Balancing between predation risk and food by boreal breeding ducks

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Wetlands belong to the globally most threatened habitats, and organisms depending on them are of conservation concern. Wetland destruction quality loss may affect negatively also boreal breeding ducks in which habitat selection often needs balancing between important determinants suitability. In Finland duck population trajectories habitat-specific, while reasons behind poorly understood. this research, we studied balance nest predation risk invertebrate food abundance at 45 lakes ponds 2017 2018. We surveyed pairs broods from these 18 additional water bodies. evaluated by monitoring artificial nests with camera traps over a 7-day exposure period sampled invertebrates bodies using emergence activity traps. Camera trap results indicate that was higher surrounded agricultural land than forestland. Ponds (seasonal, beaver, man-made) had lower risk, they were more invertebrate-rich permanent lakes. addition, further away survival shoreline nests. Habitat use not associated food, but preferred habitats rich food. High pressure shorelines especially landscapes contribute declining trends Finland. Controlling predators could be an action improve success. This research underlines benefits availability different body types for ducks. There is urgent need pay attention protecting seasonal ponds, lack flooded waters mitigated favouring beavers or creating man-made ponds.

Язык: Английский

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Anthropogenic bottom‐up and top‐down impacts on boreal breeding waterbirds

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Abstract Wetland habitats are changing under multiple anthropogenic pressures. Nutrient leakage and pollution modify physico‐chemical state of wetlands affect the ecosystem through bottom‐up processes, while alien predators ecosystems in a top‐down manner. Boreal important breeding areas for several waterbird species, abundances which potentially reflect both processes. Here, we use long‐term national monitoring data gathered from c. 130 sites Finland 1980s to 2020s. We hypothesised that waters increasing predator abundance play role steering population trends. set out test this hypothesis by relating changes 17 species water chemistry regional indices allowing species‐specific effects vary with foraging niche (dabblers, invertivore divers, piscivorous herbivores), nesting site, female mass habitat (oligotrophic, eutrophic). found site‐specific, habitat‐dependent numbers. While associations higher phosphorus levels browning were overall positive at oligotrophic lakes, numbers piscivore diving ducks most strongly negatively associated eutrophic lakes. Furthermore, increased pH benefitted piscivores. Invertivore duck on had declined high indices. Large herbivorous preferring lakes seem be successful. conclude large‐scale decline is closely connected where negative emphasised especially Niche‐, nest site‐ habitat‐specific management actions required conserve declining populations. Managing catchments level together control may provide approaches future wetland management.

Язык: Английский

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Utilizing historical maps in identification of long-term land use and land cover changes

AMBIO, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(11), С. 1777 - 1792

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2023

Knowledge in the magnitude and historical trends land use cover (LULC) is needed to understand changing status of key elements landscape better target management efforts. However, this information not easily available before start satellite campaign missions. Scanned maps are a valuable but underused source LULC information. As case study, we used U-Net automatically extract fields, mires, roads, watercourses, water bodies from scanned maps, dated 1965, 1984 1985 for our 900 km[Formula: see text] study area Southern Finland. We then these data, along with topographic databases 2005 2022, quantify changes past 57 years. For example, total fields decreased by around 27 text], length watercourses increased 2250 km area.

Язык: Английский

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Hydrological conditions can change the effects of major nutrients and dissolved organic matter on phytoplankton community dynamics in a eutrophic river

Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 628, С. 130503 - 130503

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Thermal homogenization of boreal communities in response to climate warming

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122(17)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025

Globally, rising temperatures are increasingly favoring warm-affiliated species. Although changes in community composition typically measured by the mean temperature affinity of species (the index, CTI), they may be driven different processes and accompanied shifts diversity affinities breadth thermal niches. To resolve pathways to warming Finnish flora fauna, we examined multidecadal dominance among understory forest plant, freshwater phytoplankton, butterfly, moth, bird communities. CTI increased for all animal communities, with no change observed plants or phytoplankton. In addition, declined groups except butterflies, this loss was more pronounced fastest-warming These were animals mainly a decrease cold-affiliated an increase phytoplankton decline declines both cold- Plant moth communities dominated specialist species, birds generalists. general, climate outpaced Our results highlight complex dynamics underpinning reorganization across large spatiotemporal gradient, revealing that extinctions colonization lag behind ambient temperature, while become less thermally diverse. Such can have important implications structure ecosystem functioning under accelerating rates change.

