Processes,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(7), С. 2133 - 2133
Опубликована: Июль 17, 2023
Water
pollution
caused
by
population
growth
and
human
activities
is
a
critical
problem
exacerbated
limited
freshwater
resources
increasing
water
demands.
Various
sectors
contribute
to
pollution,
with
the
dairy
industry
being
significant
contributor
due
high
concentrations
of
harmful
contaminants
in
wastewater.
Traditional
treatment
methods
have
been
employed,
but
they
limitations
terms
effectiveness,
cost,
environmental
impact.
In
recent
years,
membrane
separation
technology
(MST)
has
emerged
as
promising
alternative
for
treating
Membrane
processes
offer
efficient
separation,
concentration,
purification
wastewater,
benefits
such
reduced
process
steps,
minimal
impact
on
product
quality,
operational
flexibility,
lower
energy
consumption.
However,
fouling
concentration
polarization
present
major
challenges
associated
this
technique.
Therefore,
strategies
implemented
mitigate
these
phenomena,
including
pre-treatment
prior
MST,
coagulation,
adsorption.
Recently,
3D
printing
gained
prominence
one
latest
most
notable
advancements
addressing
issues.
This
comprehensive
review
examines
drawbacks
conventional
employed
wastewater
explores
utilization
an
approaches.
Additionally,
technologies
or
alleviate
are
discussed.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(5), С. 2184 - 2184
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
Polluting
species
released
in
industrial-colored
effluents
contaminate
water,
degrading
its
quality
and
persisting
the
aquatic
environment;
therefore,
it
must
be
treated
for
safe
discharge
or
onsite
reuse/recycling
to
ensure
a
fresh
water
supply.
This
review
has
principal
goal
of
facilitating
understanding
some
important
issues
concerning
wastewater
(WW)
treatment
systems,
mainly
based
on
coagulation–flocculation
step,
as
follows:
(i)
significance
facilities
offered
by
specialized
processes,
including
step
single
associated
(i.e.,
followed
sedimentation/filtration
air
flotation);
(ii)
characteristics
WW,
especially
WW
from
textile
industry,
which
can
reduced
via
step;
(iii)
primary
secondary
groups
hybrid
materials
their
when
used
coagulants–flocculants;
(iv)
influence
different
process
operating
variables
regimens
efficiency
studied
(v)
benefits
using
colored
processes
future
development
perspectives.
The
consulted
scientific
reports
underline
applying
coagulants–flocculants
treatment,
fresh,
natural
that
achieve
high
removal
rates,
e.g.,
dye
color
>80%,
heavy
metals,
COD
BOD
>50%,
turbidity
>90%.
All
reported
data
feasibility
these
polluting
(especially
dyes)
industrial
possibility
selecting
adequate
one
specific
system.
