Waste Management,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
201, С. 114793 - 114793
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025
The
European
Union's
recycling
objectives
of
50
%
for
packaging
by
2025
and
55
2030
are
still
far
from
the
current
rate
37.8
%.
Thermochemical
via
pyrolysis
might
improve
recovery
rates,
especially
challenging
post-consumer
dirty
contaminated
plastics.
Many
studies
focus
on
virgin
plastics
artificial
mixtures
these
to
simulate
real-world
mixed
plastic
waste
scenarios.
This
study
examines
a
sample
pre-sorting
an
Italian
composting
plant
represent
real
within
collection
chain.
contains
plastics,
organics,
paper,
others,
with
making
up
72.18
sample,
primarily
identified
as
LDPE,
PP,
HDPE.
were
tested
individually
mixture,
mirroring
concentrations
observed
original
in
bench-scale
semi-batch
reactor
at
varying
temperatures
(420
°C,
470
520
°C)
residence
times.
analysis
indicated
that
temperature
time
considerably
influence
product
yields
composition,
although
has
more
dominant
effect.
Wax
showed
paraffins
olefins
primary
components,
peak
carbon
number
distribution
C14-C19
range
elevated
temperatures.
Contaminant
wax
substantial
levels
halogens
metals,
posing
challenges
downstream
processes.
Results
mixture
tests
revealed
individual
polymers
could
be
predicted
linear
combination
their
behaviors,
accuracy
10
margin
error
across
examined
lower
Journal of Applied Polymer Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025
ABSTRACT
This
study
assessed
the
biodegradability
of
flexible
film
and
its
components.
The
tests
were
carried
out
under
composting
conditions.
kinetics
carbon
dioxide
production
percentage
biodegradation
measured.
Fourier
Transform
InfraRed
spectroscopy
(FTIR),
Thermo
Gravimetric
Analysis
(TGA),
Scanning
Electron
Microscopy
(SEM)
used
to
changes
films
in
test.
total
organic
(TOC)
was
After
test,
plant
growth
out,
which
included
measurement
chlorophyll
Index
(CI).
results
showed
that
film,
ecovio
F2223,
thermoplastic
starch
(TPS)
achieved
92.13%,
93.20%,
96.88%,
respectively,
contrast
polylactic
acid‐PLA
(80.28%).
FTIR
molecular
structures,
mainly
band
crystalline
zones
around
2800–3000
cm
−1
,
deformation
bands
between
1400
1500
amorphous
1200–1000
.
TGA
films,
PLA,
TPS
a
thermal
degradation
350°C,
360°C,
370°C,
320°C,
due
polymeric
structures
degradation.
SEM
micrographs
show
morphology
change
on
surfaces
after
evidencing
action
microorganisms.
compost
stability
by
Gemination
CI
no
presented
significative
differences.
Waste Management,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
201, С. 114793 - 114793
Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025
The
European
Union's
recycling
objectives
of
50
%
for
packaging
by
2025
and
55
2030
are
still
far
from
the
current
rate
37.8
%.
Thermochemical
via
pyrolysis
might
improve
recovery
rates,
especially
challenging
post-consumer
dirty
contaminated
plastics.
Many
studies
focus
on
virgin
plastics
artificial
mixtures
these
to
simulate
real-world
mixed
plastic
waste
scenarios.
This
study
examines
a
sample
pre-sorting
an
Italian
composting
plant
represent
real
within
collection
chain.
contains
plastics,
organics,
paper,
others,
with
making
up
72.18
sample,
primarily
identified
as
LDPE,
PP,
HDPE.
were
tested
individually
mixture,
mirroring
concentrations
observed
original
in
bench-scale
semi-batch
reactor
at
varying
temperatures
(420
°C,
470
520
°C)
residence
times.
analysis
indicated
that
temperature
time
considerably
influence
product
yields
composition,
although
has
more
dominant
effect.
Wax
showed
paraffins
olefins
primary
components,
peak
carbon
number
distribution
C14-C19
range
elevated
temperatures.
Contaminant
wax
substantial
levels
halogens
metals,
posing
challenges
downstream
processes.
Results
mixture
tests
revealed
individual
polymers
could
be
predicted
linear
combination
their
behaviors,
accuracy
10
margin
error
across
examined
lower
