Studying interactions among anthropogenic stressors in freshwater ecosystems: A systematic review of 2396 multiple‐stressor experiments

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract Understanding the interactions among anthropogenic stressors is critical for effective conservation and management of ecosystems. Freshwater scientists have invested considerable resources in conducting factorial experiments to disentangle stressor by testing their individual combined effects. However, diversity systems studied has hindered previous syntheses this body research. To overcome challenge, we used a novel machine learning framework identify relevant studies from over 235,000 publications. Our synthesis resulted new dataset 2396 multiple‐stressor freshwater systems. By summarizing methods these studies, quantifying trends popularity investigated stressors, performing co‐occurrence analysis, produce most comprehensive overview diverse field research date. We provide both taxonomy grouping 909 into 31 classes an open‐source interactive version ( https://jamesaorr.shinyapps.io/freshwater‐multiple‐stressors/ ). Inspired our results, help clarify whether statistical detected align with interest, outline general guidelines design any system. conclude highlighting directions required better understand ecosystems facing multiple stressors.

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of multiple stressors vary with consumer interactions, stressor dynamics and magnitude

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 25(6), С. 1483 - 1496

Опубликована: Апрель 27, 2022

Predicting the impacts of multiple stressors is important for informing ecosystem management but impeded by a lack general framework predicting whether interact synergistically, additively or antagonistically. Here, we use process-based models to study how interactions generalise across three levels biological organisation (physiological, population and consumer-resource) two-stressor experiment on seagrass model system. We found that same underlying processes could result in synergistic, additive antagonistic interactions, with interaction type depending initial conditions, duration, stressor dynamics consumer presence. Our results help explain why meta-analyses experimental have struggled identify predictors consistently non-additive natural environment. Experiments run over extended temporal scales, treatments gradients magnitude, are needed underpin provide useful predictions management.

Язык: Английский

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A decade of underwater noise research in support of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Ocean & Coastal Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 228, С. 106299 - 106299

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Microplastics in marine mammal blubber, melon, & other tissues: Evidence of translocation

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 335, С. 122252 - 122252

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2023

Marine mammals consume large quantities of microplastic particles, likely via trophic transfer (i.e., through prey who have consumed plastic) and direct consumption from seawater or sediment. Microplastics been found in the stomachs, gastro-intestinal tracts, feces cetaceans pinnipeds. Translocation ingested microplastics has documented other organs several aquatic species, but not examined marine mammals. highly specialized lipid-rich tissues which may increase susceptibility to lipophilic microplastics. Here we demonstrate occurrence microplastics, ranging size, mass concentration, particle count concentration 24.4 μm - 1387 μm, 0.59 μg/g 25.20 μg/g, 0.04 0.39 particles/g, respectively, four (acoustic fat pad, blubber, lung, & melon) twelve mammal species inclusive mysticetes, odontocetes, phocids. Twenty-two individuals were for using a combination Raman spectroscopy pyrolysis gas chromatography with spectrometry. Overall, 68% had at least one tissue types, most common polymer shape observed being polyethylene fibers, respectively. These findings suggest some proportion translocate throughout bodies posing an exposure risk both people. For people, could be directly those rely on as food indirectly peoples globally same resources Some represent samples obtained over two decades ago, suggesting that this process, thus risk, occurred time.

Язык: Английский

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Cheap, cost-effective, and quick stress biomarkers for drought stress detection and monitoring in plants

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 28(5), С. 527 - 536

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Key issues in assessing threats to sea turtles: knowledge gaps and future directions

Endangered Species Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52, С. 303 - 341

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2023

Sea turtles are an iconic group of marine megafauna that have been exposed to multiple anthropogenic threats across their different life stages, especially in the past decades. This has resulted population declines, and consequently many sea turtle populations now classified as threatened or endangered globally. Although some worldwide showing early signs recovery, still face fundamental threats. is problematic since important ecological roles. To encourage informed conservation planning direct future research, we surveyed experts identify key contemporary (climate change, take, fisheries, pollution, disease, predation, coastal development) faced by turtles. Using survey results current literature, also outline knowledge gaps our understanding impact these how targeted often involving emerging technologies, could close those gaps.

