Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
447, С. 130825 - 130825
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023
Micro
and
macroplastics
are
emerging
contaminants
in
agricultural
settings,
yet
their
impact
on
nitrogen
(N)
cycling
partitioning
plant-soil-microbial
systems
is
poorly
understood.
In
this
mesocosm-scale
study,
spring
barley
(Hordeum
vulgare
L.)
was
exposed
to
macro
or
microplastic
produced
from
low
density
polyethylene
(LDPE)
biodegradable
plastic
at
concentrations
equivalent
1,
10
20
years
of
mulch
film
use.
Partitioning
15N-labelled
fertiliser
into
plant
biomass,
soil
leachate
yielded
a
partial
mass
balance.
Soil
N
probed
via
compound-specific
15N-stable
isotope
analyses
microbial
protein.
Concentration-dependent
decreases
15N
uptake
occurred
with
increased
leached
for
LDPE
microplastic.
Assimilation
protein
higher
plastics,
which
we
associate
early-stage
degradation.
inorganic
pools
affected
by
size,
lower
assimilation
the
pool.
While
microplastics
altered
cycling,
limited
impacts
health
indicated
threshold
negative
effects
not
reached
agriculturally
relevant
concentrations.
This
study
highlights
difference
between
conventional
emphasises
that
interplay
micro
must
be
considered
future
studies.
Environmental Chemistry Letters,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
21(3), С. 1761 - 1786
Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023
Global
pollution
by
plastics
derived
from
petroleum
has
fostered
the
development
of
carbon–neutral,
biodegradable
bioplastics
synthesized
renewable
resources
such
as
modern
biomass,
yet
knowledge
on
impact
ecosystems
is
limited.
Here
we
review
polylactic
acid
plastic
with
focus
synthesis,
biodegradability
tuning,
environmental
conversion
to
microplastics,
and
microbes,
algae,
phytoplankton,
zooplankton,
annelids,
mollusk
fish.
Polylactic
a
low
weight
semi-crystalline
bioplastic
used
in
agriculture,
medicine,
packaging
textile.
one
most
widely
biopolymers,
accounting
for
33%
all
produced
2021.
Although
vivo,
not
completely
degradable
under
natural
conditions,
notably
aquatic
conditions.
disintegrates
into
microplastics
faster
than
petroleum-based
may
pose
severe
threats
exposed
biota.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(5), С. 1196 - 1196
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023
Poly(lactic
acid)
(PLA)
is
considered
the
most
promising
biobased
substitute
for
fossil-derived
polymers
due
to
its
compostability,
biocompatibility,
renewability,
and
good
thermomechanical
properties.
However,
PLA
suffers
from
several
shortcomings,
such
as
low
heat
distortion
temperature,
thermal
resistance,
rate
of
crystallization,
whereas
some
other
specific
properties,
i.e.,
flame
retardancy,
anti-UV,
antibacterial
or
barrier
antistatic
conductive
electrical
characteristics,
etc.,
are
required
by
different
end-use
sectors.
The
addition
nanofillers
represents
an
attractive
way
develop
enhance
properties
neat
PLA.
Numerous
with
architectures
have
been
investigated,
satisfactory
achievements,
in
design
nanocomposites.
This
review
paper
overviews
current
advances
synthetic
routes
nanocomposites,
imparted
each
nano-additive,
well
numerous
applications
nanocomposites
various
industrial
fields.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(2), С. 1167 - 1176
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023
Microplastics
are
readily
accumulated
in
coastal
sediments,
where
active
sulfur
(S)
cycling
takes
place.
However,
the
effects
of
microplastics
on
S
sediments
and
their
underlying
mechanisms
remain
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
transformation
patterns
different
species
mangrove
amended
with
associated
microbial
communities
were
investigated
using
stable
isotopic
analysis
metagenomic
sequencing.
Biodegradable
poly(lactic
acid)
(PLA)
treatment
increased
sulfate
(SO42–)
reduction
to
yield
more
acid-volatile
elementary
S,
which
subsequently
transformed
chromium-reducible
(CRS).
The
isotope
fractionation
between
SO42–
CRS
PLA
by
9.1‰
from
days
0
20,
was
greater
than
6.8‰
control.
contrast,
recalcitrant
petroleum-based
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET)
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC)
had
less
impact
reduction,
resulting
7.6
7.7‰
respectively.
pronounced
relative
abundance
Desulfovibrio-related
sulfate-reducing
bacteria,
contributed
a
large
proportion
genes
responsible
for
dissimilatory
reduction.
Overall,
these
findings
provide
insights
into
potential
impacts
exposure
biogeochemical
cycle
sediments.
