Environmental Pollution,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
317, С. 120788 - 120788
Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2022
Soils
play
a
very
important
role
in
ecosystems
sustainability,
either
natural
or
agricultural
ones,
serving
as
an
essential
support
for
living
organisms
of
different
kinds.
However,
the
current
context
extremely
high
plastic
pollution,
soils
are
highly
threatened.
Plastics
can
change
chemical
and
physical
properties
may
also
affect
biota.
Of
particular
importance
is
fact
that
plastics
be
fragmented
into
microplastics
and,
to
final
extent
nanoplastics.
Due
their
low
size
surface
area,
nanoplastics
even
have
higher
impact
soil
ecosystems.
Their
transport
through
edaphic
environment
regulated
by
physicochemical
particles
themselves,
anthropic
activities
biota
interactions.
degradation
associated
with
series
mechanical,
photo-,
thermo-,
bio-mediated
transformations
eventually
conducive
mineralisation.
tiny
precisely
main
setback
when
it
comes
sampling
subsequent
processes
identification
quantification,
albeit
pyrolysis
coupled
gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
other
spectroscopic
techniques
proven
useful
analysis.
Another
issue
consequence
minuscule
lies
uptake
plants
roots
ingestion
dwelling
fauna,
producing
morphological
deformations,
damage
organs
physiological
malfunctions,
well
risks
entrance
food
chain,
although
conclusions
not
always
consistent
show
same
pattern
effects.
Thus,
given
omnipresence
seriousness
menace,
this
review
article
pretends
provide
general
overview
most
recent
data
available
regarding
determination,
occurrence,
fate
effects
soils,
special
emphasis
on
ecological
implications.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2021
The
ubiquitous
exposure
of
humans
to
microplastics
(MPs)
through
inhalation
particles
in
air
and
ingestion
dust,
water,
diet
is
well
established.
Humans
are
estimated
ingest
tens
thousands
millions
MP
annually,
or
on
the
order
several
milligrams
daily.
Available
information
suggests
that
indoor
drinking
water
bottled
plastic
major
sources
exposure.
Little
known
occurrence
MPs
human
diet.
Evidence
accumulating
feeding
bottles
medical
devices
can
contribute
newborns
infants.
Biomonitoring
studies
stool,
fetus,
placenta
provide
direct
evidence
infants
children.
<20
µm
were
reported
cross
biological
membranes.
Although
plastics
once
perceived
as
inert
materials,
laboratory
animals
linked
various
forms
inflammation,
immunological
response,
endocrine
disruption,
alteration
lipid
energy
metabolism,
other
disorders.
Whereas
itself
a
concern,
also
be
additives
toxicants.
Exposure
cell
lines
such
phthalates,
bisphenols,
organotins
causes
adverse
effects
activation
nuclear
receptors,
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptors
(PPARs)
α,
β,
γ,
retinoid
X
receptor
(RXR),
leading
oxidative
stress,
cytotoxicity,
immunotoxicity,
thyroid
hormone
altered
adipogenesis
production.
size,
shape,
chemical
composition,
surface
charge,
hydrophobicity
influence
their
toxicity.
Maternal
transfer
developing
fetus
has
been
demonstrated
exposed
analysis
placenta.
In
animal
studies,
maternal
metabolism
offspring
subsequent
generations.
Moreover,
concomitant
with
global
increase
production,
prevalence
overweight
obesity
populations
increased
over
past
five
decades,
there
support
hypothesis
potential
obesogens.
Even
though
exposures
toxic
from
systematic
this
topic
remain
urgently
needed.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9(3), С. e14359 - e14359
Опубликована: Март 1, 2023
Microplastics,
the
microscopic
plastics,
are
fragments
of
any
type
plastic
that
being
produced
today
as
waste
originating
from
anthropogenic
activities.
Such
microplastics
discharged
into
environment,
and
they
enter
back
human
body
through
different
means.
The
spread
in
environment
due
to
environmental
factors
inherent
properties
microplastics,
such
density,
hydrophobicity,
recalcitrance,
then
eventually
water
environment.
In
this
study,
better
understand
behavior
an
extensive
literature
review
was
conducted
on
occurrence
aquatic
environments
categorized
by
seawater,
wastewater,
freshwater.
We
summarized
abundance
distribution
studied
affecting
them
detail.
addition,
focusing
sampling
pretreatment
processes
can
limit
analysis
results
we
discussed
depth
methods,
density
separation,
organic
matter
digestion
methods
for
each
Finally,
potential
hazards
posed
aging
adsorption
pollutants
or
ingestion
organisms,
exposure
were
also
investigated.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
424, С. 127529 - 127529
Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2021
In
recent
decades,
much
attention
has
been
paid
to
microplastic
pollution,
and
research
on
microplastics
begun
grow
exponentially.
However,
still
suffers
from
the
lack
of
standardized
protocols
methods
for
investigation
under
laboratory
conditions.
Therefore,
in
this
review,
we
summarize
critically
discuss
results
715
studies
published
last
five
years
provide
recommendations
future
research.
Analysis
data
revealed
that
majority
particles
used
are
manufactured
spheres
polystyrene
ranging
size
1
50
µm,
half
did
not
characterize
used,
a
minority
aged
particles,
investigated
leaching
chemicals
microplastics,
or
natural
as
control.
There
is
large
discrepancy
between
those
found
environment,
many
suffer
environmental
relevance
incomplete
information
used.
We
have
summarized
discussed
these
issues
provided
focusing
(i)
selection,
(ii)
characterization,
(iii)
test
design
microplastics.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
158, С. 106922 - 106922
Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2021
The
safety
of
microplastics
(MPs)
and
associated
health
effects
has
been
one
the
major
concerns
worldwide.
However,
role
photoaging
toward
risk
MPs
in
water
ecosystems
remains
inconclusive
yet.
In
this
study,
size
polyamide
(PA,
∼32.50
μm)
was
obviously
decreased
after
containing
fulvic
acid
(FA)
humic
(HA)
(∼19.75
∼24.30
μm,
respectively).
Nanoplastics
were
formed
(4.65%
2.03%,
respectively)
hydrophilia
colloidal
stability
improved
due
to
formation
oxygen-containing
functional
groups.
FA-aged
PA
exhibited
higher
inhibition
on
body
length
weight
developing
zebrafish
than
HA-aged
pristine
PA.
Photoaged
intestine
more
difficult
be
depurated
by
zebrafish,
leading
disappearance
intestinal
folding,
shedding
enterocytes,
emaciation
microvilli.
Dietary
lipid
digestion
larvae
inhibited
aged
oxidative
stress-triggered
peroxidation
lipase
activities
bile
acids
secretion.
Exposure
photoaged
down-regulated
genes
(cd36,
dgat1a,
dgat2,
mttp,
etc.)
with
triglyceride
resynthesis
transportation,
resulting
maladsorption
growth
inhibition.
Our
findings
highlight
potential
negative
environmentally
diet
nutrient
assimilation
fish.
