Pesticide residues with hazard classifications relevant to non-target species including humans are omnipresent in the environment and farmer residences

Environment International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 181, С. 108280 - 108280

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023

Intensive and widespread use of pesticides raises serious environmental human health concerns. The presence levels 209 pesticide residues (active substances transformation products) in 625 samples (201 soil, 193 crop, 20 outdoor air, 115 indoor dust, 58 surface water, 38 sediment samples) have been studied. were collected during the 2021 growing season, across 10 study sites, covering main European crops, conventional organic farming systems. We profiled found different matrices using existing hazard classifications towards non-target organisms humans. Combining monitoring data information, we developed an indicator for prioritization pesticides, which can support policy decisions sustainable transitions. Eighty-six percent had at least one residue above respective limit detection. One hundred 112 99 sediments, 78 76 197 dust. number, levels, profile varied between Our results show that non-approved compounds still represent a significant part cocktails should be accounted programs risk assessments. profiles analysis confirms dominance low-moderate underscores high some approved recurring "no available" situations. Overall, our idea assessed mixture context, taking environmentally relevant mixtures into consideration. uncovered uncertainties gaps addressed, as well implications EU approval status level. newly introduced help identify research priority areas, act reference targeted scenarios set forth Farm to Fork reduction goals.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing the ecological impact of pesticides/herbicides on algal communities: A comprehensive review

Aquatic Toxicology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 268, С. 106851 - 106851

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Capturing temporal variation in aquatic ecotoxicological risks: Chemical- versus effect-based assessment

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 967, С. 178797 - 178797

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

The integration of effect-based and chemical profiling has been advocated to assess the potential ecotoxicological risks posed by mixtures present in aquatic ecosystems. However, concentrations contaminants surface waters can vary greatly over time space, making it challenging ensure risk assessment. Although first results are promising, not yet proven that these combined approaches also capable capturing temporal variation risks. study aimed test this combining passive time-integrative sampling with chemical-analytical techniques agricultural waterways. Silicone rubber sheets polar organic integrative samplers (POCIS) were deployed four water bodies consecutive six-week periods. Passive sampler extracts analysed using a battery 22 vitro vivo bioassays tandem extensive target analysis 225 compounds. induced fluctuating bioassay responses for all locations during periods, highlighting presence spatial toxic pressure. A range compounds, primarily fungicides herbicides, detected periods at variable concentrations, persistent but pressure regions. toxicity observed could solely be attributed chemicals 6 % cases those explaining only 1-16.9 effects, indicating predominantly caused undetected chemicals. Risk assessments based on revealed frequent exceedances trigger values It is concluded better capture variations than traditional analyses, advanced needed explain bioanalytical response profiles.

Язык: Английский

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Seasonal hot spots of pollution and risks in Western Kenya: A spatial-temporal analysis of almost 800 organic micropollutants

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 949, С. 175036 - 175036

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2024

The release of chemicals into the environment presents a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems dependent on proximity emission sources and seasonal dynamics mobilization. While spatial-temporal information water pollution in Europe is increasing, there are substantial knowledge gaps tropical countries. Thus, we took Lake Victoria South Basin western Kenya as case study identify spatial hot spots contamination, quantified toxic risks different groups organisms, identified risk drivers. For this purpose, analyzed grab samples from five rivers with agricultural wastewater treatment plants their catchment four seasons. We used liquid chromatography coupled high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) target list 785 organic micropollutants. A total 307 compounds were detected concentrations ranging 0.3 ng/L 6.6 μg/L. Using Toxic Unit (TU) approach based mixture toxicity standard test crustaceans most affected group followed by algae fish. crustaceans, chronic thresholds exceeded 96 % all samples, while 56 expected be acutely toxic, highest February during dry season. High unit values for fish recorded July season May wet Diazinon, imidacloprid, clothianidin pirimiphos-methyl major drivers crustacean triclosan herbicide mixtures drive seasons, respectively. 18 found exceed acute environmental thresholds. With study, strong patterns pollution, could confirmed informing prioritization monitoring abatement enhance quality reduce risks.

