Research progress on activated persulfate by biochar: Soil and water environment remediation, mechanism exploration and simulation calculation
Ziming Xin,
Jianhao Tong,
Jing Wang
и другие.
Chemical Engineering Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
493, С. 152718 - 152718
Опубликована: Май 31, 2024
Язык: Английский
Environmental behavior of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and the potential role of biochar for its remediation: a review
Biochar,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
Abstract
Per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFASs),
commonly
known
as
‘‘forever
chemicals’’,
are
persistent
organic
pollutants
that
widely
distributed
in
the
environment.
Due
to
their
toxicity
resistance
degradation,
PFASs
classified
emerging
contaminants,
increasing
attention
is
being
paid
remediation.
Biochar,
an
environmentally
friendly
cost-effective
adsorbent,
shows
potential
for
remediating
contamination.
The
application
of
biochar
remediation
has
garnered
growing
interest.
Compared
other
adsorbents,
more
economical
raw
materials
its
preparation
readily
available.
However,
there
currently
no
comprehensive
review
summarizing
effects
on
environmental
behavior
PFASs.
This
aims
fill
gap
by
providing
in-depth
discussion
synthesis
existing
literature
this
area.
It
focuses
PFASs,
specifically
addressing
adsorption
mechanisms
factors
influencing
effectiveness
A
proposed
mechanism
which
photodegrades
through
generation
free
radicals,
addition
conventional
(such
pore
filling,
hydrogen
bonding,
hydrophobic
interactions,
electrostatic
interactions),
explored.
Furthermore,
discusses
ability
reduce
likelihood
entering
food
chain
water
soil
evaluates
feasibility
limitations
using
removal.
Finally,
we
identify
future
research
directions
support
safe
effective
use
remediation,
so
promote
advancement
green
technologies.
Graphic
Язык: Английский
A Virtuous Cycle of Phytoremediation, Pyrolysis, and Biochar Applications toward Safe PFAS Levels in Soil, Feed, and Food
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
InfoMetricsFiguresRef.
Journal
of
Agricultural
and
Food
ChemistryASAPArticle
This
publication
is
Open
Access
under
the
license
indicated.
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ViewpointJanuary
29,
2025A
Virtuous
Cycle
Phytoremediation,
Pyrolysis,
Biochar
Applications
toward
Safe
PFAS
Levels
in
Soil,
Feed,
FoodClick
to
copy
article
linkArticle
link
copied!Gerard
Cornelissen*Gerard
CornelissenNorwegian
Geotechnical
Institute
(NGI),
Oslo
0484,
NorwayNorwegian
University
Life
Sciences
(NMBU),
Ås
1432,
Norway*[email
protected]More
by
Gerard
Cornelissenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-9514Nathalie
BrielsNathalie
BrielsARCHE
Consulting,
Ghent
9032,
BelgiumMore
Nathalie
Brielshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-3004Thomas
D.
BucheliThomas
BucheliEnvironmental
Analytics,
Agroscope,
Zürich
8046,
SwitzerlandMore
Thomas
Buchelihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-3104Nicolas
EstoppeyNicolas
EstoppeyNorwegian
NorwayMore
Nicolas
EstoppeyAndrea
GredeljAndrea
GredeljNorwegian
Andrea
Gredeljhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-871XNikolas
HagemannNikolas
HagemannEnvironmental
SwitzerlandIthaka
Institute,
Goldbach
63773,
GermanyMore
Nikolas
HagemannSylvain
LerchSylvain
LerchRuminant
Nutrition
Emissions,
Posieux
1725,
Sylvain
Lerchhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-8012Simon
LotzSimon
LotzIthaka
Arbaz
1974,
Simon
LotzDaniel
RasseDaniel
RasseNorwegian
for
Bioeconomy
(NIBIO),
Daniel
Rassehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-3863Hans-Peter
SchmidtHans-Peter
SchmidtIthaka
Hans-Peter
Schmidthttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-7506Erlend
SørmoErlend
SørmoNorwegian
Erlend
Sørmohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3345-8777Hans
Peter
H.
ArpHans
ArpNorwegian
Science
Technology
(NTNU),
Trondheim
7491,
Hans
Arphttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-8838Open
PDFJournal
ChemistryCite
this:
J.
