Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023
We
study
the
piecewise
stationary
combinatorial
semi-bandit
problem
with
causally
related
rewards.
In
our
nonstationary
environment,
variations
in
base
arms’
distributions,
causal
relationships
between
rewards,
or
both,
change
reward
generation
process.
such
an
optimal
decision-maker
must
follow
both
sources
of
and
adapt
accordingly.
The
becomes
aggravated
setting,
where
only
observes
outcome
selected
bundle
arms.
core
proposed
policy
is
Upper
Confidence
Bound
(UCB)
algorithm.
assume
agent
relies
on
adaptive
approach
to
overcome
challenge.
More
specifically,
it
employs
a
change-point
detector
based
Generalized
Likelihood
Ratio
test.
Besides,
we
introduce
notion
group
restart
as
new
alternative
restarting
strategy
decision
making
process
structured
environments.
Finally,
algorithm
integrates
mechanism
trace
underlying
graph
structure,
which
captures
rewards
bandit
setting.
Theoretically,
establish
regret
upper
bound
that
reflects
effects
number
structural-
distribution
changes
performance.
numerical
experiments
real-world
scenarios
exhibits
applicability
superior
performance
proposal
compared
state-of-the-art
benchmarks.
Heliyon,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(3), С. e25810 - e25810
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
There
is
evidence
in
literature
that
the
spread
of
COVID-19
can
be
influenced
by
various
geographic
factors,
including
territorial
features,
climate,
population
density,
socioeconomic
conditions,
and
mobility.
The
objective
paper
to
provide
an
updated
review
on
geographical
studies
analysing
factors
which
spreading.
This
took
into
account
not
only
aspects
but
also
COVID-19-related
outcomes
(infections
deaths)
allowing
discern
potential
influencing
role
per
type
outcome.
A
total
112
scientific
articles
were
selected,
reviewed
categorized
according
subject
area,
aim,
country/region
study,
considered
variables,
spatial
temporal
units
analysis,
methodologies,
main
findings.
Our
showed
features
may
have
played
a
determining
uneven
geography
COVID-19;
for
instance,
certain
agreement
was
found
regarding
direct
relationship
between
urbanization
degree
infections.
For
what
concerns
climatic
temperature
variable
correlated
best
with
Together
socio-demographic
ones
extensively
taken
account.
Most
analysed
agreed
density
human
mobility
had
significant
infections
deaths.
analysis
different
approaches
used
investigate
spreading
pandemic
revealed
significance/representativeness
outputs
scale
due
great
variability
aspects.
In
fact,
more
robust
association
conducted
at
subnational
or
local
rather
than
country
scale.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
95(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2022
The
longitudinal
trajectories
of
cardiac
structure
and
function
following
SARS-CoV-2
infection
are
unclear.
Therefore,
this
meta-analysis
aims
to
elucidate
the
effect
on
in
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
survivors
after
recovery.
PubMed/MEDLINE,
CENTRAL,
EMBASE
were
systematically
searched
for
articles
published
up
1st
August
2022.
A
systematic
review
performed
calculate
pooled
effects
size
95%
confidence
interval
each
outcome.
total
21
studies
including
2394
individuals
(1436
post-COVID-19
cases
958
controls)
included
present
meta-analysis.
analyses
compared
with
control
groups
showed
a
significant
association
between
reduced
left
ventricular
ejection
fraction
(LV
EF),
LV
end-diastolic
volume
EDV),
stroke
SV),
mitral
annular
plane
systolic
excursion
(MAPSE),
global
strain,
right
EF
(RV
RV
EDV,
ESV,
SV,
tricuspid
excursion,
increased
mass.
Subgroup
analysis
based
severity
COVID-19
acute
phase
subsequent
chronic
outcomes
revealed
that
EF,
MAPSE,
ESV
only
decreased
patients
history
intensive
care
unit
admission.
Cardiac
impairment
persisted
recovered
even
1
year.
Future
warranted
determine
biological
mechanisms
underlying
long-term
cardiovascular
consequences
COVID-19.
Journal of Medical Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Pulmonary
tuberculosis
(PTB)
is
one
of
the
most
common
infectious
diseases
worldwide,
with
extremely
high
morbidity
and
mortality.
An
in-depth
understanding
molecular
pathogenesis
PTB
crucial
for
finding
novel
diagnostic
therapeutic
approaches
in
future.
In
this
study,
we
identified
52
differentially
expressed
genes
(DEGs),
which
consisted
422
nodes
2853
edges,
from
GSE34608
dataset
Gene
Expression
Omnibus
(GEO)
database.
These
DEGs
were
composed
2,853
edges.
Functional
enrichment
analysis
revealed
that
CARD11
MYO1G
are
closely
related
to
T-cell
activation.
Upon
further
clinical
case
analysis,
found
expression
peripheral
blood
patients
lower
than
those
healthy
individuals,
demonstrating
excellent
value
both
diagnosis
prognosis
recurrence.
Thus,
promising
indicators
assessing
PLOS Global Public Health,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5(4), С. e0003431 - e0003431
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025
Previous
research
in
India
has
identified
urbanisation,
human
mobility
and
population
demographics
as
key
variables
associated
with
higher
district
level
COVID-19
incidence.
However,
the
spatiotemporal
dynamics
of
patterns
rural
urban
areas
India,
conjunction
other
drivers
transmission,
have
not
been
fully
investigated.
