A review of the CAMx, CMAQ, WRF-Chem and NAQPMS models: Application, evaluation and uncertainty factors

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 343, С. 123183 - 123183

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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New particle formation induced by anthropogenic–biogenic interactions on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(4), С. 2535 - 2553

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Abstract. New particle formation (NPF) plays a crucial role in the atmospheric aerosol population and has significant implications on climate dynamics, particularly climate-sensitive zones such as Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, our understanding of NPF TP is still limited due to lack comprehensive measurements verified model simulations. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted an integrated study combining field chemical transport modeling investigate events southeastern during pre-monsoon season. was observed occur frequently clear-sky days TP, contributing significantly cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) budget region. The observational evidence suggests that highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) from monoterpene oxidation participate nucleation TP. After updating chemistry schemes meteorology–chemistry model, well reproduces reveals extensive occurrence across dominant mechanism synergistic sulfuric acid, ammonia, HOMs, driven by anthropogenic precursors South Asia presence abundant biogenic gases. By investigating vertical distribution NPF, find influence More specifically, strong near surface leads intense small particles, which are subsequently transported upward. These particles experience enhanced growth larger sizes upper planetary boundary layer (PBL) favorable conditions lower temperatures reduced sink. As PBL evolves, brought back ground, resulting pronounced increase near-surface concentrations. This highlights important roles anthropogenic–biogenic interactions meteorological dynamics

Язык: Английский

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Look Up: Probing the Vertical Profile of New Particle Formation and Growth in the Planetary Boundary Layer With Models and Observations

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 128(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Abstract The processes of new particle formation (NPF) and growth are important contributors to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations, CCN for climate from their impact on planetary radiative forcing. While the general ubiquity importance NPF is understood, vertical extent governing mechanisms in lower troposphere uncertain. We present an analysis four events two non‐NPF during HI‐SCALE field campaign at Southern Great Plains observatory Oklahoma, USA. First, we analyzed airborne ground‐based observations aerosol gas‐phase properties. Second, used a column chemistry microphysics model probe factors that influence profile NPF. During HI‐SCALE, found several instances enhanced occurring hundred meters above surface; however, spatio‐temporal characteristics observed made comparisons between airborne‐ difficult. represented (or lack NPF) surface final diameters within 10 nm. predicted rates upper mixed layer, this enhancement primarily due temperature dependence schemes, but was also dependent precursors measured HI‐SCALE. mixing either or suppressed rates, number surface. Finally, our provides insights future campaigns modeling efforts investigating

Язык: Английский

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Vigorous New Particle Formation Above Polluted Boundary Layer in the North China Plain

Geophysical Research Letters, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 49(22)

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2022

Abstract Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) is vital in climate and air pollution for its contribution to aerosols cloud condensation nuclei; however, a vertical understanding of NPF still limited. Here, simultaneous observations at two altitudes were conducted over the North China Plain. Despite high aerosol loading during cold season, frequently observed. The upper‐air increasingly intensive starts earlier as haze deteriorated, onset time gap could exceed 3 hr. To understand factors modulating vertically, we updated meteorology‐chemistry model by incorporating state‐of‐the‐art nucleation schemes performed highly vertical‐resolved simulations. It revealed that disparities are attributed pronounced stratification sulfur dioxide, ozone, particulate matter. As evolution boundary layer, strong upper elevates near‐surface nucleation‐mode particles. This work sheds more light on structure NPF.

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of dimethylamine emissions on particle number concentration and cloud condensation nuclei in Beijing

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Abstract New particle formation (NPF) is a key source of atmospheric particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). In polluted regions, the nucleation mechanism sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 )-dimethylamine (DMA) thought to play crucial role in NPF. However, it still remains unclear about sources DMA their contributions regional number concentrations (PNC) CCN. this study, we incorporated H -DMA into aerosol module WRF-Chem model improve model’s simulation ability for NPF events. The default 8 size bins covering 39 nm 10 μm were extended 12 ranging from 1 better capture growth small particles. modified was applied Beijing its surrounding areas an observation episode March 18 2017. results show that revised significantly improves capability simulating smaller range (<20 nm), reducing standardized bias over 58% 10%. contributes 46–78% PNC surface layer (from ~300 m) 22–36% CCN at 0.5% supersaturation (CCN ). are notably higher on days than those non-NPF days. High zones correspond with elevated , suggesting process leads increased concentrations, these regions also exhibit levels DMA. Agricultural residential activities identified as main study area. contribution particularly significant urban Beijing, reaching up 70%. This enhances our understanding how events induced by affect intensive anthropogenic emission regions.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying pre-existing particles – Part 2: Modeling chemical drivers and 3-D NPF occurrence

