Soil water storage capacity and soil nutrients drive tree ring growth of six European tree species across a steep environmental gradient

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 554, С. 121599 - 121599

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

Tree growth depends on tree-intrinsic attributes, synecological interactions, atmospheric conditions and soil properties. While the influence of tree factors climate are analysed in detail many studies, effect properties is less investigated compensatory effects often not quantified. In this study, we use a comprehensive dataset 1659 increment cores from six common Central European species (Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, Quercus spp.) sampled at 1562 locations across large environmental gradients Eastern Alps. Soil data was available an extensive survey including pits, laboratory analysis application pedotransfer-functions. Up to three main per site were ring widths dendrochronologically measured synchronized. Topographic information high-resolution Digital Terrain Model, biometric measures each site. To determine water storage capacity nutrient status, used generalized additive models expand standard well-known drivers growth, age, climatic balance temperature. For time span 38 years 1981 until 2018, found species-specific impacts growth. Specifically, acted as buffer overcome drought periods, particular for deep rooting like spp. Abies alba. addition, reactions status nutrient-demanding likes sylvatica but no demanding sylvestris. Our results show magnitude relation other radial species. Therefore, posit that, while age do have stronger it important consider factor, particularly distribution margins along gradients.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the impact of multi-year droughts on German forests in the context of increased tree mortality

Ecological Modelling, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 492, С. 110696 - 110696

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024

Forests play a crucial role in climate regulation and societal well-being. Despite their significance, the increasing frequency of droughts poses severe threat to forest ecosystems, impacting carbon sequestration stability. In Germany, unprecedented 2018–2020 drought resulted extensive tree mortality damaged wood volume, with lasting effects observed subsequent years. As models project continuation such droughts, understanding impact on forests becomes imperative. However, it is unclear how will evolve future if duration continues increase. This study employs model analyze across various German types, focusing periods influence productivity. By utilizing an individual-based growth national inventories, addresses critical knowledge gaps regarding multi-year biomass productivity including monocultures mixed forests. The simulations consider drought-induced large increase caused by factors as pest infestations diseases Germany. Our simulation results reveal declining aboveground gross primary production (GPP) for all simulated scenarios, three- six-year drought. GPP reduced 46 % 3-year scenario 58 6-year scenario. Notably, prolonged lead cumulative losses, saturation effect scenarios exceeding eight Forest stand composition influences these impacts, greater losses low-biomass stands. Furthermore, different types exhibit varying responses. Monocultures even-sized (mostly planted managed forests) are more sensitive than uneven-sized provide valuable insights into resilience ecosystem responses increasingly frequent highlighting importance inform management strategies. Modelling biotic dynamics process-based manner remains challenge that requires research.

Язык: Английский

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Drought impacts in forest canopy and deciduous tree saplings in Central European forests

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 509, С. 120075 - 120075

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Timing and duration of drought modulate tree growth response in pure and mixed stands of Scots pine and Norway spruce

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 110(11), С. 2673 - 2683

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2022

Abstract Climate change is increasing the severity and frequency of droughts around globe, leading to tree mortality that reduces production provision other ecosystem services. Recent studies show growth mixed stands may be more resilient drought than pure stands. The two most economically important widely distributed species in Europe are Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst) Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L.), but little known about their susceptibility when coexist. This paper analyses resilience (resistance, recovery rate time) at individual‐tree level using a network tree‐ring collections from 22 sites along climatic gradient central Scandinavia. We aimed identify differences following between stands, how environmental variables (climate, topography site location) characteristics influence them. found both timing duration drive different responses compositions. showed higher vulnerability summer drought, with lower resistance longer time pine. Mixtures provided for compared benefit decreases drought. Especially climate sensitive old trees climatically marginal were affected by stress. Synthesis . Promoting forests promising strategy adapting European change. However, if future become longer, advantage could disappear which would especially negative spruce.

Язык: Английский

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Meteorological history of low-forest-greenness events in Europe in 2002–2022

Biogeosciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(6), С. 1155 - 1180

Опубликована: Март 30, 2023

Abstract. Forest dieback in Europe has recently intensified and become more extensive. This is strongly influenced by meteorological variations of temperature, T2m, precipitation, P, can be monitored with forest greenness. study quantitatively investigates the 3-year history preceding events reduced greenness Europe's temperate Mediterranean biome a systematic approach. A specific focus lies timing unusually persistent strong anomalies T2m as well their relation to synoptic weather systems. pragmatic approach based on remote sensing observations normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) serves identify low-forest-NDVI at 50 km scale June August 2002–2022. We quantify impact hottest summer record 2022, which, according our criteria, negatively affected 37 % regions, thereby extensively than any other The low-NDVI occurred particularly dry hot summers, but histories also featured significant further past, clear differences between biome. key feature anomalous accumulation periods (i.e., P deficit) over 26 34 months biome, respectively. In only, was anomalously during almost same 26-month period distinctive peaks late past three growing seasons. While hot–dry conditions were characteristic already previous summer, we find hardly precursor prior event year. identified went along cyclone activity positive anticyclone frequency occurrence these two systems locally nuanced, showing, e.g., consistently increased decreased western northern Europe, respectively, all summers. Finally, are useful test whether observed impacts, structural overshoot, systematically investigated events. summary, investigations multi-annual provided evidence how surface synoptic-scale up 3 years European observation record-extensive 2022 underlines that understanding forest–meteorology interaction particular relevance for changing climate.

