Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(3), С. 275 - 301

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2022

Abstract The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel of the Montreal Protocol under United Nations Environment Programme evaluates effects on environment and human health that arise from changes in stratospheric ozone layer concomitant variations ultraviolet (UV) radiation at Earth’s surface. current update is based scientific advances have accumulated since our last assessment (Photochem Photobiol Sci 20(1):1–67, 2021). We also discuss how climate change affects depletion radiation, change. resulting interlinking depletion, UV are assessed terms air quality, carbon sinks, ecosystems, health, natural synthetic materials. further highlight potential impacts biosphere extreme events occurring with increasing frequency as a consequence These other interactive examined respect to benefits its Amendments providing life Earth by controlling production various substances contribute both

Язык: Английский

---

Interactive effects of changes in UV radiation and climate on terrestrial ecosystems, biogeochemical cycles, and feedbacks to the climate system

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(5), С. 1049 - 1091

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Terrestrial organisms and ecosystems are being exposed to new rapidly changing combinations of solar UV radiation other environmental factors because ongoing changes in stratospheric ozone climate. In this Quadrennial Assessment, we examine the interactive effects ozone, climate on terrestrial biogeochemical cycles context Montreal Protocol. We specifically assess organisms, agriculture food supply, biodiversity, ecosystem services feedbacks system. Emphasis is placed role extreme events altering exposure potential biodiversity. also address responses plants increased temporal variability radiation, change (e.g. drought, temperature) crops, driving breakdown organic matter from dead plant material (i.e. litter) biocides (pesticides herbicides). Our assessment indicates that interact various ways affect structure function ecosystems, by protecting layer, Protocol continues play a vital maintaining healthy, diverse land sustain life Earth. Furthermore, its Kigali Amendment mitigating some negative consequences limiting emissions greenhouse gases carbon sequestration vegetation pool.

Язык: Английский

---

Urban forest invertebrates: how they shape and respond to the urban environment

Urban Ecosystems, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(6), С. 1589 - 1609

Опубликована: Май 19, 2022

Abstract Invertebrates comprise the most diversified animal group on Earth. Due to their long evolutionary history and small size, invertebrates occupy a remarkable range of ecological niches, play an important role as “ecosystem engineers” by structuring networks mutualistic antagonistic interactions in almost all terrestrial ecosystems. Urban forests provide critical ecosystem services humans, and, other systems, are central maintaining functioning urban forests. Identifying can help elucidate importance practitioners public, not only preserve biodiversity environments, but also make public aware functional healthy greenspaces. In this review, we examine multiple roles that contribute service provisioning, including pollination, predation, herbivory, seed microorganism dispersal organic matter decomposition, those lead disservices, primarily from health perspective, e.g., transmission invertebrate-borne diseases. We then identify number filters structure forest invertebrate communities, such changes habitat structure, increased landscape imperviousness, microclimatic pollution. discuss complexity ways respond urbanisation, acclimation, local extinction evolution. Finally, present management recommendations support conserve viable diverse populations into future.

Язык: Английский

---

Adapting to climate extremes: Implications for insect populations and sustainable solutions

Journal for Nature Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 79, С. 126602 - 126602

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Extreme weather events have strong but different impacts on plant and insect phenology

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Long-term data in agricultural landscapes indicate that insect decline promotes pests well adapted to environmental changes

Journal of Pest Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 97(3), С. 1281 - 1297

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Abstract Increasing evidence suggests that land-use intensification contributes to destabilization of trophic networks insect communities in agriculture resulting a loss biodiversity. However, more detailed understanding the causes and consequences widely reported decline is still lacking. Here, we used standardised daily long-term data on activity flying insects (~ 250 d/year) describe interactive effects climate warming intensively cultivated regions changes predatory taxa general trend regulation herbivores. While intensely managed landscapes examined this study show substantial several taxonomic groups (95.1% total biomass 24 year), aphids support assumption biodiversity often closely associated with arising pest problems. Aphids being pests agroecosystems develop earlier spring overall higher annual abundances. The highlight regional abundances have declined over recent decades agricultural landscapes, thus indicating fundamental food webs herbivore performance.

Язык: Английский

---

Identification of spatial distribution and drivers for grasshopper populations based on geographic detectors

Ecological Indicators, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 154, С. 110500 - 110500

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Grasshoppers are important elements for supporting ecosystem services which make it to understand their spatial distribution characteristics reduce outbreaks, implement effective control while minimizing non-target impacts. The software package Geographical Detector (GD) was used rank the interaction and effects of 19 environmental factors on grasshopper species were quantified in four types steppes Northwestern, China. Results showed that insect mainly influenced by elevation (q = 0.44). Among factor interactions, ∩ average annual precipitation 0.795) strongest, followed soil available nitrogen 0.722). Temperate meadow steppe temperate identified as areas at greatest risk grasshopper’s occurrence. This research shows could be provided a useful tool identify driving forces distribution. Our also offers new method more broadly interactions between different drivers explain other insects.

Язык: Английский

---

Interspecific differences in thermal tolerance landscape explain aphid community abundance under climate change

Journal of Thermal Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 114, С. 103583 - 103583

Опубликована: Май 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Predicted range expansion of Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under projected climate change scenarios

Journal of Economic Entomology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 117(4), С. 1686 - 1700

Опубликована: Май 16, 2024

Abstract The larger grain borer (Prostephanus truncatus [Horn] [Coleoptera: Bostrichidae]) is a wood-boring insect native to Central America and adapted stored maize cassava. It was accidentally introduced Tanzania became pest across central Africa. Unlike many pests, P. populations can establish move within forests. Consequently, novel infestations occur without human influence. objectives of our study were (i) develop an updated current suitability projection for truncatus, (ii) assess its potential future distribution under different climate change scenarios, (iii) identify variables that best inform the model. We used WALLACE MaxEnt predict global by incorporating bioclimatic occurrence records. Future models projected 2050 2070 with Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6 (low change) 8.5 (high change). Distribution most limited high precipitation cold temperatures. Globally, highly suitable areas (> 75%) primarily occurred along coastal equatorial regions in northern South America, India, southeastern Asia, Indonesia, Philippines, totaling 7% conditions. Highly at RCPs are estimated increase 12% 15%, respectively, 19% RCP 8.5. Centroids show centers moving more inshore away from equator. Notably, result range expansion, not shift. Results be decrease biosecurity risks through spatially explicit timely surveillance programs targeting exclusion this pest.

Язык: Английский

---

Aphidophagous ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and climate change: a review

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 14(6), С. 709 - 722

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2021

Abstract I here review the potential effects of climate change on aphidophagous ladybirds and their future diversity. Aphidophagous face challenges arising directly from climatic indirect due to effect aphid prey other organisms with which they interact. Ladybirds show at least some respond changes through genetic or phenotypic plasticity, notably in colour pattern, dormancy voltinism but also thermal physiology microhabitat habitat plasticity. Phenological will likely occur many species relations prey. Changes abundance may lead ladybird associations over season. The tendency multiple insulate predators decline resulting particular aphids. Like insects, geographic ranges as track climate. This is evidenced by fossil record recent biogeography. Such be accompanied a degree phenological adaptation. It that cold‐adapted island go extinct. Specialised threatened. A problem assessing threat latter minimal amount research carried out specialised species. In summary, exhibit resilience against change, overall biodiversity are not fully clear.

Язык: Английский

---