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Abstract. In this study, we utilized a 20-bin WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecast coupled with Chemistry regional model) to investigate the contributions of chemical drivers growth newly formed particles, as well simulate three-dimensional dynamics new particle formation (NPF) events over North China Plain during summer campaign in 2019, which was reported accompanying paper. The model demonstrated good performance replicating occurrence NPF, pattern number concentration particles size range 10–40 nm five between June 29 July 6. This period characterized by high frequency NPF (>60 %). During time, also able accurately reproduce levels organics PM1.0 relative observations, reasonably replicate SO42- NH4+ PM1.0, PM2.5 mass concentrations. Therefore, further analyzed three distinct characteristics: Case 1, featuring observable cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) on 1–2; 2, continuous for several hours without any net contribution CCN 3; 3, where no detectable observed these instances, tended overpredict H2SO4 vapor daytime NH4NO3 nighttime, resulting an overestimation hygroscopicity parameter nanometer particles. Nevertheless, (cloud nuclei) at super saturation (SS) 0.4 % days compared observations. because effect caused inorganics offset model's underestimation originating from submicron-sized Additionally, simulations have some key findings. Firstly, consistently initiates upper fraction planetary boundary layer (PBL) before expanding. Secondly, PBL, play dominant role, whereas primary shift inorganic species free troposphere. However, confirm findings, vertical observations are required.

Язык: Английский

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Significant effects of transport on nanoparticles during new particle formation events in the atmosphere of Beijing

Particuology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 80, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

The mechanisms of new particle formation (NPF) events that occurred under high aerosol loadings ("polluted" NPF) in the atmosphere have been unclear, which has inhibited precision pollution control. To deepen understanding how "polluted" NPF occur, a one-month comprehensive measurement was conducted Beijing during summer 2016. "clean" (frequency = 22%) (condensation sink, CS < 0.015 s−1) were found to be caused by local nucleation and growth. 28%) (CS > influenced both nucleation-growth regional transport, contributions from two factors 6–25 nm number concentration 60% 40%, respectively. This study emphasized importance transport for nanoparticles relatively polluted atmospheres, joint control would an essential policy.

Язык: Английский

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Explaining apparent particle shrinkage related to new particle formation events in western Saudi Arabia does not require evaporation

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(16), С. 9287 - 9321

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023

Abstract. The majority of new particle formation (NPF) events observed in Hada Al Sham, western Saudi Arabia, during 2013–2015 showed an unusual progression where the diameter a newly formed mode clearly started to decrease after growth phase. Many previous studies refer this phenomenon as aerosol shrinkage. We will opt use term decreasing (DMD) event, shrinkage bears connotation reduction sizes individual particles, which does not have be case. While several speculate that ambient DMD are caused by evaporation semivolatile species, no concrete evidence has been provided, partly due rarity events. frequent occurrence and large number our observations allow us perform statistically significant comparisons between typical NPF undergo continuous growth. In analysis, we find clear connection factors might trigger at measurement site. Instead, examination air mass source areas horizontal distribution anthropogenic emissions study region leads believe could advection smaller, less-grown particles site more-grown ones. Using Lagrangian single-particle model, confirm size development, including events, can reproduced non-volatile condensation thus without evaporation. fact, when considering increasing contributions from compound, deteriorating agreement measurements model. Based on these results, it seems unlikely compounds would play role proposed explanation, result having spent fraction their lifetime lower-growth environment, mainly enabled lower precursor vapor concentrations further away combined with photochemical production condensable vapors afternoon. Correct identification cause is important fate climate relevance heavily depend – if evaporated, net contribution larger climatically active greatly reduced. Our findings highlight importance transport-related effects event often overlooked factor such studies.

Язык: Английский

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Vertical transport of ultrafine particles and turbulence evolution impact on new particle formation at the surface & Canton Tower

Atmospheric Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 302, С. 107290 - 107290

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the contribution of grown new particles to cloud condensation nuclei with largely varying preexisting particles – Part 2: Modeling chemical drivers and 3-D new particle formation occurrence

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(11), С. 6769 - 6786

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024

Abstract. In this study, we utilized a 20-bin WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting coupled with Chemistry) regional model to investigate the contributions of chemical drivers growth new particles, as well simulate three-dimensional dynamics particle formation (NPF) events over North China Plain during summer campaign in 2019. The replicated occurrence NPF pattern newly formed performance meet benchmarks, i.e., absolute mean fractional bias ≤ 50 % error 75 %, replicating number concentrations particles 10–40 nm range five between 29 June 6 July Therefore, further analyzed three distinct characteristics. these instances, overpredicted daytime condensation H2SO4 vapor nighttime NH4NO3. These resulted overestimation hygroscopicity parameter nanometer particles. Nevertheless, met benchmarks for reproducing cloud nuclei (CCN) at supersaturation (SS) 0.4 on days. This was because inorganics offset by underestimation CCN originating from submicron Additionally, simulations demonstrated some key findings. First, consistently begins upper parts planetary boundary layer (PBL) before expanding. Second, organics dominate PBL, whereas free troposphere primary are inorganic species. However, confirm findings, vertical observations required.

Язык: Английский

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