Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
73(6), С. 3389 - 3399
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Honey
bees
(Apis
mellifera)
are
managed
pollinators
playing
a
critical
role
in
global
agriculture.
Among
factors
linked
to
bee
decline,
the
ectoparasitic
varroa
mite
(Varroa
destructor)
is
major
stressor.
Coumaphos
an
organophosphate
pro-insecticide
known
for
its
selectivity
toward
honey
bees,
rendering
it
effective
in-hive
treatment
against
mites.
This
study
investigated
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
coumaphos
tolerance
bees.
Coumaphos-oxon
inhibition
studies
with
recombinantly
expressed
acetylcholinesterases
of
and
mites
precluded
toxicodynamic
reasons
observed
selectivity.
Synergist
bioassays
biochemical
confirmed
that
CYP9Q2
key
enzyme
involved
detoxification,
particularly
by
catalytic
capacity
hydroxylate
coumaphos-oxon.
Bioassays
transgenic
Drosophila
expressing
validated
our
findings.
Enzyme
revealed
suicide
substrate
properties
leading
inactivation
P450s
during
oxidation.
demonstrated
complexity
P450-mediated
activation
driving
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
951, С. 175378 - 175378
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024
In
North
America,
approximately
21
%
(739
species)
of
the
total
wild
bee
diversity
is
known
to
be
associated
with
crops,
species
varying
in
extent
this
association.
While
current
evaluations
pesticide
effects
on
bees
primarily
focus
a
limited
subset
species,
new
needed
ensure
comprehensive
protection
all
agricultural
contexts.
This
study
introduces
novel
approach
characterize
and
compare
relative
potential
risk
for
their
association
crops.
Using
intrinsic
vulnerability
traits
extrinsic
factors
like
crop
toxic
loads
strength,
we
calculated
Bee-Crop
Risk
Scores
594
identifying
those
experiencing
highest
from
exposure
American
agroecosystems.
We
discuss
influence
outline
avenues
refining
our
approach.
As
most
facing
across
America
are
ground-nesters,
suggests
that
(e.g.,
Osmia
spp.,
Megachile
spp.)
commonly
proposed
as
models
assessments
may
not
accurately
represent
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2024
Abstract
Pesticides
often
harm
beneficial
insect
pollinators,
impairing
their
ability
to
navigate
the
environment,
learn,
fight
off
disease,
and
reproduce.
Understanding
mechanisms
behind
these
disorders
is
essential
for
improving
pesticide
risk
assessments.
To
test
whether
exposure
induces
similar
or
distinct
transcriptional
responses
across
tissues,
we
administered
field-realistic
dose
of
common
neonicotinoid
clothianidin
Bombus
terrestris
bumble
bees.
We
then
measured
gene
expression
in
brains,
hind
femurs,
Malpighian
tubules.
Our
analyses
revealed
that
82%
differences
were
tissue-specific.
Although
genes
associated
with
energy
metabolism
consistently
down-regulated
all
primarily
affected
core
tissue
functions,
namely
linked
ion
transport
brain,
muscle
function
femur,
detoxification
Furthermore,
while
brain
holds
highest
abundance
target
receptors,
other
tissues
showed
more
substantial
magnitude.
These
findings
reveal
causes
complex,
tissue-specific
effects
rather
than
a
uniform
body-wide
response.
study
provides
mechanistic
basis
severe
on
bees
shows
how
transcriptomics
can
help
pinpoint
most
areas
processes
body.
Accordingly
focusing
toxicological
assays
could
significantly
improve
precision
safety
evaluations.
