A Brief Outline of Indoor Air Quality: Monitoring, Modeling, and Impacts

Journal of Environmental Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 151(5)

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Optimizing Air Conditioning Unit Power Consumption in an Educational Building: A Rough Set Theory and Fuzzy Logic-Based Approach

Applied System Innovation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(2), С. 32 - 32

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Split air conditioning units are crucial for ensuring the thermal comfort of buildings. Conventional scheduling or pre-timed system activities result in high consumption and wasted energy. This study proposes an intelligent control automatic setpoint adjustment educational building based on real-time indoor outdoor environmental room occupancy data. Principal component analysis was used to identify energy components ramp-up steady-state power usage scenarios. K-means clustering then categorize scenarios patterns operational states, predict variables, generate fuzzy inference rules. The application rough set theory eliminated rule redundancy by at least 99.27% enhanced computational speed 96.40%. After testing using real historical data from uncontrolled environment occupant satisfaction surveys reflecting a range ACU setpoints, achieved daily average savings 25.56% period 63.24% operating time, as compared conventional variable operations. proposed technique provides basis dynamic data-driven decision-making, enabling sustainable management smart applications.

Язык: Английский

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Implementation of an Internet of Things Architecture to Monitor Indoor Air Quality: A Case Study During Sleep Periods

Sensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(6), С. 1683 - 1683

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Most human time is spent indoors, and due to the pandemic, monitoring indoor air quality (IAQ) has become more crucial. In this study, an IoT (Internet of Things) architecture implemented monitor IAQ parameters, including CO2 particulate matter (PM). An ESP32-C6-based device developed measure sensor data send them, using MQTT protocol, a remote InfluxDBv2 database instance, where are stored visualized. The Python 3.11 scripting programming language used automate Flux queries database, allowing in-depth interpretation. system allows analyze two measured scenarios during sleep: one with door slightly open closed. Results indicate that sleeping causes levels ascend slowly maintain lower concentrations compared closed, faster maximum recommended values exceeded. This demonstrates benefits ventilation in maintaining IAQ. can be for sensing different environments, such as schools or offices, so assessment made. Based on generated data, predictive models designed support decisions intelligent natural systems, achieving optimized, efficient, ubiquitous solution moderate

Язык: Английский

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The role of interventions in enhancing indoor environmental quality in Higher Education Institutions for student well-being and academic performance

Current Opinion in Environmental Science & Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100611 - 100611

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A Comparative Study of CO2 Forecasting Strategies in School Classrooms: A Step Toward Improving Indoor Air Quality

Sensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(7), С. 2173 - 2173

Опубликована: Март 29, 2025

This paper comprehensively investigates the performance of various strategies for predicting CO2 levels in school classrooms over different time horizons by using data collected through IoT devices. We gathered Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) from fifteen schools Navarra, Spain between 10 January and 3 April 2022, with measurements taken at 10-min intervals. Three prediction divided into seven models were trained on compared statistical tests. The study confirms that simple methodologies are effective short-term predictions, while Machine Learning (ML)-based perform better longer horizons. Furthermore, this demonstrates feasibility low-cost devices combined ML forecasting, which can help to improve IAQ sensitive environments such as schools.

Язык: Английский

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Comparison and evaluation of machine learning models for predicting indoor PM2.5 concentrations on a large spatiotemporal scale

Building Simulation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Maintenance 4.0 for HVAC Systems: Addressing Implementation Challenges and Research Gaps

Smart Cities, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(2), С. 66 - 66

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025

This article explores the integration of Maintenance 4.0 into HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) systems, highlighting its essential role within framework Industry 4.0. utilizes advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence IoT sensing technologies. It also incorporates sophisticated data management techniques to transform maintenance strategies indoor ventilation systems. These innovations work together enhance energy efficiency, quality, overall system performance. The paper provides an overview various frameworks, discussing sensors in real-time monitoring environmental conditions, equipment health, consumption. highlights how AI-driven analytics, supported by data, enable predictive fault detection. Additionally, identifies key research gaps challenges that hinder widespread implementation 4.0, including issues related model interpretability, integration, scalability. proposes solutions address these challenges, techniques, explainable AI models, robust strategies, user-centered design approaches. By addressing gaps, this aims accelerate adoption contributing more sustainable, efficient, intelligent built environments.

Язык: Английский

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How Does IoT Impact on Indoor Environmental Quality?

Lecture notes in civil engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 968 - 977

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The Evolution of Civil Engineering Field With the Emergence and Incorporation of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things

Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 431 - 486

Опубликована: Май 8, 2025

Civil Engineering is the oldest branch of engineering which was essential in development any civilization human history and eventually led to other branches with progress pages history. The same goes for current times, but technological developments implementation are usually seen at a slower rate this compared existing engineering. Over recent decade, AI & IoT have developed very fast pace. Their applications effect could be noticed field civil as well, will covered chapter. Then, some important new area because discussed order understand evolution future mentioned field. graphical analyses based on available data performed support study understanding prospects.

Язык: Английский

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Field Investigation of Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality Analysis Using a Multi-Zone Approach in a Tropical Hypermarket

Buildings, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(10), С. 1677 - 1677

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ), encompassing thermal comfort and indoor air (IAQ), plays a crucial role in occupant well-being operational performance. Although widely studied individually, integrating IAQ assessments remains limited, particularly large-scale tropical commercial settings. Hypermarkets, characterised by spatial heterogeneity fluctuating occupancy, present challenges that conventional HVAC systems often fail to manage effectively. This study investigates variability hypermarket located Gombak, Malaysia, under rainforest conditions based on the Köppen–Geiger climate classification, used system for classifying world’s climates. Environmental parameters were monitored using network of IoT-enabled sensors across five functional zones during actual operations. Thermal indices (PMV, PPD) metrics (CO2, TVOC, PM2.5, PM10) analysed benchmarked against ASHRAE 55 standards assess variations exposure. Results revealed substantial heterogeneity, with cafeteria zone recording critical discomfort (PPD 93%, CO2 900 ppm, TVOC 1500 ppb) due localised heat insufficient ventilation. Meanwhile, intermediate retail maintained near-optimal 12%). findings are specific this hypermarket, integrated zone-based monitoring provides empirical insights support enhancement IEQ assessment approaches spaces. By characterising zone-specific profiles, contributes valuable knowledge toward developing adaptive, occupant-centred strategies complex environments hot-humid

Язык: Английский

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