Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(8), С. 3702 - 3713
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
Microplastics
are
found
in
various
human
tissues
and
considered
harmful,
raising
concerns
about
exposure
to
microplastics
the
environment.
Existing
research
has
analyzed
indoor
occupational
scenarios,
but
long-term
monitoring
of
ambient
atmospheric
(AMPs),
especially
highly
polluted
urban
regions,
needs
be
further
investigated.
This
study
estimated
environmental
AMPs
by
considering
inhalation,
dust
ingestion,
dermal
three
functional
zones
within
a
megacity.
The
annual
quantity
was
7.37
×
104
items
for
children
1.06
105
adults,
comparable
with
microplastic
consumption
from
food
water.
Significant
spatiotemporal
differences
were
observed
characteristics
that
humans
exposed
to,
wind
speed
rainfall
frequency
mainly
driving
these
changes.
AMP
green
land
spaces,
which
recognized
as
relatively
low
zones,
public
service
residential
zones.
Notably,
significant
positive
correlations
between
pathogenicity
airborne
bacterial
community
discovered.
size
immune-mediated
disease
risks
brought
microbes
showed
most
relationship,
where
Sphingomonas
might
act
potential
key
mediator.
Soil & Environmental Health,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
1(2), С. 100019 - 100019
Опубликована: Май 23, 2023
Large-scale
production,
rapid
consumption,
insufficient
recovery
and
management,
slow
degradation
lead
to
a
large
accumulation
of
plastic
waste
microplastics.
Microplastics
are
characterized
as
stable,
small,
having
specific
surface
area
strong
hydrophobicity.
They
carriers
many
hydrophobic
organic
pollutants,
heavy
metals,
pathogenic
bacteria
drug
resistance
genes.
Worldwide,
microplastic
pollution
in
soils
has
attracted
much
attention.
The
progress
perspectives
the
separation
detection
soil
microplastics
deserve
comprehensive
review
discussion.
Here,
sources
distributions
from
use
agricultural
film,
sludge
recycling,
long-term
application
fertilizer,
runoff,
sewage
irrigation
summarized.
Physical
methods
such
density
separation,
electrostatic
oil
extraction
pressurized
liquid
extraction,
chemical
acid
digestion,
alkaline
hydrogen
peroxide
Fenton
reagent
oxidation,
enzymatic
hydrolysis
for
reviewed.
Futhermore,
technologies
through
microscopy,
spectroscopy,
mass
spectrometry,
thermogravimetric
analysis,
differential
scanning
calorimetry,
X-ray
photoelectron
spectroscopy
nuclear
magnetic
resonance
Finally,
put
forward
understanding
impacts
on
functions
health,
developing
source
control
environmental
remediation
technology,
investigating
low-cost
that
preserve
characteristics
microplastics,
strengthen
degree
automation
avoid
artificial
operation
error,
establish
standard
isolating,
extracting,
identifying,
quantifying
soils.
This
serves
technical
reference
identification
builds
foundation
scientific
assessment
ecological
human
risks
Environmental Chemistry Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(4), С. 1861 - 1888
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024
Abstract
Microplastics
are
emerging
contaminants
that
undergo
progressive
aging
under
environmental
conditions
such
as
sunlight
irradiation,
mechanical
forces,
temperature
variations,
and
the
presence
of
biological
organisms.
Since
modifies
microplastic
properties,
their
own
toxicity
trapped
pollutants,
advanced
methods
to
analyze
microplastics
required.
Here
we
review
with
focus
on
process,
qualitative
identification,
quantitative
characterization,
chemometrics.
Qualitative
identification
is
done
by
techniques,
thermal
e.g.,
degradation
gas
chromatography–mass
spectrometry,
spectral
infrared,
Raman,
fluorescent,
laser
techniques.
Quantitative
characterization
microscopy
mass
spectrometry.
Microplastic
results
in
a
series
surface
physical
changes,
biofilm
formation,
chemical
oxidation,
alternation,
deterioration.
Changes
properties
allow
differentiate
aged
microplastics.
Infrared
Raman
spectroscopy
rapid
sensitive
for
complex
samples.
Combining
two
techniques
preferable
accurate
detection
categorization.