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive resilience assessment of Mexican tree species and their relationship with drought events over the last century

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(13), С. 3652 - 3666

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2023

The resilience of forests to drought events has become a major natural resource sustainability concern, especially in response climate change. Yet, little is known about the legacy effects repeated droughts, and tree species ability respond across environmental gradients. In this study, we used tree-ring database (121 sites) evaluate overall last century. We investigated how geography affected at level. evaluated temporal trends using predictive mixed linear modeling approach. found that pointer years (e.g., growth reduction) occurred during 11.3% 20th century, with an average decrease 66% compared previous period. occurrence was associated negative values Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI, 81.6%) Palmer Drought Severity (PDSI, 77.3%). Tree differed their capacity, however, inhabiting xeric conditions were less resistant but higher recovery rates Abies concolor, Pinus lambertiana, jeffreyi). On average, needed 2.7 recover from events, extreme cases requiring more than decade reach pre-drought rates. main abiotic factor related precipitation, confirming some are better adapted resist droughts. variation for all indices (scaled 100), decreasing resistance (-0.56 by decade) (-0.22 decade), (+1.72 relative rate (+0.33 decade). Our results emphasize importance time series forest resilience, particularly distinguishing species-level context which likely frequent intense under changing climate.

Язык: Английский

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Recent growth decline and shifts in climatic growth constraints suggest climate vulnerability of beech, Douglas fir, pine and oak in Northern Germany

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 566, С. 122022 - 122022

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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A warmer climate impairs the growth performance of Central Europe's major timber species in lowland regions

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 941, С. 173665 - 173665

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Recent hot droughts have caused tree vitality decline and increased mortality in many forest regions on earth. Most of Central Europe's important timber species suffered from the extreme 2018/2019 drought, confronting foresters with difficult questions about choice more drought- heat-resistant species. We compared growth dynamics European beech, sessile oak, Scots pine Douglas fir a warmer cooler lowland region Germany to explore adaptive potential four climate warming (24 stands). The basal area increment (BAI) two conifers has declined since 1990-2010 both regions, that beech region, while oak showed positive BAI trends. A 2 °C difference mean temperatures higher frequency days (temperature maximum >30 °C) resulted greater sensitivity negative climatic water balance elevated summer heat pine. This suggests include climate-growth analyses. Negative pointer years were closely related dry years. Nevertheless, all recovery within one three conclude are sensitive deteriorating temperatures, so far not been able successfully acclimate climate, especially but also pine, being vulnerable drying climate.

Язык: Английский

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Response of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) to Adverse Environmental Conditions in Genetic and Dendrochronological Studies

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1), С. 109 - 109

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) is widely distributed across Europe and serves critical ecological, economic, recreational functions. Investigating its responses to stressors such as drought, extreme temperatures, pests, pathogens provides valuable insights into capacity adapt climate change. Genetic dendrochronological studies offer complementary perspectives on this adaptability. Tree-ring analysis (dendrochronology) reveals how Q. has historically responded environmental stressors, linking growth patterns specific conditions drought or temperature extremes. By examining tree-ring width, density, dynamics, researchers can identify periods of suppression enhancement predict forest future climatic events. further complement by uncovering adaptive genetic diversity inheritance patterns. Identifying markers associated with stress tolerance enables managers prioritize the conservation populations higher potential. These guide reforestation efforts support development climate-resilient populations. integrating data, gain a holistic understanding robur’s mechanisms resilience. This knowledge vital for management sustainable planning in face challenges, ultimately helping ensure long-term viability their ecosystems. The topics covered review are very broad. We tried include most relevant, important, significant studies, but focused mainly relatively recent Eastern European because they species’ area. However, although more than 270 published works have been cited review, we have, course, missed some studies. apologize advance authors those relevant that not cited.

Язык: Английский

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Legacies from early‐season hot drought: how growth cessation alters tree water dynamics and modifies stress responses in Scots pine

Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Tree responses to drought are well studied, but the interacting effects of timing on growth, water use, and stress legacy less understood. We investigated how a widespread conifer, Scots pine, responded hot droughts early or late in growing season, both. measured sap flux, stem needle elongation, leaf potential (Ψleaf) assess impacts resilience pine saplings. The summer had peak temperatures 36.5 °C, while peaked at 38.2 °C. Soil content during both periods declined ca. 50% control values. early-season caused growth cessation already Ψleaf - 1.1 MPa, visible as an almost 30 days earlier end resulting needles 2.7 cm shorter, average. This reduction area decreased productivity, seasonal transpiration. However, reduced use early-stressed saplings appeared enhance resistance late-season drought, reflected smaller decline lower tree deficit compared that did not experience stress. In summary, we observed persistant from hot-drought stress, evident 35% area, which impacted resistance, productivity. These structural adjustments development bud mass could be critical evergreen conifers, whose long-lived foliage influences future potential.

Язык: Английский

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