Язык: Английский

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Chemical Mixtures and Multiple Stressors: Same but Different?

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 42(9), С. 1915 - 1936

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Ecosystems are strongly influenced by multiple anthropogenic stressors, including a wide range of chemicals and their mixtures. Studies on the effects stressors have largely focussed nonchemical whereas studies chemical mixtures ignored other stressors. However, both research areas face similar challenges require tools methods to predict joint or frameworks integrate missing. We provide an overview paradigms, tools, commonly used in stressor mixture discuss potential domains cross-fertilization challenges. First, we compare general paradigms ecotoxicology (applied) ecology explain historical divide. Subsequently, approaches for identification interactions, characterization, designing experiments. suggest that too focused interactions would benefit from integration regarding null model selection. Stressor characterization is typically more costly While comprehensive classification systems at suborganismal level been developed, recent account environmental context. Both suffer rather simplified experimental designs focus only limited number chemicals, treatments. concepts can guide realistic capturing spatiotemporal dynamics. process-based data-driven models particularly promising tackle challenge prediction (meta-)communities (meta-)food webs. propose framework assessment Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1915-1936. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry published Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf SETAC.

Язык: Английский

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Thermal tolerance and survival are modulated by a natural gradient of infection in differentially acclimated hosts

Conservation Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Wild ectotherms are exposed to multiple stressors, including parasites, that can affect their responses environmental change. Simultaneously, unprecedented warm temperatures being recorded worldwide, increasing both the average and maximum experienced in nature. Understanding how ectotherms, such as fishes, will react combined stress of parasites higher help predict impact extreme events heat waves on populations. The critical thermal method (CTM), which assesses upper (CTmax) lower (CTmin) tolerance, is often used acclimated tolerance various temperature scenarios. Despite widespread use CTM across taxa, few studies have characterized response naturally infected fish or acute affects subsequent survival. We pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus) four ecologically relevant (10, 15, 20 25°C) one future warming scenario (30°C) for 3 weeks before measuring CTmax CTmin. also assessed individual survival week following CTmax. Parasites were counted identified trials relate infection intensity Interestingly, trematode causing black spot disease negatively related CTmax, suggesting heavily less tolerant warming. Moreover, with yellow grub showed decreased days implying load has negative consequences during events. Our findings indicate that, when combined, parasite high prolonged survival, emphasizing need better understand concomitant effects stressors health outcomes wild This especially true given some species expected thrive waters making host at risk.

Язык: Английский

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Interactive effects of multiple stressors in coastal ecosystems

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2025

Coastal ecosystems are increasingly experiencing anthropogenic pressures such as climate warming, CO 2 increase, metal and organic pollution, overfishing, resource extraction. Some resulting stressors more direct like pollution fisheries, others indirect ocean acidification, yet they jointly affect marine biota, communities, entire ecosystems. While single-stressor effects have been widely investigated, the interactive of multiple on less researched. In this study, we review literature their in coastal environments across organisms. We classify interactions into three categories: synergistic, additive, antagonistic. found phytoplankton bivalves to be most studied taxonomic groups. Climate warming is identified dominant stressor which, combination, with other eutrophication, exacerbate adverse physiological traits growth rate, fitness, basal respiration, size. Phytoplankton appears sensitive between nutrient pollution. warm nutrient-enriched environments, presence metals considerably affects uptake nutrients, increases respiration costs toxin production phytoplankton. For bivalves, low pH lethal stressors. The combined effect heat stress acidification leads decreased shell size, acid-base regulation capacity bivalves. However, for a holistic understanding how food webs will evolve ongoing changes, suggest research ecosystem-level responses. This can achieved by combining in-situ observations from controlled (e.g. mesocosm experiments) modelling approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Quantitative soil indicators for identifying primary stressors in fruit tree decline: a case study on kiwifruit vine decline syndrome

Applied Soil Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 206, С. 105887 - 105887

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

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