An annual cycle perspective on energetics and locomotion of migratory animals
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
228(Suppl_1)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025
ABSTRACT
Animal
migrations,
or
long-distance
movements,
on
land,
through
water
in
the
air,
are
considered
energetically
costly
because
of
investment
persistent
locomotion
typical
for
migration.
Diverse
strategies
exist
to
manage
these
energetic
costs.
Yet
migration
is
only
one
stage
an
annual
cycle
and
may
not
be
most
costly.
To
better
understand
how
free-ranging
animals
adaptively
organize
energy
expenditure
locomotion,
perspective
needed.
Bio-logging
data
collected
a
range
animal
species
could
facilitate
life
approach
study
expenditure.
We
provide
examples
from
several
studies
across
different
taxa,
as
well
more
in-depth
exploration
our
own
recent
research
time
activity
budgets
based
field
observations
bio-logging
estimate
daily
migratory
seabird
throughout
year.
Our
has
shown
that
highest
(1.7×
average
expenditure)
during
spring
gulls,
whereas
short-distance
migrants
expend
(1.4×
breeding
season.
Based
provided,
we
show
bio-energetic
models
create
exciting
opportunities
energetics
behaviour
animals,
although
limitations
also
still
exist.
Such
can
reveal
when,
where
why
peaks
lulls
arise
over
migrant,
if
movements
indeed
expensive
adapt
fluctuating
demands
their
natural
environment
Язык: Английский
Effects of wind on the movement, behavior, energetics, and life history of seabirds
Marine Ecology Progress Series,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
723, С. 73 - 117
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023
For
decades,
studies
have
highlighted
links
between
wind
patterns
and
the
behavior,
ecology,
distribution,
energetics
life
history
of
seabirds.
However,
only
relatively
recently
advancements
in
tracking
technologies
improvements
resolution
globally-available
data
allowed
impacts
on
seabirds
to
be
quantified
across
multiple
spatiotemporal
scales.
Here,
we
review
synthesize
current
knowledge
effects
We
first
describe
global
circulation
relevant
atmospheric
processes
discuss
relationship
seabird
morphology,
flight
performance
behavior
relative
wind.
then
develop
a
conceptual
model
linking
movement
strategies
wind,
capabilities
central-place
constraint.
Finally,
examine
how
influences
populations
via
efficiency
energetics,
associated
with
climate
variability
severe
weather.
conclude
by
highlighting
research
priorities
for
advancing
our
understanding
ecology
behavior;
these
include
assessing
what
extent
use
ocean
waves
efficient
flight,
sense
anticipate
patterns,
examining
has
shaped
evolution.
Future
should
also
focus
modulates
habitat
accessibility,
this
could
incorporated
into
theory
use.
Moreover,
approaches
that
mechanistic
climate,
demography
are
needed
assess
population-level
effects,
will
imperative
may
impacted
climate-driven
changes
patterns.
Язык: Английский
Invading occupied territory? Foraging whereabouts and prey of the Caspian Gull (Larus cachinnans) colonising The Netherlands
Journal of Ornithology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2025
Язык: Английский
Thermal soaring in tropicbirds suggests that diverse seabirds may use this strategy to reduce flight costs
Marine Ecology Progress Series,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
723, С. 171 - 183
Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023
Thermal
soaring
can
offer
substantial
reductions
in
flight
cost,
but
it
is
often
assumed
to
be
confined
a
relatively
narrow
group
of
fliers
(those
with
low
wing
loading
relative
their
body
mass).
Using
high-frequency
movement
data,
including
magnetometry
and
GPS,
we
identified
thermal
seabird
previously
thought
use
only
flapping
flight:
the
red-tailed
tropicbird
Phaethon
rubricauda
.
We
tracked
55
individuals
breeding
on
Round
Island,
Mauritius,
examined
environmental
conditions
that
predicted
76
trips
(ranging
from
0.8
43
h,
mean
=
5.9
h).
Tropicbirds
used
gliding
for
13%
time
average
(range
0-34%),
association
both
commuting
prey-searching/pursuits.
The
showed
strong
variation
between
trips,
birds
were
more
likely
soar
when
flying
tailwinds.
This
enables
them
reduce
costs
without
increase
trip
duration,
which
pertinent
season
they
are
constrained
by
need
return
central
place.
Birds
may
therefore
able
amount
outside
season.
Overall,
suggest
widespread
than
thought,
given
specific
morphological
adaptations
this
behaviour
extended
periods,
bio-logging
approaches
best-placed
detect
(high-frequency
GPS/magnetometry)
tend
during
season,
less
likely.
Язык: Английский
Thermal soaring over the North Sea and implications for wind farm interactions
J van Erp,
E Sage,
W Bouten
и другие.
Marine Ecology Progress Series,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
723, С. 185 - 200
Опубликована: Май 2, 2023
Seabirds
use
several
flight
modes
at
sea,
including
thermal
soaring,
in
which
uplift
is
used
to
gain
altitude
and
save
energy.
An
increase
may
have
consequences
for
wind
farm
interactions
if
it
results
birds
spending
more
time
within
the
rotor-swept
zone
(RSZ).
