Sustainability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(8), С. 3443 - 3443
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2025
Eutrophication challenges aquatic ecosystems, with wetland plants serving as sustainable sources of in situ remediation for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) removal. The limited understanding seasonal nutrient dynamics hinders management development. This review classifies by growth patterns: spring–summer (SSPs), spring–summer–autumn (SSAPs), all-year-round (APs). SSPs exhibit peak N/P spring–summer, SSAPs sustain high levels autumn, while APs maintain stable contents through cold-tolerant sustainability. Perennials achieve cycling seasonally storing tissues redistributing them spring. We propose the following harvesting protocols: harvest pre-September, November, retain over winter. Height-controlled during peaks enhances removal preserving regeneration. Strategic combinations SSPs, SSAPs, ensure sustainable, efficient across hydrological/climatic conditions, supporting conservation.
Язык: Английский