We
explored
travel
networks
within
during
two
pandemic
waves
using
aggregated
anonymized
weekly
movement
datasets
obtained
from
Google,
quantified
changes
before
compared
mean
baseline
for
8-week
time
period
at
beginning
2020.
fit
Bayesian
hierarchical
models
coupled
distributed
lag
non-linear
(DLNM)
integrated
nested
Laplace
approximation
(INLA)
package
R
to
examine
lag-response
associations
transmission
urban,
suburban
districts
2020-2021.
Model
results
demonstrate
that
recovery
99%
pre-pandemic
levels
was
an
increase
relative
risk
Delta
wave
transmission.
This
increased
mobility,
reduced
stringency
public
intervention
policy
emergence
variant,
were
main
contributors
high
peak
April
2021.
During
both
reduction
interventions,
climate
factors
(temperature
precipitation)
had
2-week
impacts
on
[Formula:
see
text]
variations
observed
across
areas.
With
likelihood
emergent
novel
infections
disease
outbreaks
under
a
changing
global
climate,
providing
framework
understanding
lagged
impact
infection
will
be
crucial
informing
interventions.
Abstract
Background
Although
evidence
on
healthcare
utilization
avoidance
during
COVID-19
pandemic
is
emerging,
such
knowledge
limited
in
rural
settings.
An
effective
policy
to
the
shocks
and
stresses
settings
require
empirical
inform
design
of
health
policies
programmes.
To
help
overcome
this
gap
also
contribute
decisions,
study
aimed
at
examining
COVID-19-induced
associated
factors
India.
Methods
This
used
third-round
data
from
COVID-19-Related
Shocks
Rural
India
survey
conducted
between
20-24
September,
2020
across
six
states.
The
outcome
variable
considered
was
avoidance.
Multivariable
Binary
Logistic
Regression
Model
via
Multiple
Imputation
assess
influencing
Results
Data
4,682
respondents
were
study.
Of
this,
prevalence
15.5%
After
adjusting
for
relevant
covariates,
participants
Bihar
State
have
significantly
higher
likelihood
compared
those
Andhra
Pradesh.
Also,
whose
educational
level
exceeds
high
school,
who
use
government
hospital/clinic,
engage
daily
wage
labour
agriculture
odds
their
counterparts.
Conclusion
Our
revealed
that
state
residence,
type
facility
used,
primary
work
activity
with
findings
suggest
makers
public
authorities
need
formulate
interventions
acknowledge
socioeconomic
demographic
influence
Abstract
Background
In
Sarawak,
252
300
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
cases
have
been
recorded
with
1
619
fatalities
in
2021,
compared
to
only
117
2020.
Since
Sarawak
is
geographically
separated
from
Peninsular
Malaysia
and
half
of
its
population
resides
rural
districts
where
medical
resources
are
limited,
the
analysis
spatiotemporal
heterogeneity
incidence
rates
their
relationship
socio-demographic
factors
crucial
understanding
spread
Sarawak.
Methods
The
spatial
dependence
district-wise
investigated
using
autocorrelation
two
orders
contiguity
weights
for
various
pandemic
waves.
Nine
determinants
chosen
14
covariates
via
elastic
net
regression
recursive
partitioning.
relationships
between
examined
ordinary
least
squares,
lag
error
models,
weighted
regression.
Results
first
8
months
COVID-19
severely
affected
Sarawak’s
central
region,
which
was
followed
by
southern
region
next
2
months.
third
wave,
based
on
second-order
weights,
rate
a
district
most
strongly
influenced
neighboring
districts’
rate,
although
variance
best
explained
local
coefficient
estimates
wave.
It
discovered
that
percentage
households
garbage
collection
facilities,
density
proportion
male
positively
associated
increase
rates.
Conclusion
This
research
provides
useful
insights
State
Government
public
health
authorities
critically
incorporate
characteristics
communities
into
evidence-based
decision-making
altering
monitoring
response
plans.
Policymakers
can
make
well-informed
judgments
implement
targeted
interventions
having
an
in-depth
patterns
characteristics.
will
effectively
help
mitigating
disease.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
946, С. 174214 - 174214
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2024
Despite
the
implementation
of
non-pharmaceutical
interventions,
threat
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
remains
significant
on
a
global
scale.
Identifying
external
factors
contributing
to
its
spread
is
crucial,
especially
given
World
Health
Organization's
recommendation
emphasizing
access
water,
sanitation,
and
hygiene
as
essential
in
curbing
COVID-19.
There
notable
discrepancy
sanitation
facilities,
particularly
evident
low-
middle-income
countries.
However,
there
lack
quantitative
assessments
regarding
these
factors.
This
study
examines
various
environmental,
socioeconomic,
their
associations
with
COVID-19
incidence.
All
regions
Philippines
were
categorized
into
clusters
based
socioeconomic
A
conceptual
structural
equation
model
(SEM)
was
developed
using
domain
knowledge.
The
best-fitting
SEM
for
each
cluster
determined,
between
incidence
estimated.
correlation
analysis
revealed
that
rainfall,
minimum
temperature,
relative
humidity
positively
correlated
weekly
urban
regions.
Maximum
mean
wind
speed,
direction
negatively
rural
regions,
time
lags
0,
3,
7
weeks.
In
(Cluster
1),
such
urbanization
rate
(1.00),
area
(-0.93),
population
(0.54)
found
be
associated
Conversely,
2),
including
(0.17),
basic
(0.84),
(0.83)
showed
These
causally
latent
variable
reflecting
hidden
confounders
It
important
note
only
Improving
facilities
imperative
effectively
mitigate
transmission
future
pandemics.
Identification
causal
effect
unobserved
recommended
research.