Agric.
Chem.
2025,
XXXX,
XXX,
XXX-XXXClick
citationCitation
copied!https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00651https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c00651Published
January
2025
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History
Received
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2025Published
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2025article-commentary©
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SocietySubjectswhat
subjectsArticle
subjects
automatically
applied
from
Subject
Taxonomy
describe
scientific
concepts
themes
article.BeveragesBiomassCropsPyrolysisSoilsPFAS
AgricultureClick
section
linkSection
copied!Farmlands
can
contaminated
with
per-
polyfluorinated
alkylated
substances
(PFAS)
increased
levels
biosolids,
compost,
digestate,
animal
manure.
Such
contamination
lead
high
persistent
(ground)water,
crops,
milk,
meat,
(1)
increasing
human
dietary
exposure.Phytoremediation,
AmendmentClick
copied!Remediation
PFAS-impacted
agricultural
soil
challenging
because
diffuse
character
pollution.
(2)
Destructive
approaches
(soil
washing,
excavation,
incineration,
chemical
oxidation)
will
impair
ecosystem
services
cause
carbon
emissions.
In
situ
methods
such
as
phytoremediation
(3)
sorbent
amendment
carbonaceous
and/or
ion-exchanging
materials
(4)
less
intrusive
more
cost-effective.
(2,3)
Phytoremediation
been
demonstrated
cost-effective,
environmentally
friendly,
energy
efficient,
aesthetically
pleasing
option.
However,
variabilities
were
observed
between
uptake
potential
different
plant
species.
(3,5)
Pyrolysis
mineralize
biomass,
(6)
providing
win–win
solution
which
eliminated
biomass
other
biosolids
(7)
through
pyrolysis,
generating
biochar.
sustainable
(4,8)
co-benefits
sequestration
(1–2
t
CO2
equivalents/t
biochar
(9)),
waste
management,
(2,6)
generation
during
pyrolysis.
(2)A
CycleClick
copied!We
propose
virtuous
cycle
accumulation
short-chain
PFAS,
destroying
them
pyrolytic
treatment,
applying
resulting
PFAS-free
immobilize
long-chain
(Figure
1).
Pyrolyzing
alleviates
constraints
disposal.
proposed
takes
advantage
phytoextraction
(ultra)short-chain
strongly
sorbed
We
further
suggest
that
addition
forages
may
reduce
bioavailability
thereby
reducing
milk
meat.Figure
1Figure
1.
Phytoremediation–pyrolysis–biochar
including
biochar-amended
ruminant
feed.High
Resolution
ImageDownload
MS
PowerPoint
SlideTo
optimize
combined
remediation
cycle,
pyrolysis
probably
needs
conducted
above
800
°C
ensure
destruction
sufficient
size
pores
(>2
nm
(4,10))
sorb
molecules
(>1.5
(8)).
Amendment
1%
sludge
(activated)
high-T
wood
reduced
level
leaching
perfluorooctanesulfonate
(PFOS)
up
92–99%,
(8,10)
notably
better
effectiveness
than
(C4–5)
(40–70%
(8)).Roughly
5
dry
weight
(dw)
(ha
grass)−1
year–1,
approximately
one-third
total
harvest,
could
turned
into
1
on
ha
per
year.
Acquiring
enough
amend
top
20
cm
(ρ
=
1.3
g
cm–3)
would
then
take
∼25
years.
Using
co-pyrolysis
alternative
feedstocks
manure,
(11)
crop
residues,
(7,8)
reeds
(10)
shorten
time
frame.
Assuming
price
€
1000
t–1,
cost
25
000
ha–1
plus
incorporation
fodder
yield
losses.
overall
lower
incorporating
credits
150
(t
CO2)−1
2030.
(11,12)Optimizing
PhytoremediationClick
copied!The
depends
local
conditions
bioaccumulation
factors
(BAFs)
particular
soil–plant
system.
BAF
ranges
∼10
PFBS
PFBA
∼1
PFOS
PFOA.
(13)
times
dw
harvest
year–1
order
50–500
years,
underscoring
need
identify
hyperaccumulator
crops
BAFs.
below
few
dozen
same
magnitude
needed
administer
biochar.Biochar-Amended
Fodder
Reduce
Meat
MilkClick
copied!Biochar
administration
improve
health
well
meat
production.
