How Increasing Temperature Scenarios Can Alter Terrorist Act Risk in Different Historical Squares? A Simulation-Based Approach DOI
Enrico Quagliarini, Gabriele Bernardini, Marco D’Orazio

и другие.

SSRN Electronic Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Squares in the urban historical built environment are relevant public open spaces prone to terrorist acts risk, essentially because they ideal soft targets and attract significant users' densities. Risk assessment methods should consider how users behave them, both ini-tial scenario immediate response (i.e. evacuation process). Besides square morphology layout, considering that areas more effects of increasing temperature, outdoor climate conditions can alter initial scenario, leading gather specific areas, where look for shadows sheltering. This work hence proposes a simulation-based approach as-sess differences behaviours against temperature squares act risks an emergency evacuation. An agent-based model is developed simulate interactions between users, hazards environment. The considers four typological since host special building attracting front it. These derived from analysis Italian contexts within BE S2ECURe project. Users generated space use (thus, be-fore act) depending on which affected by morphology. Three different modelled, or not thermal acceptability levels, situation. Then, two scenarios simulated: (a) general process, without any attack, as baseline risk assessment; (b) armed assault with cold weapons, define one most probable attack situations spaces. Evacuation performance indicators assess levels. Preliminary verifications demonstrate capabilities, pointing out higher noticed large asymmetric squares, their highly affect variability temperature. At same time, stronger safety could reduce issues allow be dispersed initially placed farther area. Decision-makers take advantage proposed ap-proach simulation tool, moving towards effectiveness solutions increase comfort respect levels Finally, applications real-world thus encouraged compare such idealized results effective conditions.

Язык: Английский

Effects of urban drainage inlet layout on surface flood dynamics and discharge DOI
C. P. Liang, Mingfu Guan

Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 632, С. 130890 - 130890

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
Analyzing urban form influence on pluvial flooding via numerical experiments using random slices of actual city data DOI
Chao Mei, H. Shi, Jiahong Liu

и другие.

Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 633, С. 130916 - 130916

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Synergistic assessment of multi-scenario urban waterlogging through data-driven decoupling analysis in high-density urban areas: A case study in Shenzhen, China DOI
Shiqi Zhou,

Weiyi Jia,

Mo Wang

и другие.

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 369, С. 122330 - 122330

Опубликована: Сен. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Integrating Nature-Based Solutions for Increased Resilience to Urban Flooding in the Climate Change Context DOI Creative Commons

Grigore M. Radu,

Maria Chevereşan,

Sorin Perju

и другие.

Hydrology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(1), С. 16 - 16

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

As climate change intensifies with more frequent and severe flood events, urban areas face increasing challenges to protect population wellbeing. Amid development challenges, political uncertainty, socioeconomic pressures, finding sustainable solutions enhance resilience has become urgent complex. This article explores the limitations of traditional drainage systems in an zone Bucharest, Romania, integration nature-based for mitigation. We compare existing situation those simulated a scenario before after implementing green solutions. The imperviousness parking lots was set at 60%, that roofs 65%, 85%. A hydraulic model used this purpose. results demonstrate current stormwater struggle meet demands rainfall intensity highlight how strategies can effectively address extreme weather while contributing restoration natural environments within city. In case using ‘gray’ solutions, only 10–20% area affected by floods is reduced. comparison, combination gray infrastructure achieved average reduction peak water levels 0.76 m.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Rethinking walkability: Exploring the relationship between urban form and neighborhood social cohesion DOI Creative Commons
Andrew Sonta, Xiaofan Jiang

Sustainable Cities and Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 99, С. 104903 - 104903

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023

Recent research has investigated the importance of both walkable urban design and social cohesion. Social cohesion been shown to have broad health benefits, scholars hypothesized that can influence cohesion, though evidence remains limited. In this work, we leveraged a data-driven approach broke down factors related their impact on We used US-wide open urban-form dataset characterize design, an survey measured demographics with total sample size 9,670 in six US cities. partial least squared structural equation modeling for statistical analysis. found, controlling demographics, land use diversity had significant positive also found physical density, transit connectedness negative impacts association is largely driven by very dense neighborhoods These findings shed light different theories built environment, offering insights designers, engineers, policymakers interested effects environment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

20
An overview of flood evacuation planning: Models, methods, and future directions DOI Creative Commons
Chuannan Li,

Changbo Jiang,

J. Chen

и другие.

Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 133026 - 133026

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Assessment of urban waterlogging-induced road traffic safety risk and identification of its driving factors: A case study of Beijing DOI
Zihao Yang, Hao Wang, Bin Chen

и другие.

Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 183, С. 104080 - 104080

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

6
How Could Increasing Temperature Scenarios Alter the Risk of Terrorist Acts in Different Historical Squares? A Simulation-Based Approach in Typological Italian Squares DOI Creative Commons
Enrico Quagliarini, Gabriele Bernardini, Marco D’Orazio

и другие.

Heritage, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(7), С. 5151 - 5186

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2023

Squares in the urban historical built environment are public open spaces prone to risk of terrorist acts, essentially because they ideal soft targets and attract significant user densities. Risk assessment methods should consider how users behave them, both before during an accident (i.e., evacuation process). In addition squares’ morphology layout, considering that areas more effects increasing temperatures, outdoor climate conditions can alter initial scenario. fact, such lead gather specific areas, where look for shadows shelter. This work hence proposes a simulation-based approach assess differences users’ behaviours response temperatures acts emergency evacuation. An agent-based model is developed simulate interactions between users, hazards environment. The considers four typological squares since host special building attracting front it. These derived from analysis Italian contexts within BE S2ECURe project. Users generated space (thus, act) depending on intended uses square temperature, which affected by square’s morphology. Three different modelled (or not) temperature thermal acceptability levels situation. Then, two scenarios simulated: (a) general process, without attackers, as baseline assessment; (b) armed assault with cold weapons, define one most probable attack situations spaces. Evacuation performance indicators risk. Preliminary verifications demonstrate capabilities approach. results show higher noticed large asymmetric squares, their highly affect variability temperatures. At same time, stronger safety could reduce issues allow be dispersed initially placed farther area. Decision-makers take advantage proposed simulation tool, moving towards effectiveness solutions increase comfort respect Finally, applications real-world thus encouraged compare idealized effective conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

13
Physical vulnerability of pedestrians under the joint effect of wind and floodwater and its application in urban block flooding: Effects of urban block layout, building form and building array skyline DOI Open Access
Lufeng Gou, Zhongfan Zhu, Shuyou Liu

и другие.

Physics of Fluids, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

It has become urgent to formulate the physical vulnerability of pedestrians exposed compound hazard strong wind and flooding in an urban landscape identify pedestrian risk characteristics within building arrays. In this study, subject a joint effect floodwater is quantified theoretically based on mechanical analysis terms velocity, depth speed. Laboratory experiment regarding instability dummy performed calibrate formula. The formula adopted quantify rating different array configurations conjunction with computational fluid dynamics simulation, including block layout, form, skyline. found that (i) reverse reduces area extreme zone but improves safety comparison forward wind; (ii) determinant enclosed layout indeed favorable safety; however, staggered causes deteriorate; (iii) either corner modification or change form leads large reduction risk; (iv) For parallel skyline array, low street aspect ratio (i.e., height width) yields increased when smaller than unity; produces exceeds unity. protuberant more high-risk zones skyline, while concave does not alter distribution except for last row buildings. ascending configuration complex uniform pattern, descending general trend. These results might be referenced by engineers managers implement tailored measures (for example, optimizing configurations) mitigating reducing regions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Enhancing land use planning through integrating landscape analysis and flood inundation prediction Bekasi City’s in 2030 DOI Creative Commons

Novia Fitriyati,

Hadi Susilo Arifin, Regan Leonardus Kaswanto

и другие.

Geomatics Natural Hazards and Risk, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2024

Floods pose a significant threat, exceeding other natural disasters in economic and social impacts (Agrawal et al. Citation2020; Zuo Citation2023; Kurata Citation2023). Urbanization exacerbates this risk by altering hydrology increasing flood exposure due to population growth floodplains (Mustafa Citation2018; Cao Citation2022). Climate change further intensifies this, potentially raising the number of flood-prone people 2030 (Nguyen Citation2021; Tellman Keenan-Jones Disaster mitigation, particularly spatial planning for reduction, is crucial sustainable development rapidly urbanizing areas. Current plans often rely solely on static land-use data, neglecting dynamic landscape changes. This study utilizes data (Landsat 8 OLI, 2014–2022) metrics simulate under urban expansion. We show increased urbanization leads wider deeper floods changes fragmentation. Spatial needs consider these dynamics, not just elevation. Our model demonstrates that expanding residential non-residential areas 5.54% 1.47% increases 6.5% 36.9%, respectively. information can inform policymakers developing more robust mitigation.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3