Язык: Английский

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Spatial heterogeneity in water quality across the northern nearshore regions of the Laurentian Great Lakes

Journal of Great Lakes Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49(6), С. 102231 - 102231

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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When good turns to bad and alien predators appear: The dynamics of biodiversity change in boreal waterbird communities

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 48, С. e02727 - e02727

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2023

Temporal patterns of biodiversity are often difficult to interpret because our limited understanding how communities vary through time and processes drive this variation. A further challenge with dynamic systems is choosing an appropriate baseline against which change judged. We used abundance series breeding waterbirds in eutrophic lakes Finland for 1946–2022 study the dynamics local relative role two presumed main drivers, i.e. eutrophication alien predators, contributing historical recent trends abundances biodiversity. set cut-off periods mid-1980s, systematic monitoring started 1986 analyses population European boreal waterbird mainly based on data gathered since 1986. Both species richness total showed contrasting between (gathered before mid-1980s) current after community series, indicating a decline increase. The habitat specialists (species preferring lakes) generalists using both oligotrophic corresponding difference series. extinction rates were higher among than generalists. trend indices wetland-nesting (highly vulnerable predation by (the raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides, American mink, Neovison vison) terms nest site) more negative nesting away from waterbodies (less species). In addition, bottom-feeding (presumably sensitive impacts eutrophication) did not show surface-feeding less eutrophication). Regardless equal sensitivity eutrophication, highly predators species. results suggest that increased has been important driver declines studied communities. mid-1980s may provide ecologically changes populations

Язык: Английский

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A rapid increase of large-sized waterfowl does not explain the population declines of small-sized waterbird at their breeding sites

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36, С. e02144 - e02144

Опубликована: Май 3, 2022

Certain species experience rapid population increases in human-modified and -affected environments. Conservation actions increased wintertime food availability have led to a increase of several large herbivorous waterbird species. In Northern Europe, this trend is opposite the overall decrease smaller We examined whether recovery flagship species, whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus), spreading non-native Canada goose (Branta canadensis), cause asymmetric competition with other sympatric waterbirds at their breeding sites. used data from national Finnish surveys collected late 1980s early 2020 s 942 sites, assess site-level effects herbivore occurrence on while considering trophic overlap. hypothesised that there could be competitive especially those similar foraging niches. however found populations decreased less sites occupied by swans since 1980 s. site occupation was not associated abundance waterbirds. Thereby, our findings are consistent suggestion lead wetlands. The may potentially act as an indicator habitat quality further umbrella multidisciplinary conservation benefits, which accrue benefits also exhibiting declining trends. Our underline importance interactions when designing implementing management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Water purification – an essential service from forest ecosystems, and farming practices in the Pong River Basin, Northeast Thailand

Trees Forests and People, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16, С. 100599 - 100599

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Deforestation often results in biodiversity depletion, land degradation, and loss of forest ecosystem services such as water purification. This research examined the relationship between natural areas Pong River Basin (PRB), northeast Thailand, quality system, one country's most polluted rivers. Water parameters were measured 15 tributaries where samples collected 500 m upstream from outlets, 2–5 streambanks during summer, rainy, winter seasons 2021. Land use cover (LULC) classified by a supervised classification method QGIS using LANDSAT8 satellite imagery USGS SRTM data. Vegetative surveys conducted near sampling locations which included species richness density. characteristics at all sites under Thailand's Quality Standard, except level biological oxygen demand (avg. BOD = 3.52 mg/L). The upper PRB, covered with more forested higher tree densities along (∼43 % basin, 619 trees/ha), revealed better including concentration dissolved DO 7.57 mg/L) lower fecal coliform bacteria FCB 642 MPN/100 mL). In contrast, PRB having larger farmlands smaller forests (∼63 23 %, respectively) yielded concentrations 1,353 mL) phosphates PO43- 0.34 Positive correlations found amount forestlands (% sub-basin) nitrate (r 0.468 0.409, p-value < 0.05, respectively), while agricultural correlated 0.414, 0.05). Amounts determine purity, denoting dirtiness. These findings show that purification is an essential service, critical for stream health.

Язык: Английский

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Rotifers as indicators of trophic state in small water bodies with different catchments (field vs. forest)

Hydrobiologia, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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