(12)
Ruminants
have
fed
100–400
day–1
while
consuming
10
kg
grass
day–1.
reduces
bioaccessibility
thus
digestive
tract,
body
tissues,
chronic
risk
meat.
Biochar–water
distribution
ratios,
Kd,
reach
106
L
kg–1
PFOS,
(8)
far
grass–water
Kd's
(20–50
kg–1).
Thus,
tract
≤700-fold.
Actual
reductions
due
(i)
incomplete
fodder–biochar
mixing
rumen
intestine,
(ii)
natural
organic
matter
(iii)
weaker
sorption
biochar,
(iv)
250
being
too
little
"depurate"
500
ruminant,
(14,15)
(v)
fluids
activity.
(14)
Conversely,
slightly
acidic
environment
(pH
5.8)
weaken
electrostatic
repulsion
polar
headgroups.
Also,
digested
present
manure
play
role
sorbing
fertility.
(12)Restoration
PFAS-Contaminated
FarmlandClick
copied!Pyrolyzing
entire
should
considered
last
resort
farmland
Alternatively,
converting
10–20%
harvested
availability
gradually,
offering
long-term
climate
compromising
farmer
income,
especially
compensation
payments.
(16)There
indications
amendments
effective
over
scales.
matrix
itself
>80%
stable
millennia,
(9)
strength
increase
slow
diffusion
deeper
narrow
aggregates.
(17)The
best
preventing
prevent
it
ever
entering;
however,
already
compromised
land,
application
phytoremediation–pyrolysis–biochar
help
restore
quality.
Optimization
done
field
trials,
various
herbage
species
agroforestry
varying
conditions.
Hyperaccumulators
grown
pyrolyzed
back-applied,
after
reseeded.
Remediation
land
achieved
decade.Author
InformationClick
copied!Corresponding
AuthorGerard
Cornelissen
-
Norwegian
Norway;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-9514;
Email:
[email
protected]AuthorsNathalie
Briels
ARCHE
Belgium;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1310-3004Thomas
Bucheli
Environmental
Switzerland;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9971-3104Nicolas
Estoppey
NorwayAndrea
Gredelj
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7766-871XNikolas
Hagemann
Ithaka
GermanySylvain
Lerch
Ruminant
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-8012Simon
Lotz
SwitzerlandDaniel
Rasse
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-3863Hans-Peter
Schmidt
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-7506Erlend
Sørmo
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3345-8777Hans
Arp
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-8838NotesThe
authors
declare
competing
financial
interest.ReferencesClick
copied!
references
17
publications.
1Jha,
G.;
Kankarla,
V.;
McLennon,
E.;
Pal,
S.;
Sihi,
D.;
Dari,
B.;
Diaz,
Nocco,
M.
Per-and
polyfluoroalkyl
integrated
crop–livestock
systems:
environmental
exposure
risks.
Int.
Environ.
Res.
Public
Health
2021,
18
(23),
12550,
DOI:
10.3390/ijerph182312550
Google
ScholarThere
corresponding
record
reference.2Mahinroosta,
R.;
Senevirathna,
L.
A
emerging
treatment
technologies
soils.
Manage.
2020,
255,
109896,
10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109896
Scholar2A
soilsMahinroosta,
Reza;
LalanthaJournal
Management
(2020),
255
(),
109896CODEN:
JEVMAW;
ISSN:0301-4797.
(Elsevier
Ltd.)
review.
Contamination
soils
poly-
perfluoroalkyl
become
issue
adverse
effects
both
public
health.
strong
chem.
structures
their
bonding
makes
eliminate
environments.
Traditional
successful
redn.
removal
environment.
paper
provides
comprehensive
evaluation
existing
remediating
guidance
approach
use
contexts.
functions
all
technologies,
suitability,
limitations,
scale
lab.
presented
baseline
understanding
research
To
date,
immobilization
method
significant
part
soln.
soils,
although
its
efficiency
still
investigation.
Soil
washing
thermal
techniques
tested
at
scale,
but
they
expensive
energy-intensive
large
vol.
solvent
m.p.
resp.;
initial
investment
installation.
