Symbiotic synergy: How Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi enhance nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and soil health through molecular mechanisms and hormonal regulation

IMA Fungus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is integral to sustainable agriculture and enhances plant resilience abiotic biotic stressors. Through their symbiotic association with roots, AM improves nutrient water uptake, activates antioxidant defenses, facilitates hormonal regulation, contributing improved health productivity. Plants release strigolactones, which trigger spore germination hyphal branching, a process regulated by genes, such as D27 , CCD7 CCD8 MAX1 . recognition plants mediated receptor-like kinases (RLKs) LysM domains, leading the formation of arbuscules that optimize exchange. Hormonal regulation plays pivotal role in this symbiosis; cytokinins enhance colonization, auxins support arbuscule formation, brassinosteroids regulate root growth. Other hormones, salicylic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonic abscisic also influence colonization stress responses, further bolstering resilience. In addition health, soil improving microbial diversity, structure, cycling, carbon sequestration. This supports pH pathogen suppression, offering alternative chemical fertilizers fertility. To maximize ’s potential agriculture, future research should focus on refining inoculation strategies, enhancing compatibility different crops, assessing long-term ecological economic benefits. Optimizing applications critical for agricultural resilience, food security, farming practices.

Язык: Английский

A review on As-contaminated soil remediation using waste biomass feedstock-based biochar and metal-modified biochar

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 292, С. 117927 - 117927

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Arsenic (As) is a carcinogen that threatens ecosystems and human health. Due to its high adsorption, microporosity, biochar widely available for soil remediation. This review significantly summarizes the current status of waste biomass feedstock-based metal-modified As-contaminated Firstly, this paper briefly describes sources hazards As in soil, secondly, lists eleven feedstocks preparing biochar. Agricultural, domestic, forestry wastes provide plentiful source preparation. Single or multi-metal modifications such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), cerium (Ce) can effectively improve Arsenite [As(III)] arsenate [As(V)] adsorption capacity The primary mechanisms removal by include ion exchange, electrostatic attraction, surface complexation, redox transformation, H-bond formation. In conclusion, presents an in-depth discussion on both metal modification, providing constructive suggestions future development remediate soil.

Язык: Английский

Impact of modified biochar on phosphorus fractionation and biochemical properties for different soils

Environmental Sciences Europe, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

Язык: Английский