Previous
studies
have
revealed
the
impact
of
heavy
metals
(HMs)
on
gut
microbiota
and
intestinal
structure.
However,
relationship
between
HMs
fecal
incontinence
(FI)
remains
unclear.
Therefore,
this
study
aims
to
evaluate
association
blood
exposure
FI.
Data
for
were
obtained
from
2005–2010
cycles
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
(NHANES).
Information
regarding
FI
was
retrieved
Bowel
Questionnaire,
while
data
collected
through
laboratory
examinations.
Weighted
logistic
regression,
two-indices
weighted
quantile
sum
(2iWQS),
g-computation
(qgcomp),
restricted
cubic
splines
(RCS)
employed
explore
relationships
levels
cadmium
(Cd),
lead
(Pb),
mercury
(Hg)
Additionally,
Subgroup
analyses
conducted
discern
specific
associations
within
distinct
populations.
A
total
12,142
participants
aged
20
years
above
included
in
study.
regression
indicated
a
positive
Cd
(Crude
model:
OR
=
1.21,
95%
CI:
1.09–1.35,
p
<
0.001)
Pb
1.01,
1.01–1.02,
with
After
adjusting
all
covariates,
remained
significant
(Model
2:
Q1
vs.
Q3,
1.38,
1.04–1.83,
0.026)
1.00–1.01,
0.004).
The
2iWQS
analysis
demonstrated
correlation
mixture
three
(OR
1.18,
1.05–1.32,
0.005),
having
highest
weight
among
(0.76).
qgcomp
confirmed
finding
1.12,
1.01–1.26,
0.036;
0.72).
that
more
pronounced
males;
Mexican
Americans;
those
poverty
income
ratio
(PIR)
>
2;
individuals
college
or
education;
overweight
participants;
never-smokers;
drinkers;
hypertension;
non-diabetes
individuals.
Conversely,
stronger
40–60,
participants,
never-smokers.
Exposure
HMs,
particularly
Cd,
is
associated
American
adults.
Future
research
should
focus
elucidating
causal
underlying
mechanisms.
Cardiovascular Diabetology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2025
The
stress
hyperglycemia
ratio
(SHR)
was
developed
to
reduce
the
effects
of
long-term
chronic
glycemic
factors
on
levels,
which
associated
with
adverse
clinical
outcomes.
This
study
aims
evaluate
relationship
between
postoperative
SHR
index
and
all-cause
mortality
in
patients
undergoing
cardiac
surgery.
Data
for
this
were
extracted
from
Medical
Information
Mart
Intensive
Care
IV
(MIMIC-IV)
database.
Patients
categorized
into
four
groups
based
quartiles.
primary
outcome
30-day
mortality,
while
secondary
outcomes
included
in-hospital,
90-day
360-day
mortality.
analyzed
using
quartiles,
Kaplan-Meier
curves
generated
compare
across
groups.
Cox
proportional
hazards
regression
restricted
cubic
splines
(RCS)
employed
assess
LASSO
used
feature
selection.
Six
machine
learning
algorithms
predict
in-hospital
further
extended
SHapley
Additive
exPlanations
method
visualizing
model
characteristics
individual
case
predictions.
A
total
3,848
participants
study,
a
mean
age
68
±
12
years
female
comprised
30.6%
(1,179).
Higher
levels
an
increased
risk
as
shown
by
(log-rank
P
<
0.05).
analysis
revealed
that
highest
quartile
significantly
higher
at
these
time
points
(P
RCS
demonstrated
nonlinear
relationships
Naive
Bayes
achieves
area
under
curve
(AUC)
predicting
both
(0.7936)
(0.7410).
In
surgery,
may
serve
valid
tool
assessing
severity
after
surgery
guiding
treatment
decisions.
Cardiovascular Diabetology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Март 29, 2025
The
effect
of
cadmium
exposure
on
mortality
risk
among
individuals
with
diabetes
and
prediabetes
remains
unclear,
particularly
regarding
potential
mediation
by
oxidative
stress
inflammation.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
associations
blood
levels
all-cause,
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD),
cancer
mediating
effects
inflammation
biomarkers
in
patients
prediabetes.
