Investigation of organic contaminants in field-cultivated vegetables receiving recycled water and biosolids applications DOI Creative Commons
Nicole M. Dennis, Audrey J. Braun,

Zahra Mafishiraz

и другие.

Environment International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 200, С. 109546 - 109546

Опубликована: Май 25, 2025

Tertiary treated wastewater (e.g., recycled water) and sewage sludge biosolids) are increasingly recognized as valuable yet underutilized resources in agriculture. While water Class A biosolids provide agronomic benefits, they also contain numerous unregulated organic chemicals (UOCs) at trace levels. Field-derived data on UOC fate uptake into food crops remains scarce. This large-scale field study investigated the accumulation of 44 priority UOCs, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, plasticizers, flame retardants, illicit drugs, radish, broccoli, spinach grown with 0, 0.430, 1.08, 2.15 metric tons/ha. Using validated UPLC-ESI-MS2 methods, 15 UOCs were detected edible tissues concentrations ranging from 2.10 to 994 ng/g dry weight. Cannabinoids, methamphetamine, phthalates, fragrances most frequently detected. Three PFAS compounds present inputs but not vegetable samples. Estimated adult dietary intake totaled 277 µg/yr, or 0.011 µg/kg bw/d for a 70 kg person, based U.S. EPA standardized consumption data. Although lack chronic toxicity thresholds, available therapeutic acute effects levels suggest estimated exposure is several orders magnitude lower. These values presented context only do imply safety replace formal risk assessment. Crop responses varied by species, radish biomass increasing lower rates decreasing higher rates. results field-based insights production systems support safe, sustainable use circular economy, while emphasizing need

Язык: Английский

Analysis of multi-class unregulated organic compounds in soil and biosolids using LC-MS/MS DOI
R. Álvarez-Ruiz, Youn Jeong Choi, M. Christina Schilling Costello

и другие.

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 125727 - 125727

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Investigation of organic contaminants in field-cultivated vegetables receiving recycled water and biosolids applications DOI Creative Commons
Nicole M. Dennis, Audrey J. Braun,

Zahra Mafishiraz

и другие.

Environment International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 200, С. 109546 - 109546

Опубликована: Май 25, 2025

Tertiary treated wastewater (e.g., recycled water) and sewage sludge biosolids) are increasingly recognized as valuable yet underutilized resources in agriculture. While water Class A biosolids provide agronomic benefits, they also contain numerous unregulated organic chemicals (UOCs) at trace levels. Field-derived data on UOC fate uptake into food crops remains scarce. This large-scale field study investigated the accumulation of 44 priority UOCs, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, plasticizers, flame retardants, illicit drugs, radish, broccoli, spinach grown with 0, 0.430, 1.08, 2.15 metric tons/ha. Using validated UPLC-ESI-MS2 methods, 15 UOCs were detected edible tissues concentrations ranging from 2.10 to 994 ng/g dry weight. Cannabinoids, methamphetamine, phthalates, fragrances most frequently detected. Three PFAS compounds present inputs but not vegetable samples. Estimated adult dietary intake totaled 277 µg/yr, or 0.011 µg/kg bw/d for a 70 kg person, based U.S. EPA standardized consumption data. Although lack chronic toxicity thresholds, available therapeutic acute effects levels suggest estimated exposure is several orders magnitude lower. These values presented context only do imply safety replace formal risk assessment. Crop responses varied by species, radish biomass increasing lower rates decreasing higher rates. results field-based insights production systems support safe, sustainable use circular economy, while emphasizing need

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0