Other
oxidn.,
ball
milling,
electron
beams,
progressed
addnl.
make
feasible,
cost-effective
applicable
field.
>>
SciFinder
®https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXitlehu7jF&md5=6ada5e90a8dd3ce1e82820711956bfc73Mayakaduwage,
Ekanayake,
A.;
Kurwadkar,
Rajapaksha,
A.
U.;
Vithanage,
prospects
per-and
substances:
2022,
212,
113311,
10.1016/j.envres.2022.113311
reference.4Liang,
Li,
C.;
Chen,
H.;
Sørmo,
Cornelissen,
Gao,
Y.;
Reguyal,
F.;
Sarmah,
Ippolito,
J.;
Kammann,
C.
critical
PFAS-contaminated
water.
Sci.
Total
2024,
951,
174962–
174962,
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174962
reference.5Gredelj,
Polesel,
Trapp,
S.
Model-based
analysis
acids
(PFAAs)
plants.
Chemosphere
244,
125534,
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125534
Scholar5Model-based
plantsGredelj,
Andrea;
Fabio;
StefanChemosphere
244
125534CODEN:
CMSHAF;
ISSN:0045-6535.
Perfluoroalkyl
bioaccumulate
particularly
PFAAs
constantly
transported
transpiration
water
aerial
parts.
Due
amphiphilic
surfactant
nature
ionized
state
pH,
predicting
partitioning
behavior
difficult
subject
considerable
uncertainty,
making
exptl.
data
highly
desirable.
Here,
we
model
combines
advective
flux
measured
partition
coeffs.
reproduce
set
empirically
derived
soil-partitioning
nine
red
chicory,
mechanistic
provide
new
insights
complex
processes.
introduced
parameter
retarded
(R)
explain
transfer
PFAA
across
biomembranes
root
epidermis,
led
low
stream
concn.
(TSCFs)
literature
so
far.
estd.
R
values
chicory
used
modified
simulate
crops.
Results
show
semi-empirical
predicted
transport
shoots
fruits
good
accuracy
based
(RCFdw)
(Kd)
plant-specific
growth
transpiration.
concluded
combination
rather
Kd
RCFdw
absence
relevant
loss
reason
obsd.
excellent
PFAAs.
®https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BC1MXisVSksbrI&md5=657613d4b354772609c9d37321b775646Sørmo,
Castro,
Hubert,
M.;
Licul-Kucera,
Quintanilla,
Asimakopoulos,
Arp,
P.
decomposition
emission
wide
range
diverse,
fractions
undergoing
Hazard.
Mater.
2023,
454,
131447,
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131447
reference.7Morales,
Peters,
Cherubini,
F.
Eco-toxicological
change
treatments:
Pathways
towards
zero
pollution
negative
470,
134242,
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134242
reference.8Sørmo,
Lade,
B.
Zhang,
Åsli,
G.
W.;
Goranov,
I.;
Stabilization
sewage
sludge-and
wood-based
sorbents.
922,
170971,
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170971
reference.9Schmidt,
P.;
Anca-Couce,
Hagemann,
N.;
Werner,
Gerten,
Lucht,
Pyrogenic
capture
storage.
GCB
Bioenergy
2019,
11
(4),
573–
591,
10.1111/gcbb.12553
reference.10Liu,
Wu,
Lyu,
Efficient
adsorptive
reed
straw-derived
(RESCA).
798,
149191,
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149191
Scholar10Efficient
(RESCA)Liu,
Na;
Chen;
Guifen;
MengyanScience
Environment
(2021),
798
149191CODEN:
STENDL;
ISSN:0048-9697.
B.V.)
Drinking
groundwater
heavily
relies
adsorption-based
materials,
granular
activated
(GAC).
Application
GAC
restricted
inefficiency
remove
prevalently
emerged
substitutes
metabolites
(PFAS).
synthesized
(RESCA)
exhibiting
exceptional
efficiencies
(>92%)
environment-relevant
concns.
(e.g.,
1μg/L).
Pseudo-second-order
kinetic
consts.
RESCA
1.13
1.23
L/(mg
h)
perfluorobutanoic
acid
(PFBA)
perfluorobutanesulfonic
(PFBS),
resp.,
six
greater
GAC.