Язык: Английский

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Pesticide dynamics in three small agricultural creeks in Hesse, Germany

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11, С. e15650 - e15650

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

Due to their high biodiversity, small water bodies play an important role for freshwater ecosystems. Nonetheless, systematic pesticide monitoring in creeks with a catchment <30 km2 is rarely conducted.In this study, event-driven samples were taken from May until November 2017 and March July 2018 after 20 rain events at three sampling sites areas of <27 the Wetterau, region intensive agriculture Southern Hesse, Germany. Additionally, enriched extracts native campaign used Microtox assay determine baseline toxicity invertebrates over time sum toxic units (STU) calculated compare potential samples.Overall, 37 pesticides 17 transformation products found, whereby herbicide metamitron (79 µg/L) showed highest concentration. Regularly, concentrations peaked level within each event. Within event maximum concentration was mostly reached during first two hours. The time-weighted mean values all between 2.0 µg/L 7.2 µg/L, measured exceeded regulatory acceptable (RAC) 55% least one pesticide. EC50 varied 28.6 ± 13.1 41.3 12.1 REF (relative enrichment factor). results indicated that several caused toxicity, activity levels concentrations, then steadily decreased parallel level. Median STUs ranged -2.10 -3.91, algae/aquatic plants -0.79 -1.84 fish -2.47 -4.24. For sites, significant linear correlation STUinvertebratewas found (r2 = 0.48).The present study suggest (1) current programs underestimate risks posed by exposure aquatic organisms (2) pre-authorization risk assessment schemes are insufficient protect environments.

Язык: Английский

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Water quality deterioration remains a major stressor for macroinvertebrate, diatom and fish communities in German rivers

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 907, С. 167994 - 167994

Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2023

About 60 % of Europe's rivers fail to meet ecological quality standards derived from biological criteria. The causes are manifold, but recent reports suggest a dominant role hydro-morphological and water quality-related stressors. Yet, in particular micropollutants hydrological stressors often tend be underrepresented multiple-stressor studies. Using monitoring data four Federal States Germany, this study investigated the effects 19 stressor variables six groups (nutrients, salt ions, dissolved oxygen/water temperature, mixture toxicity 51 micropollutants, alteration morphological habitat quality) on three assemblages (fishes, macroinvertebrates, benthic diatoms). Biological were analyzed for 35 community metrics quantified using Random Forest (RF) analyses put into hierarchical context. To compare metric responses, grouped categories reflecting important characteristics communities, such as sensitivity, functional traits, diversity composition well composite indices that integrate several one single index (e.g., class). Water - not turned out dominate responses all assemblages. In contrast, less pronounced stronger than Explained variances RF models ranged 23-64 16-40 diatoms 18-48 fishes. Despite high variability across groups, sensitivity tended reveal individual higher explained variance indices. results (physico-chemical) deterioration continues impact many German rivers, despite extensive progress wastewater treatment during past decades. detect deterioration, schemes need target relevant physico-chemical micropollutants. Furthermore, needs measures flow magnitude dynamics). At present, surveys rarely address degree alteration. order achieve good status, river restoration management both Restricting just organism group macroinvertebrates) or only selected class) may hamper identification its classification and, thus mislead management.

Язык: Английский

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Simulating event-based pesticide transport with runoff and erosion; OpenLISEM-pesticide v.1

Environmental Modelling & Software, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 174, С. 105960 - 105960

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

This study presents a novel pesticide transport module for the OpenLISEM runoff and erosion model. During water events, high amounts of pesticides can be transported alongside runoff. Simulating this process helps to mitigate adverse effects in environment. We conceptualized uptake during with mixing-layer, including mass transfer dissolved into detachment combination enrichment sorbed pesticides. Lateral is modelled kinematic wave based on overland flow water. The model simulations were line observations two events small agricultural catchment South-Limburg, Netherlands. A sensitivity analysis showed that was mainly influenced by rate, soil-water partitioning exponent ratio. accurate simulation OpenLISEM, enables OpenLISEM-pesticide simulate redistribution adequately.

