Ocean & Coastal Management,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
249, С. 107023 - 107023
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2024
Understanding
the
global
impact
of
offshore
wind
farms
(OWF)
on
biodiversity
and
ecosystem
services
(ES)
is
crucial
in
developing
sustainable
energy
transition
pathways.
This
study
takes
a
holistic
approach,
coupling
semi-systematic
review
with
novel
analytical
methodology,
to
consider
consequences
construction
&
operation
OWF
deployment
ES.
314
pieces
evidence
taken
from
132
peer-reviewed
studies
provide
basis
determine
ecological
ES
impacts.
The
process
showed
that
impacts
were
predominantly
negative
across
subject
groups
(52%),
compared
positive
(8%)
several
species
fish
(e.g.
brill,
cod,
dab,
plaice)
some
birds
common
guillemot,
northern
fulmar,
redhead)
showing
strongly
trends.
Operational
phase
more
variable
could
be
either
(32%)
or
(34%)
depending
site
specific
conditions.
More
detailed
investigations
into
fish,
shellfish,
humans
air-surface
recorded
net
effect
farm
operations
these
groups.
Translation
outcomes
identified
14
are
impacted
by
OWF.
most
substantially
enhanced
included
effects
commercial
fisheries
experiential
recreation.
Social
acceptance
toward
new
hypothetical
was
also
positive,
irrespective
country
location.
Negative
ES,
including
existence
values
for
culturally
important
groups,
e.g.,
marine
mammals
spread
non-native
species,
potentially
significance.
Overall,
this
finds
than
86%
possible
still
unknown.
There
paucity
decommissioning
deeper-water
floating
structures,
bias
hemisphere
developed
countries.
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Maritime Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 69
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024
In
the
marine
environment,
greening
of
grey
infrastructure
(GGI)
is
a
rapidly
growing
field
that
attempts
to
encourage
native
life
colonize
artificial
structures
enhance
biodiversity,
thereby
promoting
ecosystem
functioning
and
hence
service
provision.
By
designing
multifunctional
sea
defences,
breakwaters,
port
complexes
off-shore
renewable
energy
installations,
these
can
yield
myriad
environmental
benefits,
in
particular,
addressing
UN
SDG
14:
Life
below
water.
Whilst
GGI
has
shown
great
promise
there
evidence
base,
remain
many
criticisms
knowledge
gaps,
some
feel
scope
for
be
abused
by
developers
facilitate
harmful
development.
Given
surge
research
this
recent
years,
it
timely
review
literature
provide
an
update
on
state-of-the-art
relation
identify
remaining
gaps.
Despite
rapid
significant
advances
made
field,
currently
lack
science
practice
outside
academic
sectors
developed
world,
collective
need
schemes
intersectoral
transsectoral
research,
exchange,
capacity
building
optimize
pursuit
contributing
sustainable
Annals of Botany,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
133(1), С. 1 - 16
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023
Abstract
Background
Marine
macroalgae
(‘seaweeds’)
are
a
diverse
and
globally
distributed
group
of
photosynthetic
organisms
that
together
generate
considerable
primary
productivity,
provide
an
array
different
habitats
for
other
organisms,
contribute
many
important
ecosystem
functions
services.
As
result
continued
anthropogenic
stress
on
marine
systems,
macroalgal
species
face
uncertain
future,
risking
their
vital
contribution
to
global
productivity
service
provision.
Scope
After
briefly
considering
the
remarkable
taxonomy
ecological
distribution
macroalgae,
we
review
how
threats
posed
by
combination
anthropogenically
induced
stressors
affect
seaweed
communities.
From
there
highlight
five
critical
avenues
further
research
explore
(long-term
monitoring,
use
functional
traits,
focus
early
ontogeny,
biotic
interactions
impact
litter
coastal
vegetation).
Conclusions
Although
parallels
with
terrestrial
vascular
plant
responses
stressors,
note
impacts
some
(e.g.
habitat
loss)
much
less
keenly
felt
in
oceans
than
land.
Nevertheless,
common
communities,
climate
change
will
inevitably
be
most
pernicious
threat
future
persistence
species,
communities
While
understanding
simultaneous
environmental
is
complex
exercise,
our
attempt
synergies
priorities
elucidate
trends
mechanisms
response,
may
yet
offer
small
this
goal.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
938, С. 173519 - 173519
Опубликована: Май 29, 2024
In
response
to
ongoing
coastal
urbanization,
it
is
critical
develop
effective
methods
improve
the
biodiversity
and
ecological
sustainability
of
artificial
shorelines.
Enhancing
topographic
complexity
infrastructure
through
mimicry
natural
substrata
may
facilitate
establishment
ecosystem
engineering
species
associated
biogenic
habitat
formation.
However,
interactions
between
engineers
their
substratum
are
likely
determined
by
organismal
size
resource
needs,
thus
making
responses
topography
highly
scale-dependent.
Here,
we
assessed
properties
(rugosity,
surface
area,
micro-surface
orientations)
that
underpin
abundance
distribution
two
(fucoids,
limpets)
across
six
spatial
scales
(1–500
mm).
Furthermore,
'biogenic'
rugosity
created
barnacle
matrices
fine
(1–20
Field
surveys
3D
scanning,
conducted
substrata,
showed
major
effects
variables
on
engineer
assemblages
occupancy,
while
additional
abiotic
environmental
factors
(compass
direction,
wave
exposure)
biotic
associations
only
had
weak
influences.
Natural
exhibited
≤67
%
higher
than
ones.
Fucoid-covered
patches
were
predominantly
with
high-rugosity
horizontal
micro-surfaces,
homescars
limpets
(≥15
mm
shell
length)
predominated
smoother
patches.
Barnacle-driven
homogenized
at
≤10
mm.
Our
findings
suggest
scale-dependent
a
key
driver
fucoid
formation
limpet
use,
wider
eco-engineering
applications
for
mimicking
ecologically
impactful
infrastructure.
Marine Pollution Bulletin,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
202, С. 116358 - 116358
Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024
Topographic
complexity
is
often
considered
to
be
closely
associated
with
habitat
and
niche
diversity;
however,
complex
topography
per
se
does
not
imply
suitability.
Rather,
ecologically
suitable
habitats
may
emerge
if
topographic
features
interact
environmental
factors
thereby
alter
their
surrounding
microenvironment
the
benefit
of
local
organisms
(e.g.,
resource
provisioning,
stress
mitigation).
Topography
thus
act
as
a
key
modulator
abiotic
stressors
biotic
pressures,
particularly
in
environmentally
challenging
intertidal
systems.
Here,
we
review
how
can
microhabitat
conditions
respect
four
resources
required
by
organisms:
source
energy
(light,
suspended
food
particles,
prey,
detritus),
water
(hydration,
buffering
light,
temperature
hydrodynamics),
shelter
(temperature,
wave
exposure,
predation),
space
(substratum
area,
propagule
settlement,
movement).
We
synthesize
mechanisms
quantitative
findings
altered
through
suggest
an
organism-centered
'form-follows-ecological-function'
approach
designing
multifunctional
marine
infrastructure.