SEM
imaging
BET
anal.
revealed
hydrophobic
surface
scattered
mesopores
(2-10
diam.)
was
assocd.
rapid
adsorption
RESCA-packed
filters
mixt.
three
influent
flow
rate
45
mL/min.
contrast,
GAC-packed
significantly
efficient
PFAAs,
also
neg.
affected
rate.
Efficacy
validated
four
PFAA-spiked
samples
sites.
Dissolved
org.
(DOC)
>8
mg/L
affect
RESCA.
Feasibility
scaling
system
investigated
breakthrough
simulation.
Overall,
represents
green
adsorbent
feasible
scalable
spectrum
chain
lengths
functional
moieties.
®https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3MXhs1yqsbzL&md5=f6bfad91650a39d7d37ebdf7aea9c3be11Rathnayake,
Schmidt,
Leifeld,
Mayer,
Epper,
Bucheli,
T.
N.
manure:
assessment
technical
feasibility,
economic
viability,
ecological
impact.
15
(9),
1078–
1104,
10.1111/gcbb.13082
reference.12Schmidt,
H.-P.;
Draper,
K.;
feeding.
PeerJ
7,
e7373
10.7717/peerj.7373
reference.13Lesmeister,
L.;
Lange,
T.;
Breuer,
Biegel-Engler,
Giese,
Scheurer,
Extending
knowledge
about
plants–A
766,
142640,
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142640
Scholar13Extending
plants
reviewLesmeister,
Lukas;
Frank
Thomas;
Joern;
Annegret;
Evelyn;
MarcoScience
766
142640CODEN:
main
source
(PFASs)
residues
soil.
Bioaccumulation
an
important
tool
derive
recommendations
cultivation
handling
prior
consumption.
compiles
>4500
soil-to-plant
BAFs
PFASs
24
studies
involving
27
genera
Grasses
(Poaceae)
provided
most
highest
no.
perfluorooctanoic
perfluorooctane
sulfonic
acid.
Influencing
like
compd.-specific
properties
(hydrophobicity,
length,
group,
etc.),
species,
compartments,
boundary
critically
discussed.
Throughout
literature,
higher
vegetative
compartments
reproductive
storage
organs.
Decreasing
perfluorinated
clearly
apparent
aboveground
parts
(up
1.16
grains)
always
roots
(partly
down
zero).
Combining
single
carboxylic
(C4-C14)
(C4-C10),
median
log
decreased
-0.25(±0.029)
-0.24(±0.013)
fluorinated
carbon,
resp.
For
first
time,
ultra-short-chain
(≤
C3)
reviewed
showed
ubiquitous
occurrence
trifluoroacetic
independent
presence
Based
identified
gaps,
suggested
focus
precursors
≤C3,
GenX
ethers
future
research.
Studies
regarding
sugar
cane,
accounts
one
fifth
global
prodn.,
completely
lacking
recommended.
Furthermore,
aq.
leachates
extn.
base
calcns.
®https://chemport.cas.org/services/resolver?origin=ACS&resolution=options&coi=1%3ACAS%3A528%3ADC%252BB3cXitFSmsrbM&md5=b3649aaabb2470c0d8db2f92dfb3f41c14Hilber,
Arrigo,
Zuber,
Desorption
resistance
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
biochars
incubated
cow
ruminal
liquid
vitro
vivo.
Technol.
53
13695–
13703,
10.1021/acs.est.9b04340
reference.15Lastel,
M.-L.;
Fournier,
Jurjanz,
Thomé,
J.-P.;
Joaquim-Justo,
Archimède,
Mahieu,
Feidt,
Rychen,
Comparison
chlordecone
NDL-PCB
decontamination
dynamics
growing
male
kids
cessation
oral
exposure:
Is
there
decrease
pollutants
supplementation
paraffin
oil?.
2018,
193,
100–
107,
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.120
reference.16Werner,
Biogeochemical
systems
limiting
warming
1.5
Lett.
13
044036,
10.1088/1748-9326/aabb0e
reference.17Obia,
Mulder,
Martinsen,
Borresen,
aggregation,
retention
porosity
light-textured
tropical
Tillage
2016,
155,
35–
44,
10.1016/j.still.2015.08.002
reference.Cited
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