Язык: Английский

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Water Framework Directive micropollutant monitoring mirrors catchment land use: Importance of agricultural and urban sources revealed

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 917, С. 170583 - 170583

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

River monitoring programs worldwide consistently unveil micropollutant concentrations (pesticide, pharmaceuticals, and industrial chemicals) exceeding regulatory quality targets with deteriorating effects on aquatic communities. However, both the composition individual of micropollutants are likely to vary catchment land use, in particular regarding urban agricultural area as primary sources micropollutants. In this study, we used a dataset 109 governmental sites monitored across Federal State North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, investigate relationship between high-resolution use (distinguishing urban, forested grassland well 22 different crop types) 39 using Linear Mixed Models (LMMs). Ecotoxicological risks were indicated for mixtures pharmaceutical chemicals 100 % pesticides 55 sites. The proportion was positively related most pharmaceuticals (R2 up 0.54), whereas proportions areas generally showed negative relations. Cropland overall weak positive relationships 0.29). Individual types, particularly vegetables permanent crops, higher relations 0.46). findings suggest that type-specific pesticide applications mirrored detected concentrations. This highlights need spatial magnitude dynamics exposure relevant pollution sources, which would remain undetected highly aggregated classifications. Moreover, imply tailored management measures reduce from their ecological effects. Urban point could be managed by advanced wastewater treatment. reduction diffuse uses requires additional measures, prevent entering environment targets.

Язык: Английский

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Organochlorine pesticides in Ethiopian waters: Implications for environmental and human health

Toxicology Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12, С. 622 - 630

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Despite the global ban on organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) since 1970s, their use continues in many developing countries, including Ethiopia, primarily due to lack of viable alternatives and weak regulations. Nonetheless, extent contamination resulting environmental health consequences these countries remain inadequately understood. To address knowledge gaps, we conducted a comprehensive analysis reported concentrations (n=398) OCPs (n=30) distinct yet interconnected water matrices: water, sediment, biota Ethiopia. Our revealed notable geographical bias, with higher found sediments (0.074-1161.2 µg/kg), followed by (0.024-1003 µg/kg) (0.001-1.85 µg/L). Moreover, DDTs, endosulfan, hexachlorohexenes (HCHs) were among most frequently detected Ethiopian waters. The DDT metabolite

Язык: Английский

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Linking wastewater treatment plant effluents to water quality and hydrology: Effects of multiple stressors on fish communities

Water Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 260, С. 121914 - 121914

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2024

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are essential for maintaining a good water quality of surface waters. However, WWTPs also associated with deterioration and hydro-morphological alteration. Riverine communities respond to these stressors changes in their community structure, abundance diversity. In this study, we used dataset 94 monitoring sites across North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany investigate the influence on river sections downstream WWTP effluents. More specifically, analyzed effects percentage effluents (in relation median base flow) four stressor groups (physico-chemistry, micropollutants, hydrological morphological alteration) using Linear Mixed Models (LMM). Furthermore, assessed impact selection twelve ecologically relevant variables reflecting alteration reference fish Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). The was correlated quality, especially toxic units wide range pharmaceuticals including diclofenac, venlafaxine sulfamethoxazole (R² up 0.54) as well specific pesticides (e.g., terbutryn: R² = 0.33). correlation percent weaker most pronounced frequency high flow 0.24) variability 0.19). About 40 % variance structure were explained by 12 CCA models. Water hydrological, but not showed strong albeit highly variable individual species. results indicate that degradation important factors determining ecological status communities. context, can impose point sources pollution affect cause alterations regime. Further management measures addressing both needed improve status.

Язык: Английский

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