization
storage
gas
scrubbing
technologies
detailed.
original
brings
together
first
time
potential
efforts
could
be
deployed
future
decrease
industry.
primarily
intended
favour
collaborative
establish
synergies
between
academia,
industry,
decision-makers
equipment
providers.
Graphical
abstract
Highlights
more
sustainable
metals
using
reactants,
green
electricity
or
carbon
possible
sometimes
already
underway.
More
investments
pressure
required
hasten
change.
Discussion
Is
enough
meet
set
climate
targets?
greenhouse
existing
facilities
can
often
partly
mitigated
retrofitting
them
technologies,
should
we
close
plants
prematurely
build
new
technologies?
Since
resources
presently
have
limited
availability,
sector
maximize
benefits?
Cleaner Engineering and Technology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
8, С. 100497 - 100497
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2022
Egypt
has
a
significant
role
in
international
energy
transit,
being
one
of
the
major
economies
African
continent.
However,
its
sector
is
still
overwhelmed
with
local
demands.
It
been
predicted
that
Egypt's
CO2
emissions
could
increase
by
around
125%
from
2012
to
2035
if
nation's
demand
met
using
conventional
power
generation
technologies.
Given
signed
Kyoto
protocol
and
recognised
cooperation
facing
climate
change,
country
should
focus
on
meeting
growing
clean
In
meantime,
many
challenges
due
water
scarcity
issues
environmental
risks
arising
lack
efficient
solid
waste
management
strategies
over
last
few
decades.
country's
crude
oil
reserves
might
be
depleted
within
next
15
years
or
so.
To
face
these
effectively
enforce
Egyptian
renewable
(RE)
technologies
their
applications
main
current/future
frameworks.
This
review
summarises
current
outlook
while
analysing
potential
harness
sustainable
sources.
general,
it
found
yet
exploited
for
production
through
diverse
plentiful
resources.
Eventually,
two
scenarios
have
proposed
consider
achieving
target,
which
generate
42%
need
study
help
other
countries
set
way
forward
NET
ZERO
target
whole
world
aims
fulfil
