Abstract
Many
agricultural
regions
in
China
are
likely
to
become
appreciably
wetter
or
drier
as
the
global
climate
warming
increases.
However,
impact
of
these
change
patterns
on
intensity
soil
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions
(GHGI,
GHG
per
unit
crop
yield)
has
not
yet
been
rigorously
assessed.
By
integrating
an
improved
ecosystem
model
and
a
meta‐analysis
multiple
field
studies,
we
found
that
is
expected
cause
20.0%
yield
loss,
while
stimulating
by
12.2%
between
2061
2090
China's
regions.
A
wetter‐warmer
(WW)
would
adversely
equal
basis
lead
1.8‐fold‐
increase
relative
those
drier‐warmer
(DW)
climate.
Without
water
limitation/excess,
extreme
heat
(an
more
than
1.5°C
average
temperature)
during
growing
season
amplify
15.7%
simultaneously
elevating
42.5%
compared
below
1.5°C.
when
coupled
with
drought,
it
aggravate
loss
61.8%
without
reducing
corresponding
emissions.
Furthermore,
emission
WW
22.6%
DW
Under
this
intense
climate,
use
nitrogen
fertilizer
37.9%
necessarily
gaining
advantage
These
findings
suggest
threat
world
efforts
reduce
may
be
great
even
greater
world.
Journal of Environmental Management,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
352, С. 120087 - 120087
Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024
Saline
water
has
proven
to
be
one
of
the
alternative
sources
freshwater
for
agricultural
irrigation
in
water-scarce
areas.
However,
changes
farmland
ecology
caused
by
saline
remain
unclear.
In
this
study,
six
salinities
(CK:
1.3
dS
m
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
345, С. 108320 - 108320
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2022
Soils
provide
key
ecosystem
services
and
are
crucial
to
combat
climate
change.
Agriculture
provides
important
but
also
causes
negative
environmental
effects
depending
on
agricultural
management.
In
this
regard,
crop
diversification
is
a
promising
sustainable
land
management
strategy
soil
erosion
degradation,
mitigate
change
ensure
food
security.
Here,
we
assess
the
combined
short-term
of
no
tillage
several
physico-chemical
parameters
related
functioning
as
well
yields
in
rainfed
almond
(Prunus
dulcis
Mill.)
orchard
under
semiarid
Mediterranean
conditions.
Almond
trees
were
inter-cropped
with
Capparis
spinosa
L.
(caper)
or
Thymus
hyemalis
Lange
(winter
thyme)
compared
monocrop
system.
The
experimental
design
consisted
three
plots
randomized-block
design,
replicates
for
each
treatment
(almond
monocrop,
caper,
winter
thyme).
Along
yields,
range
quality
health
indicators
including
physical
(bulk
density,
aggregate
stability,
water
retention
availability)
chemical
(total
particulate
organic
carbon
nitrogen,
ammonium
nitrate
content,
available
macro-
micro-nutrients)
properties
monitored
topsoil
subsoil
(at
0–10
10–30
cm
depth,
respectively)
one
years
from
establishment.
study
indicate
that
capacity
availability
plants
enhanced
both
systems
after
their
implementation
at
0–30
depth.
Likewise,
improvements
N
observed
diversifications.
Crop
did
not
significantly
affect
main
highlighting
can
be
practice
improving
without
compromising
security
Indeed,
equivalent
ratios
(LER)
thyme
higher
than
those
respective
two
consecutive
years,
indicating
inter-cropping
aromatics
improve
productivity
woody
Our
results
emphasize
importance
selecting
an
appropriate
secondary
ensures
permanent
cover
while
contributes
enhance
agroecosystem
first
year
establishment
onwards
off-set
plausible
lower
crop.
preliminary
assessments
condition
nutrient
requirements
encouraged
before
designing
implementing
these
low-input
cropping
systems.
long-term
studies
needed
evidence
stability
production
diversified
management,
particularly
harsh
Abstract
U.S.
rice
paddies,
critical
for
food
security,
are
increasingly
contributing
to
non‐CO
2
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions
like
methane
(CH
4
)
and
nitrous
oxide
(N
O).
Yet,
the
full
assessment
of
GHG
balance,
considering
trade‐offs
between
soil
organic
carbon
(SOC)
change
emissions,
is
lacking.
Integrating
an
improved
agroecosystem
model
with
a
meta‐analysis
multiple
field
studies,
we
found
that
paddies
were
rapidly
growing
net
emission
sources,
increased
138%
from
3.7
±
1.2
Tg
CO
eq
yr
−1
in
1960s
8.9
2.7
2010s.
CH
,
as
primary
contributor,
accounted
10.1
2.3
2010s,
alongside
notable
rise
N
O
by
0.21
0.03
.
SOC
could
offset
14.0%
(1.45
0.46
climate‐warming
effects
This
escalation
linked
intensified
land
use,
atmospheric
higher
synthetic
nitrogen
fertilizer
manure
application,
climate
change.
However,
no/reduced
tillage
non‐continuous
irrigation
reduce
approximately
10%
about
39%,
respectively.
Despite
cost
achieving
yields
has
decreased
over
time,
average
0.84
0.18
kg
ha
emitted
per
kilogram
produced
The
study
suggests
potential
significant
reductions
achieve
climate‐friendly
production
through
optimizing
ratio
fertilizer,
reducing
tillage,
implementing
intermittent
irrigation.
The Rangeland Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
47(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Grassland
ecosystems
store
significant
amounts
of
organic
carbon
(C)
and
have
the
potential
to
function
as
a
source
or
sink
greenhouse
gases
(GHGs)
under
different
environmental
conditions
management
practices.
However,
effects
(clipping
frequency
N
fertilisation)
on
GHGs
remain
uncertain.
In
this
study,
field-based
experiment
with
automated-lid
gas
exchange
chambers
was
conducted
simultaneously
measure
GHG
fluxes
(CO2,
N2O,
CH4),
their
overall
global
warming
(GWP-100)
impact,
net
ecosystem
(NEE)
from
grassland.
The
had
two
clipping
frequencies
(simulating
moderate
high
grazing
intensity)
nitrogen
(N)
fertiliser
treatments
(0
40
kg
ha−1
year−1).
measurements
were
during
periods
(each
approximately
2
weeks
long)
varied
temperature
moisture
in
early
autumn.
High
caused
higher
daily
NEE
emissions,
GWP-100
impact
lower
photosynthesis;
however,
it
did
not
significantly
affect
these
parameters.
Nitrogen
fertilisation
than
treatment,
but
N2O
likely
be
dependent
time
application.
Methane
(CH4)
predominantly
controlled
by
soil
moisture,
whereas
nitrous
oxide
(N2O)
more
strongly
affected
temperature.
emissions
increased
after
break-point
20°C.
Our
results
highlighted
sensitivity
CH4
uptake
conditions,
particularly
increase
warmer
temperatures.
main
contributor
study
CO2
uptake.
For
observation
period,
grassland
small
C
sink.
comprehensive
understanding,
longer-term
studies
spanning
over
several
years
are
needed
accurately
assess
practices
emissions.