In
this
prospective
cohort
study,
we
analyzed
17,687
adults
from
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
(NHANES,
1999-2018).
Nine
related
(gamma-glutamyl
transferase
[GGT],
uric
acid
[UA],
high-density
lipoprotein
[HDL],
UA
HDL
ratio
[UHR])
(neutrophil-lymphocyte
[NLR],
monocyte-lymphocyte
[MLR],
neutrophil-monocyte-lymphocyte
[NMLR],
systemic
response
index
[SIRI],
immune-inflammation
[SII])
were
systematically
assessed.
Kaplan-Meier
survival
analysis,
Cox
proportional
hazards
models,
restricted
cubic
splines
(RCS)
applied
evaluate
association
risk.
Generalized
linear
models
used
assess
biomarkers,
while
regression
RCS
evaluated
their
mortality.
Causal
analysis
identified
biological
pathways
mediated
Stratified
sensitivity
analyses
further
employed
confirm
robustness
results.
During
161,047.75
person-years
follow-up,
3562
deaths
occurred,
including
1214
CVD
680
cancer.
Higher
associated
increased
risks
all-cause
(fully
adjusted
hazard
[HR]:
2.17;
95%
confidence
interval
[CI]
1.69-2.79,
comparing
highest
vs.
lowest
quartile),
(HR
2.06;
CI
1.41-3.02),
2.38;
1.47-3.85),
without
evidence
nonlinear
relationship.
Mediation
indicated
that
UA,
NLR,
MLR,
NMLR,
SIRI
partially
mortality,
although
proportions
relatively
modest
(ranging
1.4
4.8%).
Additionally,
GGT
a
small
fraction
Cadmium
increases
CVD,
Oxidative
appear
mediate
adverse
effect.
These
findings
emphasize
urgent
need
for
targeted
interventions
reduce
cadmium-related
risks.
What
is
currently
known
about
topic?
linked
are
critical
development
complications.
key
research
question?
Does
increase
prediabetes?
Are
involved
these
effects?
new?
cause-specific
associations.
How
might
influence
clinical
practice?
Monitor
cadmium,
stress,
Clinical Epigenetics,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Май 31, 2025
Currently,
with
the
global
aging
of
population,
inflammation,
recognized
as
a
hallmark
in
age-related
diseases,
has
been
studied
and
linked
to
cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD).
However,
limited
evidence
on
whether
inflammation
modifies
epigenetic
affects
CVD
risk.
This
study
included
404
patients
1941
non-CVD
individuals
from
1999-2002
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
cross-sectional
data.
Low-grade
systemic
was
assessed
using
C-reactive
protein
(CRP),
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
ratio
(NLR),
response
index
(SIRI).
Epigenetic
age
accelerations
(EAAs)
were
calculated
residuals
between
chronological
ages:
Horvath
acceleration
(AgeAccel),
AgeAccelHannum,
AgeAccelPheno.
Weighted
linear
logistic
regression
analyzed
associations
exposures
outcomes,
mediating
effects
Sobel
test.
After
adjusting
confoundings,
log-transformed
NLR
SIRI
positively
associated
risk,
odds
(OR)
ranges
1.260
1.354
(all
P
<
0.05).
Furthermore,
ln-transformed
CRP
AgeAccelHannum
AgeAccelPheno,
coefficient
(β)
0.505
1.304
0.05);
all
three
EAAs,
β
0.392
2.212
0.005).
Additionally,
1-unit
increase
AgeAccelPheno
2.8%
(OR:
1.028,
95%
CI
1.007-1.049,
=
0.011)
3.5%
1.035,
1.014-1.056,
0.002)
respectively.
mediation
analysis
showed
that
mediates
10.44%
(P
0.046)
association
risk;
24.03%
0.009)
18.16%
0.015)
NLR-CVD
SIRI-CVD
risk
associations,
Our
results
demonstrate
EAAs
mediate
highlighting
potential
multi-target
approach
modifications
for
personalized
management
reduce