To
understand
conditions
under
soaring
occurs
potential
implications
interactions,
we
investigated
relation
atmospheric
June
July
2
study
areas
North
Sea,
west
north
of
Dutch
coast.
We
developed
algorithms
that
identified
GPS
tracks
lesser
black-backed
gulls
Larus
fuscus
radar
seabirds.
By
combining
species-specific
3-dimensional
information
on
behaviour
from
bio-logging
with
continuous
spatiotemporal
coverage
positioned
parks,
obtained
a
comprehensive
overview
sea
than
either
method
would
obtain
alone.
Our
showed
flew
higher
altitudes
during
non-soaring
flight,
increasing
proportion
RSZ.
Thermal
occurred
inside
offshore
farms
similar
degree
as
outside.
was
positively
correlated
positive
temperature
differences
(ΔT)
between
surface
air
(at
m
above
level),
north-westerly
winds.
show
probability
over
outside
farms,
increases
larger
differences,
resulting
increased
spent
RSZ
an
collision
risk
Язык: Английский
Experience does not change the importance of wind support for migratory route selection by a soaring bird
Royal Society Open Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9(12)
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022
Migration
is
a
complex
behaviour
that
costly
in
terms
of
time,
energy
and
risk
mortality.
Thermal
soaring
birds
rely
on
airflow,
specifically
wind
support
uplift,
to
offset
their
energetic
costs
flight.
Their
migratory
routes
are
record
movement
decisions
negotiate
the
atmospheric
environment
achieve
efficiency.
We
expected
that,
regardless
age,
use
select
routes.
Because
thermal
flight
young
need
learn,
we
as
individuals
gain
more
experience,
will
also
increasingly
favour
best
uplift
conditions.
quantified
how
route
choice
during
autumn
migration
European
honey
buzzards
(Pernis
apivorus)
was
adjusted
over
up
4
years
compared
this
with
choices
adult
birds.
found
important
all
migrations.
However,
did
not
find
an
increase
uplifts.
This
could
be
due
species-specific
learning
period
and/or
artefact
spatio-temporal
scale
our
proxies.
Язык: Английский
Soaring over open waters: horizontal winds provide lift to soaring migrants in weak thermal conditions
Movement Ecology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2023
Abstract
Background
For
soaring
birds,
the
ability
to
benefit
from
variable
airflow
dynamics
is
crucial,
especially
while
crossing
natural
barriers
such
as
vast
water
bodies
during
migration.
Soaring
birds
also
take
advantage
of
warm
rising
air,
so-called
thermals,
that
allow
ascend
passively
higher
altitudes
with
reduced
energy
costs.
Although
it
well
known
migrants
generally
supportive
winds
and
potential
uplifts
other
weather
factors
enabling
behavior
remains
unsolved.
Methods
In
this
study,
we
GPS-tracked
19
Red
Kites,
Milvus
milvus
,
Central
European
population
crossed
Adriatic
Sea
on
their
autumn
Migratory
tracks
were
annotated
data
(wind
support,
side
wind,
temperature
difference
between
air
surface—proxy
for
thermal
uplift,
cloud
cover,
precipitation)
assess
effect
Kites'
decisions
performance
along
migration
across
land.
Results
Wind
support
affected
timing
over
Sea.
We
found
differences
horizontal
positively
sea
movement
by
providing
lift
in
otherwise
weak
thermals.
Furthermore,
patterns
tracked
raptors
strength
direction
prevailing
winds.
Conclusion
Thanks
modern
GPS–GSM
telemetry
devices
available
online
databases,
explored
different
variables
occurrence
migratory
raptors.
revealed
how
wind
pattern
could
soar
thermals
utilizing
winds,
thus
reducing
costs
active
flapping
flight
bodies.
Язык: Английский
Learning mappings of thermal updraft fields under unknown operating conditions using a deep operator network
Physics of Fluids,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(6)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Precise
estimation
of
the
thermal
updraft
environment
is
important
for
effective
exploration
wind
resources
in
long-endurance
drones.
Nevertheless,
previous
regression
algorithms
exhibit
limitations
accurately
evaluating
updrafts
under
new
operating
conditions,
and
traditional
airborne
measurement
methods
are
constrained
by
narrow
ranges
sparse
spatial
sampling.
This
study
addresses
these
challenges
harnessing
continuous
temperature
data
acquired
via
infrared
sensors.
The
proposed
methodology
employs
a
data-driven
deep
operator
network
(DeepONet)
to
map
field
velocity
field.
Numerical
simulations
two-dimensional
Rayleigh–Bénard
convection
conducted
simulate
sensing
measurements
various
Rayleigh
number
Ra,
used
as
both
training
testing
datasets.
For
DeepONet
framework,
convolutional
neural
(CNN)
structure
employed
branch
extract
features
from
Simultaneously,
fully
connected
(FNN)
adopted
trunk
network,
encoding
input
functions
fixed
In
order
assess
performance
environments,
conditions
within
range
Ra=3×107–6×107,
other
unknown
conditions.
By
compared
conventional
FNN
standard
DeepONet(CNN)
this
manifests
significant
enhancement
performance,
demonstrating
improvements
ranging
20%
40%
Язык: Английский